青岛科技大学考研专业课试题2016基础英语.doc

1、青 岛 科 技 大 学二一六年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：基础英语注意事项：1本试卷共 6 道大题，满分 150 分；2本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上或草纸上均无效。要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；3必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。 Part I Vocabulary (15 points) Directions: In this part, there are 15 sentences with 15 blanks. You are required to choosean appropriate word from the list to

2、 fill in each of the blanks. Change the form wherenecessary. Use each word only once.prejudice spectacle reverie linger humiliate oblivious gigantic demolish renowned erect martyr incessant shiver agitate heinous 1. In those strange old times, when fantastic dreams and madmens _were realized among t

3、he actual circumstances of life, two persons met together at an appointed hour and place.2. However wet the road, whatever the visibility in mist or fog, some motorists drive at ridiculous speeds _of police warnings or speed restrictions.3. Early Christians saw Valentines Day as a way to honor St. V

4、alentine, who was _ on February 14 because he outlawed marriage for young men - his crop of potential soldiers.4. Severe snowstorms have wreaked havoc on traffic throughout the country, creating _passenger backups, spawning accidents and leaving at least 24 people dead.5. _and discrimination are par

5、t of American history, however, this prejudicial treatment of different groups is nowhere more unjust than with black Americans.6. You who have eyes can see any you like. How many of you, I wonder, when you gaze at a play, a movie, or any _, realize and give thanks for the miracle of sight which ena

6、bles you to enjoy its color, grace, and movement?7. Twelve hours a day for twenty years together. The poor ballet dancer must devote years of _ toil to her profitless task before she can shine in it.8. Winter often _; autumn could be ushered in by severe frost. For good measure, during the spring an

7、d summer, drought, heat, hail, grasshoppers, and other frustrations might await the wary grower. 9. The fight reaches a climax; the despairing slave meets his destined death giving one last _of agony as his blood stains the stage.10. During this controversy Edward appeared restless and impatient, _

8、by some internal feeling, but whether of joy, grief, or expectation, his face did not expressly declare.11. “To ensure the narrators thoughts and languages flowed smoothly, I avoided any questions suggestive of my own opinion.” the writer says. His book won support from a host of _writers and vetera

9、n journalists.12. During times of stress, daydreaming _a temporary shield against reality, in much the same way that building a house protects our bodies from the natural surroundings. 13. Animal cruelty is a _act punishable by law in every state, but in recent years, there has been increasing recog

10、nition of the link between animal cruelty and violence to other humans as well.14. Nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world and _the environment. 15. One must not _people-that is the chief thing. Better say to man My an

11、gel than hurl Fool at his head-though men are more like fools than they are like angels.Part II Cloze (15 points) Directions: In this part, you will read a passage with 15 marked blanks. For each blank, there will be four possible words or phrases to fill in. Choose the best one and write your choic

12、e on the Answer Sheet. The homeless make up a growing percentage of Americas population. _1_ homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments cant possibly _2_. To help homeless people toward independence, the federal government must support job training programs, _3_ the minimum wag

13、e, and fund more low-cost housing._4_ everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless. Estimates _5_ anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. _6_ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is _7_. One of the federal governments studies _8_ that t

14、he number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.Finding ways to _9_ this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. Even when homeless individuals manage to find a _10_ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good nu

15、mber still spend the bulk of each day _11_ the street. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others, while not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday _12_ skills need

16、ed to turn their lives around. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are _13_ programs that address the many needs of the homeless. As Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, _14_ it, “There has to be _15

17、_ of programs. Whats needed is a package deal.”1. A. Indeed B. Likewise C. Therefore（A） D. Furthermore2. A. stand B. cope C. approve（B） D. retain3. A. raise B. add C. take（A） D. keep4. A. generally B. almost C. hardly（D） D. not5. A. cover B. change C. range（C） D. differ6. A. Now that B. Although C.

18、Provided（B） D. Except that7. A. inflating B. expanding C. increasing（C） D. extending8. A. predicts B. displays C. proves（A） D. discovers9. A. assist B. track C. sustain（A） D. dismiss10. A. lodging B. shelter C. dwelling（B） D. house11. A. searching B. strolling C. crowding（D） D. wandering12. A. life

19、B. existence C. survival（C） D. maintenance13. A. complex B. comprehensive C. complementary （B）D. compensating14. A. puts B. interprets C. assumes（A） D. makes15. A. supervision B. manipulation C. regulation（D） D. coordinationPart III Identifying Rhetorical Devices (10 points)Directions: In this part,

