Welcome unit Discovering Useful Structures(ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、 Learn to know the basic sentence structures of English.Learn to analyze the structure of the sentences from the text.How do you express your ideas,by sentences or words?Sentences.S subjectV verbO objectP predicativeDO direct object IO indirect objectC object complementmain elementsadverbialattribut

2、iveused to modify a word or sentence The car runs fast.She is kind.Eight is a lucky number in China.Swimming is my favorite.To see is to believe.What we need is time.It is necessary to master a foreign language.名词名词 动名词动名词 动词不定式动词不定式 代词代词 数词数词 主语从句主语从句 it:it:形式主语形式主语1.Find out the subjects in the fo

3、llowing sentences and think about their functions.主主语：句子叙述的主体，语：句子叙述的主体，动作的发出者。动作的发出者。He reads a book.The boy likes English.I dont like the picture on the wall.The river flows.The sun rises.2.Think about the functions of the underlined verbs.vt.vt.及及物动词物动词 vt.vt.及及物动词物动词 vi.vi.不不及物动词及物动词 vi.vi.不不及物动

4、词及物动词 vt.vt.及及物动词物动词谓谓语：说明主语的动作或状态，一般由动语：说明主语的动作或状态，一般由动词或动词短语充当。词或动词短语充当。谓语也可以由多个单词充当：谓语也可以由多个单词充当：构成构成特殊的时态，用法（以下是常见的特殊的时态，用法（以下是常见的4 4种）种）被动：被动：be+过去分词过去分词（附动词不规则变化表）（附动词不规则变化表）is killed,was finished 完成时：完成时：has/havehadhad+过去分词过去分词 has finished have killed 情态动词情态动词（+动词原形）动词原形）：may do，can do，must

5、do will do，would do，might do 进行时进行时 be+v.ing 现在分词现在分词 （与动名词区别）（与动名词区别）is sleeping 1.They saw an exhibition yesterday.2.How many dictionaries do you have?I have five.3.She wants to join the club.4.I enjoyed listening to popular music.5.I think he is fit for his office.6.People find it important to ge

6、t a good education.7.He told us a story.3.Underline the objects.名词名词数词数词动词不定式动词不定式 动动名名词词 宾语从句宾语从句 形式宾语形式宾语间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语4.linking-verbI am happy.The day turns long.He gets angry.He seems ill.It remains a mystery.-后跟表语，构成系表结构，表示主语的状后跟表语，构成系表结构，表示主语的状态、身份、特征等态、身份、特征等常见的系动词：常见的系动词：1.be 动动词词：am,is,a

7、re2.状态类系动词：状态类系动词：stay,keep,remain,get 等等3.感官系动词：感官系动词：feel,smell,taste,sound等等4.变化类系动词：变化类系动词：get,become,grow,go,turn等等5.“看起来，似乎看起来，似乎”系动词：系动词：seem,look,appearShe is a doctor.The cloth feels soft.His favorite sport is running.Your task is to find out the cost.The helper is him.The lucky number in C

8、hina is eight.She is in the room.名词名词 形容词形容词 动名词动名词 代词代词不定式不定式数词数词介词短语介词短语5.Think about what kind of words the underlined words follow and their functions.表表语：用在系动词后，表示主语的状态，性质，特征等。语：用在系动词后，表示主语的状态，性质，特征等。1.His father named him Terry.2.They painted their boat white.3.Let the fresh air in.4.We saw hi

9、m entering the room.5.We found everything in good order.6.She thinks her a good teacher.7.I will have my hair cut tomorrow morning.6.Think about the usage of the underlined words.宾补宾补：补充说明宾语的动作或状态。：补充说明宾语的动作或状态。7.Think about the functions of the underlined words.Guilin is a beautiful city.China is a

10、 developing country;America is a developed country.There are thirty women teachers in our school.His progress in English made us surprised.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.He is reading an article that was written by his father.形容词形容词 现在分词现在分词 名词名词不定式不定式数词数词介词短语介词短语 过去分词过去分词定定从

11、从定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的成分。定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的成分。1.The old man walked slowly.2.The sea was extraordinarily calm that morning.3.You did it quite well.4.Surprisingly,she passed the driving test.8.Think about what part of the sentence the underlined words are used to modify?状语：状语：1.1.修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句

12、子。1.How about meeting again at six?2.Last night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain.3.I shall go there if it doesnt rain.4.Mr.Smith lives on the third floor.5.She put the eggs into the basket with great care.6.She sat there,reading a book.7.In order to catch up with the others,I must

13、 work harder.8.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.9.she works very hard though she is old.10.I am taller than he is.状语状语:2.:2.用来说明：用来说明：时间时间原因原因条件条件地点地点方式方式伴随伴随目的目的结果结果让步让步比较比较主谓主谓：主语主语+谓语谓语(SV)。谓语一般是不及物动词。谓语一般是不及物动词。eg Linda smiled.The baby is sleeping.主系表：主系表：主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语(SP)。eg

14、 They are friends.The dish smells good.简单句基本句型简单句基本句型 主谓宾：主谓宾：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语(SVO)。谓语是及物动词。谓语是及物动词。eg Mike will fix everything.Jeff loves swimming.主谓宾宾：主谓宾宾：主语主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语(SVOO)。谓语是。谓语是可跟双宾语的及物动词。可跟双宾语的及物动词。eg Alex gave his sister the piano.Mary handed me the letter.While-classSVIODO(主语谓

15、语间接宾语直接宾语)通常情况下，间接宾语(通常指人)位于直接宾语(通常指物)的前面，但有时根据需要，间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，这时要在间接宾语前加to或for。常用于该句型的动词有give，show，send，bring，read，pass，lend，leave，hand，tell，return，write，throw，make，buy，do，get，order，sing，pay等。I gave her a present.I gave a present to her.我给了她一件礼物。I bought him a pen.I bought a pen for him.我给他买了一支钢笔。主

16、谓宾补：主谓宾补：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+补语补语(SVOC)。谓语是可跟复合。谓语是可跟复合宾语的及物动词。宾语的及物动词。eg I found the book easy.They called their daughter Amy.There be：There+be+主语主语+其它。主语是其后的名词，其它。主语是其后的名词，be动动词形式根据主语的单复数而定。除词形式根据主语的单复数而定。除be外，外，sound,look,seem,appear,lie,stand等，也可用于此结构。等，也可用于此结构。eg There is a book on the table.There s

17、eems to be something wrong with me.While-classSVOOC(主语谓语宾语宾语补足语)宾语补足语部分可以为形容词、名词、不定式、分词等形式。常用于该句型的动词(短语)有call，name，make，think，find，leave，see，watch，look at，listen to，hear，feel，let，have，get，keep，allow，need，want，ask等。其中宾语与宾语补足语统称为复合宾语。We call him Jack.我们叫他杰克。I found the movie interesting.我觉得这部电影很有意思。Th

18、ey asked me to help them.他们让我帮助他们。There be+Subject 高中高中有很多可以探索的东西。Theres a lot to explore at senior high.楼上楼上有一家很好的餐馆。There is a good restaurant on the upper floor.公园里公园里有很多花。There are many flowers in the park.there be 有有(存在存在)have 有有(拥有拥有)There be+n./pron.由由SV和和SVO扩展：扩展：主谓状：主谓状：主语主语+谓语谓语+状语状语(SVA)。

19、谓语为不及物动词。谓语为不及物动词。eg He talked too much.主谓宾状：主谓宾状：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+状语状语(SVOA)。eg I had my first maths class at senior high school.【语境应用语境应用】写出句子结构类型。写出句子结构类型。1)Everybody smiled.2)The car caught fire.3)Did the milk turn sour?4)He bought his wife a dress.5)Roy found his new job rather boring.6)Your brot

20、her got up at 10 oclock.7)I havent seen Daniel for long.8)Are there any gardens in the town?SVSVOSPSVOOSVOCSVASVOAthere be完成句子。完成句子。1)There _(be)an English corner in our school.2)There _(be)a number of students coming from foreign countries.3)There _(be)much time for us to think of a good idea.4)There _(be)a child and a couple in the room.isareisis基本句型：基本句型：一、主谓一、主谓 SV二、二、主主(系系)表表 SP三、主谓宾三、主谓宾 SVO四、主谓宾宾四、主谓宾宾 SVOO五、主谓宾补五、主谓宾补 SVOC六、主谓状六、主谓状 SVA七、主谓宾状七、主谓宾状 SVOA八、八、there be结构结构