2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第一册Unit 1 语法非限制性定语从句(ppt课件) .pptx

1、Book1 Unit1 Discover Useful structuresLearning ObjectivesIn this class,you will1.recognize and summarize the form and functions of non-restrictive relative clauses.2.use non-restrictive relative clauses to describe people of achievement.Lead-in This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has b

2、een awarded to Tu Youyou(co-winner),whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin,a crucial new treatment for malaria.whose 引导的引导的是什么从句？是什么从句？怎么翻译这句怎么翻译这句话？话？1.From their research,they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against

3、 malaria.2.Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract,she found a substance that worked.3.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize,which is considered one of the highest international honors a person can receive.Activity1 Read the following sentences and underline the relative clauses.Then name

4、the two types of clauses and state their functions.RestrictiveRestrictiveNon-restrictive4.In the beginning,Tu Youyou went to Hainan,where malaria was more common,to study malaria patients.5.Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered.6.This medicine,which was called arte

5、misinin,soon became a standard treatment for malaria.7.He said that he had never seen her before,which was not true.Lead-inNon-restrictiveNon-restrictiveNon-restrictivegive extra information about-Summary限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句从句与先行词关系紧密，对先行从句与先行词关系紧密，对先行词的意义起限定作用，词的意义起限定作用，不可或缺不可或缺从句对先行词或整个主句起补充从句对先行词或整个主句

6、起补充说明、解释、评论说明、解释、评论等作用等作用只能修饰先行词，只能修饰先行词，不修饰整个主句不修饰整个主句 既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句主句可用可用that引导从句引导从句可用关系代词和关系副词，但通可用关系代词和关系副词，但通常不能用常不能用that引导从句引导从句从句前一般从句前一般不用逗号不用逗号隔开隔开从句和先行词或主句之间一般从句和先行词或主句之间一般用逗号隔开用逗号隔开限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别His friend who works in Beijing visited him yesterday.His father,who wo

7、rks in Beijing,returned yesterday.The new bicycle which/that my brother rides was bought this year.My brother rides a new bike,which was bought this year.分析品味分析品味1.which 引导的非限制性定语从句 which指代主句中的名词，被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。These apple trees,which I planted three years ago,have not

8、 borne any fruit.She is an artist,which I am not.The two policemen were completely trusted,which in fact they were.那两个警察完全受到信任，事实上，也真是如此。which指代主句中的形容词。She was very patient towards the children,which her husband seldom was.She is always careless,which we should not be.which指代主句中的某个从句。He said that he

9、 had never seen her before,which was not true.Summary2.as引导的非限制性定语从句 1.as 引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；2.当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接动词的被动语态，如：be known,be said,be reported,be announced等。如果从句中的动词是主动语态，一般 用which 作主语。She has been absent again,as is expected.As is known to everybody,the moon travels around t

10、he earth.The weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect.as 常见搭配 as is known to all 众所周知众所周知 as you know 正如你所知道的那样正如你所知道的那样 as is expected 正如所预料的那样正如所预料的那样 as we expected 正如我们所期待的正如我们所期待的 as has been mentioned above 正如上面所提到的正如上面所提到的 as is reported/said 正如正如报道报道/所所说的那样说的那样3

11、.介词+关系代词（whom、which）Is this the car for which you paid a high price?She is the person with whom I talked.He brought the result with which the boss was satisfied.1.1.根据根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的习惯搭配确定介定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的习惯搭配确定介词词2.2.根据定语从句中的主要形容词与介词的搭配确定介词根据定语从句中的主要形容词与介词的搭配确定介词3.介词+关系代词（whom、which）He came to a far

12、m,on which(where)he finally settled down.Do you still remember the day on which we met for the first time?Do you still remember the days during which we worked together?3.根据先行词与介词的搭配确定介词。先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方式等的词，它与介词之间有一定的联系。3.介词+关系代词（whom、which）Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most o

13、f whom recovered.I bought many books yesterday,three/most of which(of which three/most)are written by Lu Xun.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%of which are sold abroad.The professor has two sons,both of whom are studying in the same university.“介词关系代词”前可有 some,any,none

14、,both,all,neither,most,each,few,three,several 等代词或数词(相当于“介词关系代词代词/数词”)，也可以有名词(相当于“whose名词”)。Activity2 Rewrite the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses.The book tells us about Alexander Fleming.He discovered penicillin.The book tells us about Alexander Fleming,who discovered penicillin.Al

