Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures-Reading for Writing单词讲解(ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、版本：新人教版本：新人教单元：必修单元：必修一 Unit 5(Discovering Useful Structures Reading for Writing)单词课堂本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.struggle基本义：搏斗词块：struggle with/against,struggle for/to do sth;its a struggle for sb to do sth2.tongue熟词生义：语言(词块 ones mother/native tongue)3.point of view 词块：from sbs point of view近义词：angle,viewpoint4

2、.semester英式英语是term词源：semester 直接借自德语 Smester(半学年)，即(每年两学期制大学的)学期，源自拉丁语 semestris：sex (six)+mensis(month)。进入美国英语以后，semester 指四个月长或甚至三个月长的学期，故有 the spring semester和the fall semester的说法。5.gas&petrol英式petrol，美式gas6.subway英式 underground，美式subway词块：by subway,ride/take the subway,a subway train/station 7.a

3、partment英式flat，美式apartment8.pants美式英语“长裤”“裤子”用pants，英式英语用trousers，英式英语中，pants是“内裤”“短裤”9.beg基本义：乞讨词块：I beg your pardon.派生词：beggar10.equal基本义：相同的、相等的词块：be equal to,be of equal importance/value,have no equal 派生词：equally,equality 11.gap一词多义：基本义“缺口；间隔”词块：the generation gap,gap year,age gap,bridge/narrow

4、the gap between and.12.demand构词：de-(completely 完全)+mand(order 命令、要求)词块：demand to do sth,demand that sb(should)do sth;meet/satisfy the demand of,supply and demand,in demand,on demand 派生词：demanding(词块 a demanding teacher)13.vocabulary 词块：broaden/enlarge/enrich/expand vocabulary 14.description 构词：descr

5、ibe description词块：give a description of sth=describe sth,beyond description15.relate构词：re-(back 向后、往回)+lat(to bring,carry 拿、带)+-e(动词后缀)带回 (基本义)词块：relate to词族：relate,related,unrelated,relation,relationship一词多义词族重难点词精讲一词多义一词多义equaldemand抽象名词一词多义英语释义strugglerelate6 n C 搏斗；争斗：搏斗；争斗：He died in a struggle

6、 with the attackers.单数难事：单数难事：It was a struggle for her to make him understand.奋斗；努力：奋斗；努力：Never give up without a struggle.The struggle for freedom was long and hard.struggle搏斗搏斗基本义strugglestruggle 语义网络图与人搏斗为完成某事搏斗为到达某地搏斗搏斗：争斗搏斗：争斗艰难地行进艰难地行进奋斗；努力奋斗；努力我有一个梦想，梦想这国家要高举并履行其信条的真正涵义；我们信守这些不言自明的真理：人人生而平等。

7、马丁路德金equal马丁路德金（Martin Luther King,Jr，1929 1968），美国牧师、社会活动家、黑人民权运动领袖。我有一个梦想（I have a dream）是马丁路德金于1963年8月28日在华盛顿林肯纪念堂发表的著名演讲，内容主要关于黑人民族平等，对美国甚至世界影响很大。相同的；同样的；相等的：相同的；同样的；相等的：equal in size/length/height=of equal size/length/height They believe that all work is of equal value.平等的：平等的：All human beings

8、are equal.equal adj equal语义网络图由物到人物与物之间人与人之间 相等的；同相等的；同样的；相同的样的；相同的(基本义基本义)平等的平等的 与与相等相等/平等：平等：The rent was equal to half his monthly income.与与同样出色；比得上：同样出色；比得上：The architecture here is equal to any in the world.能胜任能胜任(be up to)：He is equal to anything.该词块在高考阅读该词块在高考阅读理解中多次出现理解中多次出现be equal tobe equ

9、al to语义网络图由具体到抽象 与与相等相等/平等：平等：(基本义基本义)质量上“与与相等相等/平等平等”能力上“与与相等相等/平等平等”与与同样同样出色；比得上出色；比得上 能胜任能胜任 vi&vt 等于；比得上：等于；比得上：Three times nine equals twenty-seven.No one equals him in strength.n C 同等的人同等的人/物：物：He treats all his staff as equals.When it comes to the art of war,ants have no equal.2015 安徽词汇拓展 equ

10、ality n U 相等；平等：相等；平等：equality between the sexes racial equality equally adv 相等地；同样地；平等地：相等地；同样地；平等地：People are born equal and should be treated equally.demand n C 要求要求 a strong request or order that must be obeyed：a demand for higher wages meet/satisfy the demands of the customers(=to give them wha

11、t they are asking for)C&U 需要；需求需要；需求 the desire or need for sth/sb among a group of people：supply and demandIn America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.2018 浙江 in demand 非常需要的；受欢迎的：非常需要的；受欢迎的：While modeling business is by no means easy to get into,the good model will always be i

12、n demand.on demand正式用语一经要求正式用语一经要求构词：de-(completely 完全)+mand(order 命令、要求)demand vt (坚决坚决)要求要求 to ask for sth firmly：Taylor was able to demand very high pay for her movies.demand to do sth:She demanded to see the manager.demand+that.(should)do sth:Her teachers demanded that she wear longer skirts.注：不

13、能用demand sb to do sth。需要：This work demands care and patience.虚拟语气：从句谓语动词用should do,should可省略【词汇拓展词汇拓展】demanding adj（工作等）要求高的；费力的（工作等）要求高的；费力的 needing a lot of effort,skill,care,etc：He decided to quit his highly-paid but demanding job recently.Though the book is short,it is demanding.2011 四川（人）要求严格的；

