三峡大学考研专业课试题791综合英语2016.doc

1、第1页 共 11 页三 峡 大 学2016年研究生入学考试试题（A卷）考试科目代码： 791 科目名称：综合英语 考试时间：3小时 试卷面总分：150分 （答案必须写在答题纸上）. Choose the right one from A. B. C. D for each blank:(20分)请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号!1. Linda _ the famous director into giving her a leading role in one of his plays and she became instantly successful. A. cheated B.

2、coaxed C. attracted D. tempted2. Lydia was very _ of her twin sister Lucys good achievements in school, and decided to catch up with her.A. envious B. happy C. pleased D. jealous3. While most scientists grant that _ life may well exist elsewhere in the universe, a convincing photograph of a UFO has

3、yet to be taken.A. important B. intelligent C. clever D. intellectual4. Now the new engine is _ more and more public attention.A. receiving B. accepting C. obtaining D. focusing5. This encyclopedia is the most _ book I have ever read, for it gives me lots of knowledge.A. educating B. fascinating C.

4、enlightening D. Instructing6. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often _, or better than an actual performance. A. as good B. as good as C. good D. good as7. If you are under 18, you are not _ to join this club. A. legitimate B. legible C. eligible D. permissive8. Twenty dollars w

5、ill _ the total expenses. A. spend B suit C. cost D. cover9. I spoke to him, but he was too _ to hear what I said.A. preoccupied B. concentrated C. absent-minded D. thoughtful10. Being handicapped, he was _ the chance of entering college.第2页共11 页 A. refused B. declined C. denied D. rejected11. There

6、 was a teapot fashioned like a China duck, out of open mouth the tea was supposed to come. A. its B. which C. that D. whose12. The gorilla, not as curious as the chimpanzee, shows more persistence and memory retention in solving a problem.A. while B. whether C. unless D. which13. Playwright Lillian

7、Hellmans dramas are marked by their intelligent and .A. weaved tight plots B. plot are tightly woven C. tightly woven plots D. weaving of tight plots14. Our civilization is so commonplace to us that stop to think about its complexity.A. do rarely we B. rarely do we C. we do rarely D. we rarely do15.

8、 He will remain here if .A. needed B. need to be C. need be D. need is16. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, _ to find it locked. A. just B. only C. hence D. thus17. Although I like the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful _ thr

9、ough the window. A. vision B. look C. picture D. view18. E-mail is a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveyingmessages that _ well to human needs. A. adheres B. reflects C. conforms D. satisfies19. Failure to follow the club rules _ him from the volleyball team. A. disfavored B. di

10、spelled C. disqualified D. dismissed20. These proposals sought to place greater restrictions on the use and copying of digital information than _ in traditional media. A. exist B. exists C. existing D. to exist . Choose the right word from the list given below for each blank:( 10分) 请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题

11、号! like connection desire something revived do derives intentional directed state Intentionality is the minds capacity to direct itself on things. Mental states (1) _ thoughts, beliefs, desires, hopes exhibit intentionality in the sense that 第3页共 11页they are always (2) _on, or at, something: if you

12、hope, believe or desire, you must hope, believe or (3)_ something. Hope, belief, desire and any other mental (4)_which is directed at something, are known as intentional states. Intentionality in this sense has only a peripheral (5)_ to the ordinary ideas of intention and intending. An intention to(

13、6) _something is an intentional state, since one cannot intend without intending(7)_ ; but intentions are only one of many kinds of (8)_ mental states. The terminology of intentionality(9) _from the scholastic philosophy of the Middle Ages, and was(10)_ by Brentano in 1874. . Read the following text

14、s carefully and then make a correct choice to answer the questions after each text:(40分)请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号!TEXT A Why should anyone buy the latest volume in the ever-expanding Dictionary of National Biography? I do not mean that it is bad, as the reviewers will agree. But it will cost you 65 pounds.