15、exander Fleming(1881-1955)was a Scottish scientist who discovered penicillin in 1928 at St.Marys Hospital in London.1 We were very impressed by the old man.He was not willing to acknowledge defeat.We were very impressed by the old man,who he was not willing to acknowledge defeat.2 Afterwards,Einstei

16、n had to flee Germany.Hitler was in power there.Afterwards,Einstein had to flee Germany,where Hitler was in power there.If you flee from something or someone,or flee a person or thing,you escape from them.逃离 He slammed the bedroom door behind him and fled.She fled to London after an argument with hi

17、s family.He was caught trying to flee the country.3 There is nothing we can do to help Linda.Her circumstances are beyond our control.There is nothing we can do to help Linda,whose her circumstances are beyond our control.circumstance:(pl)the conditions of a persons life,especially the money they ha

18、ve 境况；境遇；（尤指）经济状况Grants are awarded according to your financial circumstances.补助金根据经济状况发给。family/personal circumstances 家庭个人经济状况4 The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist,J.K.Rowling.It inspired us a lot.The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist

19、,J.K Rowling,which inspired us a lot.novelist：a person who writes novels 小说家 a romantic/historical novelist 言情历史小说家5 The building under construction was designed by I.M.Peia famous Chinese-American architect.He was born in Guangzhou,China.The building under construction was designed by I.M.Peia famo

20、us Chinese-American architect,who was born in Guangzhou,China.I.M.Pei(1917-2019)was a world-famous architect.His full name was Ieoh Ming Pei(Bei Yuming in Pinyin).He was born in Guangzhou and later lived in Hong Kong and Suzhou.However,he spent his formative（有重大影响的）years living in Shanghai,where he

21、was exposed to modern buildings designed by noted Western architects.After he graduated from high school,Pei studied in the US,where he received a bachelors degree in architecture in1940 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,and a masters degree from Harvard University in 1946.6 I was asked

22、 to explain the project with the help of a flow chart.It was a big challenge for me.I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart,which it was a big challenge for me.What does it refer to?It=I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart.=whichflow chart流程图Workbo

23、ok Using Structures 1 Some people always talk loudly in public,_ is really annoying.2 Mr Smith,_you spoke to,is our new professor.3 Please come back at four oclock,_your herbal medicine will be ready.4 What do you want to write about these people,_stories I have just told you?who whom whichwhose whe

24、n wherein/of/for which of whom1.Choose the words in the box to complete the sentences.whichwho/whomwhenwhoseUsing Structures 5 Have you been to the Louvre Museum,_you can see the Mona Lisa on display?6 There are 45 students in our class,out_ only 10 are taking an optional art course.7 Her mother wor

25、ks in a company,_ employees are all women.8 It is vital to learn to use these software programmes,both _can help you with collection and evaluation.where/in whichof whomin which/whereof whichWorkbook Using Structures 2 Decide whether the sentences are right or wrong.Correct them where necessary.1 Pl

26、ease write down these phrases,all of them will be useful in your writing.2 Asa consequence of sending in his application late,he did not get a patent for his invention,that was not surprising at all.whichwhichWorkbook Using Structures3 The researchers are evaluating thousands of plants,which have di

27、stinct medical properties.4 The gentle old man is the only person,whom I can trust.5 Have you done all what you can to help the people in need?6 Is this the botanical institute where you visited last week?thatthatwhich/thatWorkbook Using Structures 3 Write a few sentences about some great people wit

28、h the information given below.Use relative clauses.Song Qingling,who was Dr Sun Yat-sens wife and one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history,devoted her life to improving the welfare of women and children.Neil Armstrong,who was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969,said,“Thats a small

29、 step for(a)man,one giant leap for mankind.”Norman Bethune,who came to China in World War II,worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese people.Lu Xun was a leading figure of modern Chinese literature.Lu Xun Literary Prize,which is one of Chinas top four literary prizesis awarded e

30、very three years.Joan of Arc,who was a girl dressed as a man,went to fight for her country.She helped drive the English invaders out of France.AssignmentWriting:introduce a person of achievement1.Choose a person you admire.2.Write a paragraph of 6-8 sentences about him/her and use non-restrictive relative clauses properly.期待下一次遇见