外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 1-6重点单词+短语+知识点 汇编（含6套单元测试卷及答案）.docx

1、外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 1-Unit 6重点单词+短语+知识点 汇编unit 1. A new start第一组1. senior.adj.（地位，水平，级别）高的，高级的；年纪大的n.较.年长的人n.职位较低者短语常见搭配：be senior to sb. 比级别高；比.年长beyears senior to sb./be senior to sb. Byyears. 比年长.岁。反义词：be junior to sb.比.级别低，比.年幼2. curious.adj.好奇的；稀奇古怪的n. curiosity.好奇心adv. curiously.好奇地短语常见搭配：b

2、e curious about 对好奇be curious to know/see/hear 很想知道/看到/听到.a curious look 好奇的表情it is curious that. 真是奇怪。out of curiosity 出于好奇With curiosity 好奇地satisfy ones curiosity 满足的好奇心ask.curiously 好奇地问.curiously enough 说来也怪3. impression. n.印象，感想vt. impress.使印象深刻adj. 令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的短语常见搭配：make /give an impression

3、of. 给人的印象.give sb. a/animpression 给某人.的印象leave a deep/lasting impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻的/持久的印象have/get a good/bad/deep impression of sb/sth. 对某人/某事有好的/坏的/深刻的印象ones first impression of sb/sth. 对某人/某事的第一印象a general impression 总体印象impress sb with sth. 给某人留下深刻印象be impressed with/by 对印象深刻(be)under the im

4、pression that 以为.；（通常指）误认为4. tradition. n.传统，习俗traditional. adj. 传统的traditionally. adv.传统地短语常见搭配：follow a tradition 遵循传统by tradition 根据传统习俗a traditional custom 传统习俗it is traditional (for sb.) to do sth. （对某人来说）做.是一种传统.5. moment. n.某一刻，片刻短语：at the moment. 目前，此刻from that moment on. 从那时起for a moment. 片

5、刻，一会儿（表一段时间）in a moment. 马上，很快at this/that moment. 就在这时/那时the moment(that). 一.就（相当于as soon as,引导时间状语从句）6. explore. v.探险，考察，探究，勘探n. explorer. 探险者n. exploration.探索，探险，探究短语：explore the possibility of. 探讨.的可能性explore for oil/gold. 勘探石油/黄金explore space. 探索太空explore carefully/fully/deeply. 仔细/全面/深入探究the e

6、xploration of 对的探索oil exploration. 石油勘探7. eager. adj.热切的，渴望的adv. eagerly. 热切地，渴望地n. eagerness.渴望，短语：in ones eagerness to do sth. 某人渴望做；某人急于做.hide ones eagerness. 掩饰.的渴望.with eagerness. 热切地be eager for. 渴望得到.be eager to do. 渴望做8. organize. v. 组织，整理n. organization/organization. 组织，团体；机构adj. organised.

7、 有组织的，有条理的n. organiser. 组织者短语：oaganise ones thought. 理一理思绪the World Trade Organization（WTO） 世界贸易组织 well/badly organized. 组织良好的/很糟的9. breathe. v.呼吸n. breath. 呼出的气，吸入的气；一口气adj. breathless.气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的adv. breathlessly.气喘吁吁地短语：take a deep breath. 深呼吸hold ones breath. 屏住呼吸；屏息以待out of breath. 喘不过气来catch

8、ones breath. 歇口气/缓一口气a bit/a little breathless. 有点儿喘不过气来。breathe a sigh of relief. 松一口气breathe in/out. 吸入气体/呼出气体.10. panic. n.惊恐，惊慌v. panic.（使）恐慌，使惊慌失措短语：in (a) panic. 惊慌地，在惊慌中.a moment of panic. 一时惊慌.get into a panic. 陷入恐慌（表动作）panic buying/selling. 恐慌性购买/抛售panic sb. into doing sth. 使仓促做. 11. challe

