2020高考英语情态动词专题(共44张)课件.pptx

1、can a.for ability(skill/knowledge)能力能力b.for guessing（疑问，否定疑问，否定）猜测）猜测c.for request/permission 请求请求/许可许可d.for possibility 客观可能性（客观可能性（可以肯定句可以肯定句）e.used especially in expression of surprise 惊惊异，怀疑，不相信等态度异，怀疑，不相信等态度f.an offer/suggestion 提议提议Match the usage of can in the sentences.1.Jim isnt very good a

2、t math or science,but he can speak English very well._2.Can I use your computer for a while?Mine is being repaired._ 3.Experienced teachers can make mistakes._acd 4.That cant be Mary.She is in New York._5.-Can I go home?-No,you cant._ 6.How can it be true?_7.Can I help you?You can eat in a restauran

3、t if you like._8.Jogging can be harmful to health._bcefd 注意：注意：1.can 表示表示能力能力时与时与be able to do 的区别的区别 abilitymanage to do/succeed in doingHe _ swim across the river.The house was burning,but he _escape before the ceiling fell.canwas able to 注意：注意：2.句式句式(cant too怎样都不为过）怎样都不为过）You cant be too careful

4、when you cross the street.A woman cant have too many hats.3.cant help doing 忍不住做忍不住做4.as.as I/you/can 尽可能尽可能=asas possiblecould a.for ability 能力能力(past tense)b.for guessing（疑问，否定疑问，否定）猜测）猜测c.for possibility（可能性）（可能性）d.for politeness（语气的语气的委婉委婉,无过去之意无过去之意）e.Used in subjunctive mood（虚拟语气）（虚拟语气）Match t

5、he usage of could in the sentences.1.My grandfather could drive well even at the age of eighty._2.Could you please show me the way to the park?_3.London could be rather cold in summer while I stayed there._adcMatch the usage of could in the sentences.4.Could he be at home at the moment?_5.If I could

6、 solve the problem alone,I wouldnt ask you._6.If I had had more time,I could have finished the work._beemay a.for request/permission 请求请求/许可许可(比比can 正式）正式）b.for guessing（常用于肯定常用于肯定/否定句否定句）c.for wishes in subjunctive mood（虚拟语（虚拟语气表示祝愿）气表示祝愿）May God be with you!d.目的状语从句中目的状语从句中Match the usage of may i

7、n the sentences.1.May I ask you a personal question?_2.It may snow tomorrow._3.You may go home now,Susie._4.May she rest in peace._5.Mr Smith speaks English slowly in order that his students may follow him._abacdmight a.may 的过去时（猜测的过去时（猜测,目的状语从句等）目的状语从句等）b.虚拟语气虚拟语气（”也许会也许会”/“要是要是就好了就好了”表达责备）表达责备）She

8、 said that she might come late.He got up early so that he might catch the first bus.If he had got up a little earlier,he might have been in time for the train.You might have told me the truth.注意：注意：1.may 提问表示请求，许可时，提问表示请求，许可时，注意回答注意回答 通常不用通常不用may.肯定回答：肯定回答：Why not?/Certainly./Sure./Yes,please.否定回答：否

9、定回答：Im sorry,but./Im afraid.注意：注意：2.may/might 表示猜测表示猜测 may/might+动词原形动词原形 对对现在现在猜测猜测 may/might+have done 对对过去过去猜测猜测 It may/might rain tonight.He might have left it in your house.注意：注意：3.may/might as well do （had better 的委婉的委婉表达表达“不妨不妨”“还是还是为好为好”）You may as well stay at home since it is raining heavi

10、ly.must a.for necessity/an order/obligation“必须必须”（肯定句，（肯定句，疑问句）疑问句）b.for guessing(猜测，猜测，用于用于肯定句肯定句）c.“禁止禁止”（否定句否定句）d.do in spite of being unwise or unwanted （非得，偏要非得，偏要）e.必然性必然性（注定）（注定）f.劝诱劝诱Match the usage of must in the sentences.1.-We must stay at home,mustnt we?-Yes,you must./No,you neednt/No,yo

11、u dont have to._2.Man must die._3.Its ten oclock.He must be sleeping._4.Its delicious.You must have a try._ aebf 5.Look,all his stuff is gone.He must have come back last night._6.You must be joking._7.Why must you play the piano at mid-night?_8.-Must I wash the dishes at once?-Yes,you must./No,you n

12、eednt._bbda关于表示关于表示猜测猜测的情态动词的情态动词1.must 肯定句肯定句 may/might 一般一般肯定句肯定句或或否定句否定句 can/could 一般一般否定句否定句或或疑问句疑问句2.对现在猜测：情态动词对现在猜测：情态动词+be/do 对对“此时正在此时正在”猜测：情猜测：情态态动词动词+be doing 对对过去过去猜测猜测：情态动词：情态动词+have done比较比较He must be a student.（肯定句）（肯定句）He may/might be a student.（肯）（肯）He may/might not be student.（否）（否）

13、He cant/couldnt be a student.（否）（否）可能性可能性对现在猜测：情态动词对现在猜测：情态动词+be/do 比较比较He must be sleeping now（肯定句）（肯定句）He may/might be sleeping.（肯）（肯）He cant/couldnt be sleeping.（否）（否）可能性可能性“此时正在此时正在”猜测：情态动词猜测：情态动词+be doing比较比较 He succeeded in the exam.He must have worked hard.(一定努力了一定努力了）He may/might have come b

14、ack from abroad.(也许已经回来了也许已经回来了）He cant/couldnt have attended that meeting because we were togetherat that time.（不可能参加了不可能参加了）可能性可能性对过去猜测对过去猜测：情态动词：情态动词+have donewill for future tense（助动词，构成将来时）（助动词，构成将来时）情态动词用法情态动词用法a.for a will（意愿）（意愿）b.for a habit/a tendency（习惯，（习惯，倾向）倾向）c.for a request（疑问句，第二人称，

15、表疑问句，第二人称，表请求）请求）d.祈使句的反义疑问句祈使句的反义疑问句Match the usage of will in the sentences.1.She will be back in a minute._2.When I am on a bus,I will read newspapers._ 3.I am free now,but I will not help you._4.Will you pass me the salt please?_5.Come with me,will you?_ 6.Oil will float on water._将来时将来时bacdbwou

16、ld for future tense（助动词，构成（助动词，构成过去过去将来时将来时）情态动词用法情态动词用法a.委婉地提出请求，建议，和看法委婉地提出请求，建议，和看法b.强烈的意愿，主张强烈的意愿，主张c.过去的习惯过去的习惯,倾向（倾向（“过去常常过去常常”）d.虚拟语气虚拟语气 Match the usage of would in the sentences.1.She said she would be back in a minute._2.His father was angry because he wouldnt obey him._ 3.When I was a chi

17、ld,I would often go skiing._ 5.Come with me,will you?_ 6.Oil will float on water._过去将来时过去将来时bcMatch the usage of would in the sentences.4.Would you please lend me a bike?_ 5.If he had worked hard,he would have passed the exam._6.Would you mind opening the window?Would you like to go with me?_7.At th

18、at time people would starve._adacshall a.for future tense（用于第一人称主语（用于第一人称主语 I，We）b.for promisec.for rules®ulationd.for threate.for determinnation f.Shall he/she/it/they(第三人称第三人称）.?=Do you want/Would you liketo do?g.反义疑问句（反义疑问句（Lets.）h.Shall we.?f,g,h 征求征求对方对方意见（一，三人意见（一，三人称）称）Match the usage of s

19、hall in the sentences.1.We shall be sleeping at that time_2.I shall never forget the shame._3.Fine shall be paid in cash._4.Lets go now,shall we?_5.We shall get there before dark._6.Shall he come at once?_aegcafMatch the usage of shall in the sentences.7.If you cheat me,you shall never get away with

20、 it._8.Dont worry.You shall get your books next Monday._9.Shall we go to the concert tonight?_10.The law says nobody shall kill others._dbhcshoulda.To express duty/what is necessary or desirable（“应该应该”语气弱于语气弱于must/ought to）b.To express likelihood esp.a desirable result （“应该应该”表表推测推测）c.“竟然竟然”表达惊奇，差异表

21、达惊奇，差异d.should have done“本该做本该做”表责备，后悔表责备，后悔e.用于用于虚拟语气虚拟语气句式句式Match the usage of should in the sentences.1.You should apologize to him._2.Its strange/surprising/a pity/a shame that he shouldnt have been invited._3.He shouldnt have told others my secret._4.The photo should be ready by tomorrow mornin

22、g._5.I am surprised that you should speak in such a way._acdbc6.You shouldnt be so impatient with him._7.She demanded that they should leave at once._8.I should have been kinder to him when he was here._9.I dont understand why he should have made such a mistake._10.There shouldnt be any difficulty a

23、bout getting you a visa._aedcbshould 虚拟语气虚拟语气用法的总结用法的总结 对对过去过去责备，差异，惊奇，推测，无论责备，差异，惊奇，推测，无论翻译翻译“本该本该”“竟然竟然”“”“按理说按理说”都要都要should(not)+have doneI am sleepy today.I shouldnt have stayed up late last night.“本不该本不该”It is a shame that he should have cheated in the exam.“竟然竟然”Its ten oclock.The train should

24、 have already left.“按理说已经按理说已经”should 虚拟语气虚拟语气用法的总结用法的总结常见常见句式（句式（名词性从句名词性从句）Its a pity/a shame/that should do Its strange/necessary/vital/natural/.that .should do.主语主语desire/demand/insist/suggest/advise/command/request/require/recommend/order/propose/urge/.that.(should)do.（宾语从句）（宾语从句）should 虚拟语气虚拟语

25、气用法的总结用法的总结常见常见句式句式 It is suggested/ordered/required.that (should)do.（主语从句）（主语从句）My suggestion/advice/order/requirement/proposal/is that.(should)do.（表语从句）（表语从句）Youd better follow my suggestion/advice that.(should)do.（同位语从句）（同位语从句）(aux)情态情态动词，动词，后接不定式后接不定式to do“应应该该”（语气比（语气比should 强，比强，比must 弱弱）肯定形式：

26、肯定形式：You ought to come on time.否定形式：否定形式：You ought not(oughtnt)to drink too much.疑问形式：疑问形式：Ought I to go there alone?Yes,you ought(to)ought 注意注意 ought to do（“应该应该”肯否定回答可省肯否定回答可省略为略为“yes,you ought to./No,you ought not to”）ought to have done（“本应该本应该”对过去对过去事情虚拟，肯否定回答事情虚拟，肯否定回答“Yes,I ought to have./No,I

27、 ought not to have”)Ex1.-You ought to do it more carefully this time,you know?-Yes,I _.Ex2.-He failed again.-He_ (work)hard before the exam.ought to ought to have worked 1.实义动词（有时态时态和数数的变化，用助动词否定，疑问）This job needs skill and experience.I need to know the truth.Do you need more information?The car nee

28、ded to be repaired=the car needed repairing.动名词主动表被动名词主动表被动动 need 2.情态动词（无时态，数的变化，常用于否否定定和疑问疑问句）-Need I go so soon?-Yes,you must.-No,you neednt.I neednt tell him everything,need I?（情态）（情态）I dont need to tell him everything,do I?（实）（实）need neednt have done 对过去对过去虚拟语虚拟语气气“本不必本不必”Its not far from our s

29、chool to the farm.We neednt have taken a taxi last night.I can clean the room when I am free.You neednt have cleaned it by yourself.1.实义动词（有时态时态和数数的变化，用助动词否定，疑问）He didnt dare to speak to her.Do you dare to fight him?2.情态情态动词（常用否定，疑问句，有动词（常用否定，疑问句，有过去式过去式dared）dare She knew he was wrong,but she darent/dare not tell him.Not one of them dared mention this.口语表达口语表达to 可省：可省：I didnt dare(to)ask her to dance with me.dare