20、 there are 10 sentences for identification of the rhetorical means employed in them. You are required to choose the correct rhetorical device used in each of the following sentences or the underlined parts and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. It is now an axiom in many fields of science tha

21、t more new and important discoveries have taken place in the last ten years than in the entire previous history of science. A. Loose Sentence B. Periodical Sentence C. Parallel Structure D. Transferred Epithet 2. Energy costs will be cut by a computerized device that will direct heat to living areas

22、 where it is needed, and turn it down where it is not. A. Metonymy B. Metaphor C. Antithesis D. Pun 3. Computer technology may make the car, as we know it, a Smithsonian antique. A. Antonomasia B. Onomatopoeia C. Euphemism D. Paradox 4. The American society saw a gnawing poverty during the year of t

23、he Great Depression. A. Simile B. Alliteration C. Transferred Epithet D. Synecdoche 5. The gentleman in me made me stand up to go away, but the journalist in me made me stand still. A. Understatement B. Paradox C. Pun D. Synecdoche 6. Then clatter, clatter up the stairs. Jonnie knocked at her door.

24、A. Antonomasia B. Metaphor C. Onomatopoeia D. Pun 7. My car was really stubborn this morning. She refused to start. A. Synecdoche B. Metonymy C. Personification D. Irony 8. If you love her, bring her to New York, for it is a Heaven. If you hate her, bring her to New York, for it is a Hell. A. Climax

25、 B. Alliteration C. Antithesis D. Inversion 9. We are poor, we are very poor, we are very, very poor, as poor as a church mouse. A. Climax B. Antithesis C. Parallelism D. Metaphor 10. We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with Gods help, we have

26、 rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke. A. Parallelism B. Onomatopoeia C. Antithesis D. Rhyme Part IV Reading Comprehension （40 points)Directions: In this part, there are four passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of the

27、m there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the best choice and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneIs language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederickin t

28、he thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent. All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good

29、 mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals o

30、f the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and the language might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow and har

31、d once the critical stage has passed.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve

32、months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar.Recent evidence

33、 suggests that an infant is born with the capacity of speaking. What is special about mans brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern “toy-bear”. And even more incredible is the young b

34、rains ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the

35、 childs babbling, grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the childs non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of langu

36、age.1.What is the purpose of the drastic experiment of Frederick in the 13th century?. A. To prove that a baby couldnt live without his mother. B. To discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech. C. To find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child t

37、o speak. D. To prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language.2. Today some children are backward in speaking because _. A. they are incapable of learning language rapidly B. they are faced with so much language at once C. their mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to spea

38、k D. their brain is not programmed to learn language rapidly3. If a child starts to speak later than other normal children, he will _ in the future. A. have a high IQ B. be insensitive to verbal signals C. be less intelligent D. not necessarily be backward4. Compared with the brain of the monkey, hu

39、mans brain is a complex system which enables a child _. A. to be born with the capacity of singing B. to see things more clearly than animals C. to connect the sight and the feel with the sound word D. to run faster than animals5. Which of the following can NOT be inferred from the passage? A. The f

40、aculty of speech is inborn in man. B. Mother plays an important role in man. C. Insensitivity of the mother to the infants signals will cause them to learn nothing about language. D. The childs brain is highly selective.Passage TwoIf books had never been discovered, man would have found some other w

41、ay of recording his communication. But then, for our consideration, we should include as books everything that is a written record. This would include tablets, papyrus and anything else - including computer diskettes. In the case of music, it would be impossible to think that man can live without it

42、. Looking at primitive cultures, it appears that music is actually a part of the human psyche. When two things are knocked together, music is produced. So for the sake of our discussion, it is intended to restrict the meaning of music to the popularly accepted concept. Music is the pleasing combinat

43、ion of sounds that we like to listen to. Though it is difficult to, we can pretend that these things never existed. In this case we would not miss them today. To compare with recent inventions, let us look at radio and television. Though we cannot think of life without them today, this is so only fr

44、om comparatively recent times. There are many of us living today who had seen a time when there was no television. They will tell us that life was not that much different. The same is probably true of radio. But books are a different thing because they, or something akin to them, began thousands of

45、years ago. In the case of music, it goes back even further - perhaps to millions of years, we may be able to imagine a world which never saw books, because books are a human invention. However, in the case of music this does not seem possible. Pleasing sounds are all around us; like the singing of t

46、he birds and the whistling of the wind. Music just seems to be inborn in us and in the world around us. If books did not exist, the world will be a poorer place indeed. Great philosophies like Platos would become unknown and all the pleasures and lessons we could get from them will be lost forever. Then there is literature lik