9、nge. n.挑战v. challenge.向挑战adj. challenging.富有挑战性的n. challenger. 挑战者短语：face a challenge. 面对挑战.accept/take up a challenge. 接受挑战meet a challenge. 迎接挑战.meet the challenge of. 迎接的挑战.the challenge of doing. 做的挑战12. pressure. n.压力press. v.按，压，督促，催促短语：under pressure. 在压力下the pressure of work. 工作压力reduce pres

10、sure. 减轻压力put sb under pressure. 置某人于压力之下.put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力be/come under pressure to do sth. 面临做.的压力.air/water/blood pressure. 气压/水压/血压13. calm. adj.镇静的，沉着的v. calm. 使平静，使镇定adv. calmly. 平静地，镇静地n. calmness.平静，沉着短语：keep/stay/remain calm. 保持镇静be surprisingly calm. 出人意料地平静calm down. 平静下来，镇定下来ca

11、lm sb/oneself down. 使某人/自己平静下来/镇定下来think calmly. 镇定地思考拓展： keep calm. 保持镇静（指不惊慌） keep quiet. 保持安静（指不喧闹） keep silent. 保持沉默（指不做声） keep still. 保持不动（指静止不动）14. description. n.描述，描写，叙述，形容vt. describe. 描述，描写，叙述短语：give sb a description of （向）某人描述.beyond description. 无法形容，难以描述（beyond words）a detailed/full/bri

12、ef/general description. 详细的/详尽的/简短的/大致的描述describe.as. 把描述成.15. confident. adj.有信心的，自信的，有把握的adv. confidently. 自信地n. confidence.自信，信心短语：be/feel confident about. 对有信心be/feel confident of. 对.有把握be/feel confident (that). 确信have confidence. 有自信.lose confidence. 失去信心.have confidence in. 对.有信心.lack confiden

13、ce in 对.缺乏信心.give sb confidence. 给某人信心.build up ones confidence. 建立某人的自信心with confidence. 自信地第二组1. Debate. n/v.讨论，辩论. n. debater.辩论者，辩手. under debate. 在讨论中. beyond debate. 无可争辩. a heated/lively/long debate. 一场激烈的/热烈的/长时间的讨论（辩论） a debate on/about/over. 一场关于的讨论。 have /hold/conduct a debate. 进行辩论. deba

14、te with sb on/about/over sth. （与某人）辩论/讨论.注意： debate侧重“双方各抒己见，含交锋的意思” argue侧重“说理”“论证”“企图说服”2. Stage. n.舞台，阶段，时期 on stage. 在舞台上. go on/off stage. 登上/走下舞台 take the stage. 登上舞台. reach/get to a stage. 到达某一阶段. go through a stage. 经历某一阶段. at this/that stage. 在这个/那个阶段 in an early/ a late stage. 在初期/后期3. Arg

15、ue. v.争论，争吵，争辩n. argument.争论，争吵 argue with sb. 和.争论/争吵 argue about/over. 为.争论/争吵. argue for/against (doing) sth. 赞成/反对（做） argue sb into/out of doing. 说服某人做/不做argue that. 主张/认为have an argument with sb. 与某人争论/争吵.have an argument about/over sth. 为.争论/争吵.get into an argument. 争论/争吵起来.4. Sharp. adj.敏锐的，聪

16、明的，锋利的，急剧的，剧烈的，急转方向的v. sharpen. （使）变锋利，（使）提高adv. sharply.严厉地，急剧地n. sharpener.削具a sharp mind. 敏锐的头脑.have sharp eyes. 有敏锐的眼睛.a sharp knife. 锋利的刀子.a sharp increase/fall in prices. 价格的急剧上涨/下跌.be sharp with sb. 对某人严厉.a sharp pain. 一阵剧痛.take a sharp left/right. 向左/右急转.speak sharply to sb. 斥责某人.rise sharpl

