2016高考英语真题试卷全国一卷（含答案和解析）.pdf

1、第 1页（共 7页） 2016 年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标） 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）分） 第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。 A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do

2、 you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? JaneAddams (1860-1935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and se

3、rvices for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson (1907-1964) If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and th

4、e harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans. Sandra Day OConnor (1930-present) When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员)

5、 and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks (1913-2005) On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple ac

6、t landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks. 21. What is JaneAddams noted for in history? A. Her social work.B. Her teaching skills. C. H

7、er efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background. 22. What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm? A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court. C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions. 23. Who made a great contr

8、ibution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.? A. JaneAddams.B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day OConnor.D. Ross Parks. 24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text? A. They are highly educated.B. They are truly creative. C. They are pioneers.D. They are peace-lovers. B GrandparentsAns

9、wer a Call As a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was

10、 four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move as a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesti

11、ng that the trend is growing. Even President Obamas mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study by , 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinsons decision will influence grandparents in the Americ

12、an family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obamas family. “In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents. 第 2页（共 7

13、页） “We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them, especially when youre raising children.” Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit

14、 frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder. 25. Why was Garzas move a success? A. It strengthened her family ties. B. It improved her living conditions. C. It enabled her make more

15、friends. D. It helped her know more new places. 26. What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinsons decision? A. 17% expressed their support for it. B. Few people responded sympathetically. C. 83% believed it had a bad influence. D. The majority thought it was a trend. 27. What did Crosby say

16、about people in the 1960s? A. They were unsure of themselves. B. They were eager to raise more children. C. They wanted to live away from their parents. D. They had little respect for their grandparents. 28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph? A. Make decisions in

17、 the best interests of their own. B.Ask their children to pay more visits to them. C. Sacrifice for their struggling children. D. Get to know themselves better. C I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry

18、stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year

19、where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for you there

20、are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient please, please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be

21、held for me. re-routed (改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled. For this courier job, youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life. 29. Which of the following can replace the underlined w

22、ord “courier” in Paragraph 1? A. providerB. delivery manC. collectorD. medical doctor 30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours? A. He cannot stay away from his job too long. B. The donor can only wait for that long. C. The operation needs that much time. D. The ice wont last any

23、longer. 31. Which flight did the woman put Peter on first? A. To London.B. To Newark.C. To Providence.D. To Washington. D The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show

24、stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs. Many Nativ

25、e Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider wha

26、t has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection. Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or 第 3页（共 7页） in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Span

27、ish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may vi

28、ew silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority. Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural

29、 construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 32. What does the author

30、say about silence in conversations? A. It implies anger.B. It promotes friendship. C. It is culture-specific.D. It is content-based. 33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought? A. The Chinese.B. The French.C. The Mexicans.D. The Russians. 34. What does the a

31、uthor advise nurses to do about silence? A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.B. Break it while treating patients. C. Evaluate its harm to patients.D. Make use of its healing effects. 35. What may be the best title for the text? A. Sound and SilenceB. What It Means to Be Silent C. Silence to Na

32、tiveAmericansD. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold 第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Secret codes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have

33、 used secret codes for thousands of years.36Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography.37For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the h

34、idden message “Meet me.” 38You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sent

35、ences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book.39For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequent

36、ly. A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any language, some letters are used more than others. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E. You can hide a message by having the first lett

37、ers of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45 分）分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文

38、，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AHeroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was41along 165 north after delivering to one of his42. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.43he got closer, he found44vehicle upside down on the road

39、. One more look and he noticed45shooting out from under the46vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and47the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. The man who had his bright lights on48and told Larry he had49an emergency call. They 50heard a woma

40、ns voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle.51the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay52until the emergency personnel arrived,53she thought the car was going to54. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not mo

41、ve55she injured her neck. Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man56and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the57if he was needed or58to go. They let him and the other man go. 第 4页（共 7页） One thing is59Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the b

42、urning vehicle! His60most likely saved the womans life. 41. A. walkingB. touringC. travelingD. rushing 42. A. passengersB. colleaguesC. employersD. customers 43. A. SinceB. AlthoughC. AsD. If 44. A. eachB. anotherC. thatD. his 45. A. flamesB. smokeC. waterD. steam 46. A. usedB. disabledC. removedD.

43、abandoned 47. A. got hold ofB. preparedC. took charge ofD. controlled 48. A. came downB. came throughC. came inD. came over 49. A. returnedB. receivedC. madeD. confirmed 50. A. thenB. againC. finallyD. even 51. A. StartingB. ParkingC. PassingD. Approaching 52. A. quietB. stillC. awayD. calm 53. A. f

44、orB. soC. andD. but 54. A. explodeB. slip awayC. fall apartD. crash 55. A. as ifB. unlessC. in caseD. after 56. A. stepped forward B. backed offC. moved onD. set out 57. A. womanB. policeC. manD. driver 58. A. forbiddenB. readyC. askedD. free 59. A. for certainB. for consideration C. reportedD. chec

45、ked 60. A. patienceB. skillsC. effortsD. promise 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top61(attract). So it was a great honour to be invited

46、backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I62(allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be63(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pand

47、as goes back64my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65I was the first Western TV reporter66(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include67(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a rese

48、arch in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by68(it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few69(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70other is with mum she never suspects. 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分第四部分

49、 写作 （共两节，满分 35 分）分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处 语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes su