1、Otorhinolaryngology,Head and Neck SurgeryGeneral Introduction IntroductionThe phylogeny of otorhinolaryngologyNomenclature and succession：ear,nose and throat;ENT otorhinolaryngology otolaryngology otolaryngology-head&neck surgery The beginning of Eighteen nineteens century:in europe,otology,rhinolog
2、y and laryngology were appeared with singlehanded subject.Europe laryngologyrhinologyotologyotorhinolaryngology appeared as the second order subject.First gradeSecond grade Third gradeclinical medicineotorhinolaryngologyotologylaryngologyrhinology In 1950s:In America,the thrid grade subjects of the
3、otorhinolaryngology had got additional extension.Head and neck surgerySkull base surgeryAudiologyOtoneurosurgeryAmerica 1960sOtolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgeryotologyrhinologyhead andNeck surgeryotoneurosurgeryPharynglaryngologyskull base surgeryChina商代商代甲骨文就有关于耳鼻喉疾病的描述；甲骨文就有关于耳鼻喉疾病的描述；秦汉秦汉时代，时代，内内经经耳
4、鼻喉解剖、生理、病理的描述。耳鼻喉解剖、生理、病理的描述。晋代晋代，耳鼻喉治疗，耳鼻喉治疗方法方法1906-北京协和医学堂附属医院成立五官科北京协和医学堂附属医院成立五官科 1911-建立独立的耳鼻喉科，建立独立的耳鼻喉科，1949-专科医师专科医师50人左右人左右 1952-上海医学院眼耳鼻喉科医院成立上海医学院眼耳鼻喉科医院成立 20世纪世纪80年代初年代初-淄博耳鼻喉科医院成立淄博耳鼻喉科医院成立1951-医学会北京、上海耳鼻喉科分会成立 1952-中华医学会耳鼻喉分会成立，1953-中华耳鼻喉科杂志创刊 2007更名耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科分会ophthalmology&otorhinola
5、ryngology（包括眼科、口腔科）（包括眼科、口腔科）Department of otolaryngologyOtorhinolaryngology,Head and Neck Surgery中国Referred other departmentsPneumology Pneumology Department Department Gastroenterology Gastroenterology，ThoracicsurgeryThoracicsurgery thyroid referred extent of physiological function：earthroat、trach
6、ea、esophagusnoseaudition、equilibratory sensationolfactory sensationdeglutationBreathing,pronunciationoAudiology and technique of aural rehabilitationoResearch of deaf on molecular biologyoEndoscopes and laser techniqueoetiopathogenesis and therapeutic research of allergic rhinitisoresearch of Obstru
7、ctive Sleep Apnea oMicrosurgery of laryngeal，neoplasmsectomy laryngeal Neoplasms of pharynx and larynx and functional reconstructionoapproach reserch of skull base and latero-skull base BAHA，即骨锚式助听器(Bone Anchored Hearing Aid，BAHA)，耳蜗植入器cochlear implants，仿生耳（bionic ear）、耳蜗赝复器（cochlear prostheses）和电子耳蜗（electronic ear）