17、y. 急剧上升/上涨.5. Various. adj.各种各样的，各种不同的v. vary. 变化，相异n. variety.多样化，变化，品种.for various reasons. 出于种种原因.various ways to do sth/of doing sth. 做.的各种方法.vary from.to. 从.到.不等；在.到.之间变化vary in. 在.方面不同.vary with. 随着.而变化a variety of=varieties of=various. 各种各样的.a wide variety of 丰富多样的6. Gain. v.获得，赢得，增加，增长n. gai

18、n. 好处，利益，增加gain experience/knowledge/confidence. 获得经验/知识/信心gain ones respect/trust. 赢得.的尊敬/信任.gain weight. 体重增加.no pain, no gain. 不劳无获.a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑长一智7. apply. V.应用，申请n. application. 申请书，应用n. applicant.申请人apply(to) for. （向.）申请.apply to 把.应用于.apply to. 适用于.apply onesel

19、f to. 致力于.,专心于.be applied to 应用于.a job application. 求职申请.fill in an application form. 填写申请表8. schedule. n.计划表，进度表，日程表v.安排，安排时间，预定on schedule. 按预定时间，如期ahead of schedule. 先于计划，提前.behind schedule. 落后于计划，晚于have a tight/busy schedule. 日程安排紧.according to schedule. 根据安排.schedule for. 把.安排在be scheduled for.

20、 被安排在（某个时间）be scheduled to do sth. 被安排做.9. intelligent. adj.有智慧的，聪明的，机智的，智能的n. intelligence. 智力，智慧adv. intelligently. 聪明地artificial intellence(AI) 人工智能in terms of intelligence. 在智力方面，就智力而言10. investigate. v. 调查，研究，查明n. investigation. 调查（be）under investigation. 正在调查中conduct an investigation. 进行调查.an

21、investigation into 对.的调查an investigation report. 调查报告第三组1. award. n.奖品，奖金v. award. 授予，奖励win/get/receive an award (for sth.) （因.）赢得/获得/得到奖项.present sb with an award.(=present an award to sb.) 给某人颁奖.award sb sth.(=award sth to sb) 把.授予某人.award:指颁发的奖品，奖金，强调荣誉.prize:指在比赛，竞争或抽奖中获得的奖.reward:对某人工作或服务的回报，报酬

22、.2. opportunity. n.机会，时机.have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做.take/use/miss/lose the opportunity. 把握/利用/错过/失去机会。take advantage of an opportunity. 利用机会。give sb an opportunity. 给某人一次机会。get an opportunity. 得到一个机会。provide an opportunity. 提供一个机会。seize an opportunity. 抓住机会。3. subscribe. v.订阅（报纸或杂志）n. subsc

23、riber.订阅者n. subscription.订阅（费）subscribe to. 订阅；同意；赞同；定期捐款subscribe to a view. 赞同某一观点。subscribe to a magazine. 订阅杂志。cancel/renew a subscription. 退订/续订。4. view. n. 观点；看法；视野，视线；景色，风景v. 看待；参观in view. 在视线范围内。out of view. 在视线范围外。come into view. 进入视野。have /get a good/bad view of. 看得清/看不清in ones view=in one

24、s opinion. 在某人看来。ones view about sth. 某人对.的看法。in view of 由于，考虑到，鉴于point of view. 观点，看法。hold the view that. 持有观点。have different views. 有不同的观点。view.as. 把视为/看作.be viewed as. 被视为/看作.5. former. adj. 以前的，从前的；昔日的，前任的。in former times. 从前the former home of sb. 某人的故居。the former（两者中的）前者the latter（两者中的）后者6. gra

25、duate. v.毕业；n. （大学）毕业生n. graduation. 毕业graduate from. 毕业于（学校）graduate in 毕业于.（专业）7. frighten. vt. 使害怕，使惊吓adj. frightened. 害怕的，受惊的adj. frightening.吓人的，可怕的 be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做. be frightened to do sth. 不敢做 bbe frightened that. 害怕. frighten sb into doing sth. 吓得某人做 frighten sb out of doing

26、sth. 吓唬某人不做 frighten.away/off. 把吓走/吓跑 frighten sb to death. 把某人吓得要死 a frightening experience. 可怕的经历。 a frightened expression. 害怕的表情。it is frightening to do sth. 做.令人害怕。8. sight. n.看到，看见；视野，视力；景象；名胜at the sight of 一看见.拓展： at the thought of. 一想到.at the sound of 一听到.at first sight. 咋一看；初看时。catch sight

27、of 看见，瞥见。lose sight of. 看不见，忘记，忽略。come into sight. 进入视野。disappear from sight. 从视野中消失。in/within sight. 看得见，在视野内。out of sight. 看不见，在视野外lose ones sight. 失明。a familiar/common sight. 常见的景象。see the sights. 参观名胜。9. figure. v.认为，以为；计算n. 数字，人物；人影；身材；图形。Figure (that). 认为.Figure out. 弄清楚，弄明白；计算出（=work out） Une

28、mployment/sales/trade figures. 失业人数/销售数据/贸易数字 A leading/key figure. 领军/关键人物。 Keep ones figure. 保持身材。 Have a good figure. 身材好。10. select. v.选择，挑选n. selection. 挑选，选择；adj. selective. 认真选择的；选择性的select sb to do sth. 选择某人做select.for. 为.选择.select.as. 挑选作为.select.from. 从.中选择.be selected as. 被选为.make ones se

29、lection. 作出某人的选择a big/wide selection of. 有多种.可供选择；种类繁多的.近义词辨析：select:表示仔细挑选。choose:一般意义上的选择，可不带宾语。pick:常指随意挑选，用于选择不是很重要的事物。11. particular. adj.特定的，特指的，不寻常的，讲究的，挑剔的n. 细节adv. Particularly.尤其，特别。 in particular. 尤其，特别 pay particular attention to 特别注意. for no particular reason. 没有什么特别的原因。 be particular a

30、bout 对讲究/挑剔 nothing particular. 没什么特别的12. struggle. v/n.奋斗，拼搏.struggle with/against 与.作斗争。struggle for freedom/independence. 争取自由/独立.a struggle for survival. 为生存而奋斗.struggle to do sth. 努力做.struggle to ones feet. 挣扎着站起来.struggle on. 挣扎着坚持下去.13. improve. v. 改善，改进n. improvement. 改善，提高.improve ones livi

31、ng conditions. 改善某人的生活条件.improve on 在.方面有改善/提高.a vast improvement. 巨大的改进.14. rate. v.对.做评估，评价n. 比率.rate sb/sth highly. 对.评价高.rate sb/sth as sth. 把.视为.the birth/unemployment rate. 出生率/失业率.be rated as. 被认为是.15. performance. n.（工作或活动中的）表现；表演，演出v. perform.表现，表 演，演出。Perform well/badly. 表现得好/差16. exchange

32、. n.交换，交流，互访，调换v.交换；意见，信息等的交流；兑换in exchange for.作为的交换.exchange students. 交换生.exchange.for.以.交换.exchange sth with sb. 和某人交换.exchange ideas. 交流意见/想法近义词辨析： exchange：强调双向行为。 change:侧重单向行为。重点短语：1. keep an open mind. 持开放态度，不抱成见。keep an open mind about. 对.不抱成见。make up ones mind to do 下定决心做.keep ones mind o

33、n. 专注于，专心于keep in mind that. 记住.change ones mind. 改变主意。with.in mind. 考虑到2. deal with 对付，应付，处理；涉及，探讨；和.做生意deal with stress. 应付压力。deal with a problem. 处理问题。deal with.与how连用。do with. 与what 连用。Eg-How do you deal with the problem? =What do you do with the problem?3. go all out. 全力以赴，竭尽全力。go all out for s

34、th. 全力以赴获取.go all out to do sth. 全力以赴做give ones all. 竭尽全力，全力以赴.=do all sb can. 尽某人所能.=try ones best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力=spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做.4. give ab a hand. 帮助某人。lend sb a hand. 帮助某人。give sb a helping hand. 向某人伸出援助之手。need/want a hand. 需要帮助。on the one hand.on the other hand. 一方面另一方面.at

