Unit 4 Natural disasters 重点词汇讲解(ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Unit 4 Natural Disasters课前预习课前预习Oral pratice:1.2008年年5月月8日，汶川发生地震吗？日，汶川发生地震吗？Did Wenchuan Earthquake happen on May 5th,2008?2.地震前会有什么征兆吗？地震前会有什么征兆吗？What would happen before an earthquake?3.如何在地震发生时保证自己的安全？如何在地震发生时保证自己的安全？How to keep yourself safe when an earthquake happen？1._ n.影响影响;效果效果 _adj.有效的有效的

2、 _ adv.有效地有效地2._ adj.长的长的;长期的长期的 _ n.长度长度 _ v.使变长使变长3._ vi.死亡死亡 _ adj.死去的死去的;失去生命的失去生命的;枯萎的枯萎的 _ adj.临终的临终的;临死的临死的 _ adj.致命的致命的 adv.极其极其 _ n.死亡死亡4._ n.震惊震惊 vt.震惊震惊 _ adj.令人震惊的令人震惊的 _ adj.感到震惊的感到震惊的5._ v.呼吸呼吸 _ n.呼吸的空气呼吸的空气;呼吸呼吸6._ v.复活；复活；(使使)苏醒苏醒 _ n.振兴振兴;复苏复苏7._ vt.影响影响;(疾病疾病)侵袭侵袭;深深打动深深打动 _ n.感情感

3、情;喜爱喜爱8._ adj.电的电的;电动的电动的 _ n.电；电能电；电能9._ adj.充满智慧的充满智慧的 _ adv.明智地明智地 _ n.智慧智慧;才智才智10._ v.(火山火山)爆发爆发;(岩浆、烟等岩浆、烟等)喷出喷出 _ n.长长(萌萌)出出,喷溢喷溢11._vt.遭受遭受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦受苦 _ n.痛苦痛苦12._vi.生存生存 vt.幸存幸存 _ n.生还者生还者 _ n.生存生存;幸存幸存13._ n.电力供应电力供应;力量力量;控制力控制力 _ adj.强大的强大的;有影响力的有影响力的14._ n.总和总和 v.总结总结 _

4、总结总结;概括概括 _ n.总结总结15._ v.递送递送;传达传达 vt.发表发表 _ n.传送传送;交付交付;递送递送;分娩分娩lengtheneffecteffectiveeffectivelylonglengthshockeddiedeaddyingdeadlydeathshockshockingelectricitybreathebreathreviverevivalaffectaffectionelectricwisewiselywisdomerupteruptionsuffersufferingsurvivesurvivorsurvivalpowerpowerfuldeliver

5、ysumsummarize/-isesummarydeliver1._ 急救箱急救箱2._ 火山喷发火山喷发3._飞机失事飞机失事4._ 震惊；吃惊震惊；吃惊5._ 似乎；好像似乎；好像6._ 露天；在户外露天；在户外7._ 消灭；彻底消除消灭；彻底消除8._ 现有现有(尤指帮助尤指帮助)9._ 严重受损严重受损10._ 冷静下来冷静下来first aid kitvolcanic eruptionair crashin shockas ifin the open air11._ 罢工罢工12._ 重新站起来重新站起来13._ 生效；开始实施生效；开始实施14._ 被困在被困在15._ 专心于专

6、心于16._ 大量涌入；充满大量涌入；充满17._ 遭受遭受 18._ 以防万一以防万一sweep awayon handin ruinscalm downon strikeget back upin case ofcome into effectbe trapped inbe buried inbe flooded withsuffer from一、单句语法填空 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。1.Dance expresses love and hate,joy and sorrow,life and _ (die),and everything else in between.2.The

7、 wind blew none-stop,and all the food I ate,and the very air I _(breathe),were filled with sand,sand,sand!3.Im older and _(wise)after ten years in the business.4.This war has caused widespread human _(suffer).5.For a sudden heart failure,the single best chance for _ (survive)is having someone nearby

8、 step in and do CPR(心肺复心肺复苏苏)quickly.6.The villagers were _(power)against the rising flood water.7.Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national _(emerge).deathbreathed sufferingwiserpowerlesssurvivalemergency8.Once the book youve requested _(deliver)to the nearest branch,they

9、 will inform you by e-mail,so you can pick it up.9.“Although these measures are not _(effect)forever,they are vital for now,”he says.10.The _(long)track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk,which is about five miles longer than the marathon.is delivered longesteffecti

10、ve重点词汇重点词汇cause/do damage to 对对造成伤害造成伤害1.damage vt 损害；破坏损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失损坏；损失 _ adj.被损坏的被损坏的 _ adj.有害的；造成破坏的有害的；造成破坏的 1.The accident caused some _ to my car,but its nothing serious.2.Smoking seriously _ your healthy.damagedamageddamaging damagesbe greatly/deeply affected by 被被深深打动；被深深打动；被深深影响深深影响affect

11、 sb to tears 把某人感动得流泪把某人感动得流泪2.affect vt.影响；影响；(疾病疾病)侵袭；深深打动侵袭；深深打动1.I feel much _(affect)for my mum,whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.2.What he said and did _me to tears(affect)3.We were deeply affected by the film and couldnt hold back tears.=_,we couldnt hold back tears.(分词短分词短

12、 语作状语语作状语)_ vt.影响影响;(疾病疾病)侵袭侵袭;深深打动深深打动 _ n.感情感情;喜喜爱爱;感染感染affectaffectionaffectedDeeply affected by the filmaffection3.ruin n.&vt.破坏；损坏破坏；损坏be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪成为废墟；破败不堪ruin ones future/health 毁掉某人的前程毁掉某人的前程/健康健康 1.(2016北京北京,阅读理解阅读理解B,)When they returned to Rockaway the next day,they found thei

13、r neighborhood in (ruin).2.He made a mistake,which ruined his chance of going abroad.He made a mistake,_.(动词动词-ing形式短语作状语形式短语作状语)ruinsruining his chance of going abroad 4.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使使)震惊震惊_ adj.令人震惊的令人震惊的 _ adj.感到震惊的感到震惊的shockedshockingbe shocked at/by 对对感到震惊感到震惊be shocked

14、 to do sth 因某事而吃惊因某事而吃惊1.这个消息让这个可怜的女孩震惊了，她开始哭了起来。这个消息让这个可怜的女孩震惊了，她开始哭了起来。The news _to the poor girl and she started to cry.2.I looked at my husband_ shock,waiting for him to tell me that I misunderstand everything.3.So many people were injured or died in the earthquake.All of us were shocked._ so ma

15、ny people were injured or died in the earthquake.(what引导的主语从句；引导的主语从句；shock vt.)was a great shock inWhat shocked all of us was thatbury ones face in hands 双手掩面双手掩面bury oneself in 埋头于；沉浸于埋头于；沉浸于be buried in 埋头于；专心于埋头于；专心于5.bury vt.埋葬；安葬埋葬；安葬1._(bury)in his study,he wasnt aware that all the others had

16、 left.2._(bury)his face in his hands,he tried to control his weeping.3.当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。2022临沂，读后续写临沂，读后续写-动动 作描写作描写 She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.Buried Burying 表示表示“专心于专心于”且与且与“be buried in”结构类似的表达还有：结构类似的表达还有：be _ in=lose oneself in 沉迷于；全神贯

17、注于沉迷于；全神贯注于be _ in=absorb oneself in 全神贯注于全神贯注于be _ to=devote oneself to致力于；献身于致力于；献身于focus/concentrate _ 全神贯注于全神贯注于devotedlostabsorbedon6.breathe vi.&vt.呼吸呼吸 _ _n.呼吸；气息呼吸；气息 _ adj.气喘吁吁的气喘吁吁的breath breathlessbreathe deeply=take a deep breath 深呼吸深呼吸hold ones breath 屏住呼吸屏住呼吸out of breath 气喘吁吁；上气不接下气气喘

18、吁吁；上气不接下气Tom 深吸一口气，然后开始了他的演讲深吸一口气，然后开始了他的演讲。读后续写读后续写-动作描写动作描写Tom took a deep breath and then began his speech.Taking a deep breath,Tom began his speech.make an effort/make efforts作出努力作出努力spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事不遗余力做某事make every effort to do sth 尽一切努力做某事尽一切努力做某事7.effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力努力；艰难的尝

19、试；尽力(2020全国卷全国卷书面表达书面表达)My English teacher spares no effort _(help)me with my English.The local clubs are making _effort to interest more young volunteers.Another reason why we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes_.另一个我们永不放弃的原因是：只有尽一切努力，我们才另一个我们永不放弃的原因是：只有尽一切努力，我们才 能从错误中学习。能从错

20、误中学习。to helpan only if we make every effort8.supply n.供应供应(量量);补给；补给；pl.补给品补给品 vt.供应供应;供给供给in short supply 供应不足；短缺供应不足；短缺supply sb with sth=supply sth to sb给某人提供某物给某人提供某物2021全国乙卷全国乙卷For the biggest stadiums in the world,we have used data _(supply)by the World Atlas list so far.政府在地震后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和

21、衣服。政府在地震后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和衣服。(supply)The government _ the local people since the earthquake occurred.The government _ since the earthquake occurred.suppliedhas supplied plenty of food and clothes tohas supplied the local people with plenty of food and clothes9.survive vi.生存；存活；继续存在生存；存活；继续存在 vt.幸存；艰难

22、度过；比幸存；艰难度过；比活得长活得长 _ n.幸存者；生还者幸存者；生还者 _ n.幸存；残存物幸存；残存物 survivorsurvival(2021全国甲卷全国甲卷)The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that _(survive)Chinas long history.I dont know how you all manage to survive _Jeremys salary.As far as I know，the old lady survived her husband _5 years.survive fro

23、m sth 从从中存活下来中存活下来survive on sth 靠某物存活下来靠某物存活下来A survive B(by.)A比比B活得长活得长()has survivedonbybe struck by/with 被被击中击中It strikes sb thatIt occurs to sb that 某人突然想到某人突然想到10.strike vi.&vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打侵袭；突击；击打 n.罢工；罢课；袭击罢工；罢课；袭击Struck1._(strike)by the beauty of the West Lake,we stopped

24、 to admire it.2.我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。1)_ the phone number I had told them was wrong.(strike)2)_ the phone number I had told them was wrong.(occur)3)_ the phone number I had told them was wrong.(hit)It struck me that It occurred to me that It hit me that come/go into effect 生效生效have

25、an effect on/upon 对对有影响有影响bring/put sth into effect 使使生效；实施生效；实施11.effect n.影响；结果；效果影响；结果；效果 _adj.有效的有效的 _ adv.有效地；生效地有效地；生效地effective effectively2021全国乙卷全国乙卷Since the _(effect)were small,this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence.2020北京卷北京卷Peo

26、ple who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more _(effect).李白一生创作了大量的优秀诗歌李白一生创作了大量的优秀诗歌,对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。During his lifetime,Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems，_effectseffectivelyall of which have a great effect on Chinese culture1.(P50)Mice ran out of

27、the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠跑老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所。到田外，寻找藏身之所。说明说明 现在分词表示主动，所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的现在分词表示主动，所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作动作同时或者几乎同时发生同时或者几乎同时发生，是对谓语动词所表示的动作或状，是对谓语动词所表示的动作或状态的补充说明。态的补充说明。句型句型 句子句子+(,)+doing sth1.Dsvid sat at the table _(do)his homework.2._(be)ill,Jane didnt go to work yesterday.doin

28、gBeing重点句型重点句型2.(P50)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！仿佛世界末日即将来临！句型句型 It seemed as if 似乎；好像似乎；好像When a pencil is partly put into water，it looks as if it _(be)broken.The teacher just stared at me as if he _(know)everything about the incident.The football player is rolling on

29、 the ground as if _(hurt)badly in the leg.2021浙江卷浙江卷6月，读后续写月，读后续写靠近房子的时候，我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车靠近房子的时候，我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车 旁边，一脸悲伤。好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。旁边，一脸悲伤。好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。Upon approaching the house,I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck,looking sad._werehad knownhurtIt seemed as if something unplea

30、sant happened与现在事实不符与现在事实不符与过去事实不符与过去事实不符真实的真实的当于当于as though，意为，意为“似乎，好像似乎，好像”，用在，用在seem，look等系动词之后引导表语从句。等系动词之后引导表语从句。Homework翻译句子：1.你所说或所做的每一件事都会对别人产生影响。你所说或所做的每一件事都会对别人产生影响。(have an effect on)What you say or do will have an effect on others.2.当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。(bury)She buried her

31、 face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.3.我突然想起我突然想起来明来明天在上海有一个重要的会议。天在上海有一个重要的会议。(It strick me that)It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day.4.孩子们对她很友好，甚至把她当亲生母亲一样尊敬她。孩子们对她很友好，甚至把她当亲生母亲一样尊敬她。(as if)The kids are very friendly with her and even look up to her as if she were their own mother.5.他父亲离世，使他家更贫穷。（他父亲离世，使他家更贫穷。（leave)His father died,leaving the family even worse off.