14、苛求的 always wanting attention or expecting very high standards of people：a demanding boss/teacherrelate v 常与to连用 vt&vi(使)互有关联(connect)：The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.The chapter relates to the effects of the Internet on teenagers.vt 正式用语 叙述；讲：He related ho

15、w the accident happened.Luo Guanzhong relates the story of the three kingdoms in thisbook.vi 理解；认同：I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.词源解读词源解读relate由re-(back 回)和词根lat(to bring,carry 拿、带)+-e(动词后缀)构成。词源义和基本义是“带回”。词汇拓展 related adj 相关的；有关系的：相关的；有关系的：water-related

16、 diseases(be)related to 与与有关：有关：The“new four great inventions”are all related to Chinas high-tech innovation.中国的新四大发明：高铁、扫码支付、共享单车和网购。同族词：relate,related,relation,relationship,unrelatedrelation n C&U 关系；联系(relationship)：The relation between them is that of teacher and pupil.用复数交往；事务：He established go

17、od relations with his neighbors.C 亲属；家属(relative)：a distant relation in relation to正式用语关于；与相比：I have a lot to say in relation to this affair.Womens earnings are still low in relation to mens.抽象名词比起中文来，英文不但富于抽象名词，也喜欢用抽象名词。余光中抽象名词用来表示一种想法、精力或特性，而不是一件能触及的物品将所给名词分类：attitude,reference,system,bone,shell,a

18、ffair,struggle,apartment,demand,subway,description,symbol,determination,pants,factor,flood,effort,castle,wisdom,path,honour,glory,stress,greenhouse,economy,credit,challenge,plate,literature,responsibility,solution,behaviour,campus,impression,confidence,goal,strategy,personality,stylebone,shell,apart

19、ment,subway,pants,flood,castle,path,greenhouse,plate,campusattitude,reference,system,affair,struggle,demand,description,symbol,determination,factor,effort,wisdom,honour,glory,stress,economy,credit,challenge,literature,responsibility,solution,behaviour,impression,confidence,goal,strategy,personality,

20、style具体名词抽象名词 Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.Through such a balance,he had created a new type of Chinese architecture,said Tadao Ando,the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at

21、 museums.“That is only evidence that traditions once existed,”he said.“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions.They think tradition means old things from the past.In fact,tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created,”he said.“Today,

22、many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions.Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,”said Wang.2018年全国III卷阅读理解C篇节选学习抽象名词很重要本单元金句汇总1.Tina struggled up the stairs with a heavy suitcase.2.It was a struggl

23、e for her to make him understand.3.Never give up without a struggle.4.When it comes to the art of war,ants have no equal.5.People are born equal and should be treated equally.6.Her teachers demanded that she wear longer skirts.7.This work demands care and patience.8.The“new four great inventions”are

24、 all related to Chinas high-tech innovation.随堂检测一、在空白处填入一、在空白处填入1 1个个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.It was a real struggle _(be)ready on time.2.India attained independence(获得独立)in 1947,after _ long struggle.(2013 全国)3.Many students will struggle _(find)a sense of belonging after entering college.

25、(2016 北京改)4.Like it or not,our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle _ money.(2011 安徽)5.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle _ debt and misfortune.(2019 天津)ato beto findstruggleforagainst/with26二、翻译下列句子。二、翻译下列句子。1.In 1862 the American slaves won their struggle for freedom._2.It w

26、as a hard struggle to get my work done in time._3.千千万万的人在挣扎求存。_Millions of people are struggling for survival.为按时完成为按时完成工作工作，我做了一番努力。，我做了一番努力。18621862年美国黑奴赢得了争取自由的斗争。年美国黑奴赢得了争取自由的斗争。一、根据所给汉语用适当的词块完成下列句子。一、根据所给汉语用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Sixty minutes _(等于)an hour.2.All the beach houses are _(大小一样).3.You can on

27、ly exchange it for something else _(同等价值的).(2010 上海)4.Armstrong _(没谁比得上)when it came to playing the American popular song.5.Men and women must _(被平等地对待)in education and employment.(2014 陕西)of equal value equal in sizehad no equal is equal to/equalsbe treated equallyequal二、翻译下面各句中的画线部分。二、翻译下面各句中的画线部分

28、。1.All men were equal at birth.(2010 江西)_2.Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories._3.Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal._4.Fitness is important in sport,but of at least equal importance are skills._生而平等生而平等 比得上比得上成为和他们一

29、样受尊敬的人成为和他们一样受尊敬的人 至少同等重要的至少同等重要的一一、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。1.It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella _(需要时).(2013 山东)2._(应观众的强烈要求),the play will/would be put on in the theatre twice a week.(2012 湖北)3.The Harry Potter books are quite popular;they are _(大受欢迎)in this c

30、ity.(2012 全国)4.More wind power stations will spring up to _(满足对的需求)clean energy.(2019 江苏)5.When your child _(要求你买)something,explain why you really dont want to buy it.on demand In response to the audiences great demandin great demanddemandmeet the demand for demands that you buy 二二、翻译下列句子。、翻译下列句子。1.

31、如有任何需要，我很乐意帮忙。(2015 天津书面表达)_2.在中国对理科毕业生的需求大于文科毕业生。(2012 安徽书面表达)_ If there is any demand,I would be very happy to help.Science graduates are in greater demand than arts ones in China.relate一、根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。1.I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.(2011 北京)_2.He l

32、ater related the whole story to me._二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.The chapter relates _ the effects of the Internet on teenagers.2.Wealth is seldom _(relate)to happiness.3.The _(relate)between them is that of teacher and pupil.三、根据所给汉语及提示完成下列句子。Traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations _(与密切相关)public order.(related)(2015 江苏改)to叙述叙述/讲述讲述理解理解relatedrelation/relationshipclosely related to 谢谢观赏