35、the hands of sb. 某人导致；出自某人之手。5. refer to 提到，谈到；指的是；参考，查阅；涉及，关于.refer toas 将.称为.6. look forward to(to=towards) +n/doing sth. （兴奋地）期待，盼望.含介词to的短语：belong to. 属于. be used to doing 习惯于. lead to. 导致. get down to. 开始做. stick to doing sth. 坚持做. pay attention to doing sth. 注意. refer to. 提到；参考；涉及.Unit 2 Explo

36、re English第一组1. Oppose. Vt.反对Opposing. Adj.（观点，意见等）相反的，相对的adj. opposed. 对立的opposite. Adj.相反的，对立的；prep.在.对面；n.对立面，反义词Take/have an opposing view. 持相反的观点.Oppose doing sth. 反对做.Be opposed to doing sth. 反对做.,不赞成做Be opposite to 与.相反.The opposite of. .的对立面.In the opposite direction. 在相反方向.2. Behave. V.表现，举

37、止得体n. behavior. 举止，行为Social behavior. 社会行为Ones behavior towards. 某人对的行为.Behavior problems. 行为问题.Change ones behavior. 改变某人的行为。拓展：Behave oneself. 守规矩，举止得体.Behave well/badly. 表现得好/差.Behave as if/as though. 像.Well-behaved. 表现好的.Badly-behaved. 表现差的.3. Confuse. Vt.使困惑；（将.）混淆Confusing. Adj.令人困惑的adj. confu

38、sed. 困惑的，糊涂的n. confusion.困惑，混淆.Find.confusing. 觉得.令人困惑.A confusing experience. 让人莫名其妙的经历.Confuse sb. 使某人困惑.Confuse A with B. 把A和B弄混.Be confused about 对感到困惑.Become/get confused. 变得困惑.A confused expression. 困惑的表情.To avoid confusion. 为避免混淆.In confusion. 困窘地4. Unique. Adj.独一无二的，独特的，罕见的，特有的，难得的.A unique

39、opportunity. 难得的机会.A unique talent. 奇才.Be unique to. 为.所独有.5. Alarm. N.警报器；闹钟。Vt.使害怕，使担心，使惊恐adj. alarming. 惊人的；使人惊恐的An alarm clock. 闹钟.In alarm. 惊恐地，惊慌地Raise/sound the alarm. 发出警报.Set off the alarm. 触发警报器Fire alarm. 火警An alarming increase. 惊人的增长.6. reflect. V.显示，反映；映出（影像）；反射；认真思考n. reflection.反映，反射；

40、深思reflect the views of. 反映.的意见.Reflect the fact that. 反映.这一事实Be reflected in. 反映在;映在.中Reflect light. 反射光线.Reflect on/upon. 认真思考.Be a reflection of. 是.的反映On/upon reflection. 经过考虑后.7. Create. V.创造，创作n. creativity. 创造性，创造力adj. creative.有创造力的；创造性的Develop/encourage creativity. 培养/激发创造力Create wealth. 创造财富

41、。Create new jobs. 创造新的工作岗位.Creative thinking. 创造性思维第二组1. type. n.类型，种类. vt/vi.打字n. typist. 打字员of this/that type. 这种/那种类型的a type of 一种类型的all types/kinds/sort of. 各种类型的type.into 把.键入（计算机）2. come across.=run into=meet by chance. 偶然发现，偶然遇见；被理解come about. 发生come out. 出现；开花；出版；发表；透露come to. 合计；总共come up with. 提出，想出come true. 实现，成真come over. 过来，顺便来访come on. 快点儿，开始3. unfamiliar. adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的be unfamiliar with. 对.不熟悉be unfamiliar to 为.所不熟知拓展：否定前缀:un-unusual. adj.异常的，不平常的unfold. v.展开，打开unable. adj.不会的，不能的4. contact. v.联系，联络. n.（U）联系，接触contact sb immedi