15、 And have you got the rest of volumes? You need the basic 22 plus the largely decennial supplements to bring the total to 31. Of course, it will be answered, public and academic libraries want the new volume. After all, it adds 1,068 lives of people who escaped the net of the original compilers. Yet

16、 in 19 years time a revised version of the whole caboodle, called the New Dictionary of National Biography, will be published. Its editor, Professor Colin Matthew, tells me that he will have room for about 50,000 lives, some 13,000 more than in the current DNB. This rather puts the 1,068 in Missing

17、Persons in the shade. When Dr Nicholls wrote to The Spectator in 1989 asking for names of people whom readers had looked up in the DNB and had been disappointed not to find, she says that she received some 100,000 suggestions. (Well, she had written to “other quality newspapers” too.) As soon as her

18、 committee had whittled the numbers down, the professional problems of an editor began. Contributors didnt file copy on time; some who did send too much: 50,000 words instead of 500 is a record, according to Dr Nicholls.There remains the dinner-party game of whos in, whos out. That is a game that th

19、e reviewers have played and will continue to play. Criminals were my initial worry. After all, the original edition of the DNB boasted: Malefactors whose crimes excite a permanent interest have received hardly less attention than benefactors. Mr. John Gross clearly had similar anxieties, for he comp

20、lains that, while the murder Christie第4页共11 页is in, Crippen is out. One might say in reply that the injustice of the hanging of Evans instead of Christie was a force in the repeal of capital punishment in Britain, as Ludovie Kennedy (the author of Christies entry in Missing Persons) notes. But then

21、Crippen was reputed as the first murderer to be caught by telegraphy (he had tried to escape by ship to America). It is surprising to find Max Miller excluded when really not very memorable names get in. There has been a conscious effort to put in artists and architects from the Middle Ages. About t

22、heir lives not much is always known. Of Hugo of Bury St. Edmunds, a 12th-century illuminator whose dates of birth and death are not recorded, his biographer comments: “Whether or not Hugo was a wall-painter, the records of his activities as carver and manuscript painter attest to his versatility.” T

23、hen there had to be more women, too (12 percent, against the original DBNs 3), such as Roy Strongs subject, the Tudor painter Levina Teerlinc, of whom he remarks: “Her most characteristic feature is a head attached to a too small, spindly body. Her technique remained awkward, thin and often cursory.

24、” Doesnt seem to qualify her as a memorable artist. Yet it may be better than the record of the original DNB, which included lives of people who never existed (such as Merlin) and even managed to give thanks to J. W. Clerke as a contributor, though, as a later edition admits in a shamefaced footnote

25、, “except for the entry in the List of Contributors there is no trace of J. W. Clerke”. Questions 1-51. The writer suggests that there is no sense in buying the latest volume _. A. because it is not worth the price B. because it has fewer entries than before C. unless one has all the volumes in his

26、collection D. unless an expanded DNB will come out shortly2. On the issue of who should be included in the DNB, the writer seems to suggest that _. A. the editor had clear rules to follow B. there were too many criminals in the entries C. the editors clearly favoured benefactors D. the editors were

27、irrational in their choices3. Crippen was absent from the DNB _. A. because he escaped to the U.S. B. because death sentence had been abolished C. for reasons not clarified D. because of the editors mistake4. The author quoted a few entries in the last paragraph to _.第5页共11 页 A. illustrate some feat

28、ures of the DNB B. give emphasis to his argument C. impress the reader with its content D. highlight the people in the Middle Ages5. Throughout the passage, the writers tone towards the DNB was _. A. complimentary B. supportive C. sarcastic D. bitterTEXT B From the 1940s to the present, the technolo

29、gy used to build computers has gone through several revolutions. People sometimes speak of different generations of computers, with each generation using a different technology. First-generation computers prevailed in the 1940s and for much of the 1950s. They used vacuum tubes for calculation, contr

30、ol, and sometimes for memory as well. First-generation machines used several other ingenious devices for memory. Information was stored as sound waves circulation in a column of mercury. Vacuum tubes are bulky, unreliable, energy consuming, and generate large amounts of heat. As long as computers we

31、re tied down to vacuum tube technology, they could only be bulky, cumbersome, and expensive. In the late 1950s, the transistor became available to replace the vacuum tube. A transistor, which is only slightly larger than a kernel of corn, generates little heat and enjoys long life.At about the same

32、time, the magnetic-core memory was introduced. This consisted of a latticework of wires in which were strung tiny, doughnut-shaped beads called “cores”. Electric currents flowing in the wires stored information by magnetizing the cores. Information could be stored in core memory or retrieved from it

33、 in about a million of a second. Core memory dominated the high-speed memory scene for much of the second and third generation. To programmers during this period, core and high-speed memory were synonymous. The early 1960s saw the introduction of integrated circuits, which incorporated hundreds of t

34、ransistors on a single silicon chip. The chip itself was small enough to fit on the end of your finger; after being mounted in a protective package, it still would fit in the palm of your hand. With integrated circuits, computers could be made even smaller, less expensive, and more reliable.Integrat

35、ed circuits made possible minicomputers, tabletop computers small enough第6页共 11页and inexpensive enough to find a place in the classroom and the scientific laboratory.In the late 1960s, integrated circuits began to be used for high-speed memory, providing some competition for magnetic-core memory has

36、 continued until today, when it has largely replaced magnetic-core memory. The most recent jump in computer technology came with the introduction of largescale integrated circuit, often referred to simply as chips. Whereas the older integrated circuits contained hundreds of transistors, the new ones

37、 contains thousands or tens of thousands. It is the large-scale integrated circuits that make possible the microprocessors and microcomputers. They also make possible compact, inexpensive, high-speed, high-capacity integrated-circuit memory. No one has yet proclaimed a fourth generation of computers

38、. But the recent development just mentioned have resulted in a microprocessor revolution, which began in the middle 1970s and for which there is no end in sight.Questions 6-106. Up to now, the computer has developed _.A. four generationsB. two generationsC. three generationsD. five generations7. The

39、 first-generation computers were _.A. good in memoryB. heavy and expensiveC. easy to buyD. useful only for calculation8. The development of computer is in some way due to _.A. the development of vacuum to integrated circuitsB. the appearance of minicomputersC. the result of social progressD. the use

40、 of transistors9. The type of computer memory which became almost synonymous with “high-speed memory”was _. A. the electric currentB. the magnetic-core memoryC. the programmersD. the integrated circuits10. The main idea of this passage is about _.A. mechanics revolution in general 第7页共11页 B. technol

41、ogy developmentC. computer software developmentD. history of computer developmentTEXT CBefore we can say anything meaningful about the changing nature of careers, it is necessary to consider what the concept of “career” means. It is a troublesome term, for several reasons.In the sense in which young

42、 people are often encouraged to think about it, by educators, fiction, the media, careers advisers and others, a career is something which is chosen or aspired towards-a lifetime course of cumulative occupational experience. This view though faithful to the terms etymological origins (from the old F

43、rench for a “carriageway”) has unfortunate consequences. It identifies large segments of the population as ineligible to have careers-the unemployed, students, domestic laborers or child carers, people with interrupted or radically changing occupational status, unskilled and casualised labour, migra

44、nts, and others who, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, fail to conform to the idealized image of occupational and professional development. In this sense careers have always been largely a white male middle-class prerogative. When the media proclaim “the death of careers”, it is this group that

45、has been bereaved.However, there are powerful reasons for using the term “career” more widely. First, there are practical considerations. Whatever soothsayers about the future of careers may assert, individual men and women remain passionately interested in their careers-that is, in their personal d

46、evelopment through work experience over the course of their lifetime. People are more concerned about their skills, competencies, future roles, and opportunities for self-determination than they are about most other areas of their work experience. At the same time, employing organizations are aware of this fact, and profoundly perplexed by the issue it raises-how to provide developmental incentives to people