2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第一册Unit 2 单词讲解(ppt课件).pptx

1、Unit 2Looking into the Future Vocabulary.phrase.phrase n n CC词组词组;短语短语;习惯用语习惯用语 a set phrase 固定短语固定短语.persuade vt 说服说服;劝服劝服(=talk into)persuade sb to do sth=persuade sb into(doing)sth说服某人做某事说服某人做某事 persuade sb out of(doing)sth说服某人不去做某事说服某人不去做某事 使相信使相信;使信服使信服(=convince)persuade sb of sth使某人相信某事使某人相信某

2、事 persuade sb+that从句从句【同根词】【同根词】persuasion nU说服说服 persuasive adj有说服力的有说服力的一、在空白处填入一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.He decided to persuade his grandpa _(set)the bird free.2.Get a coffee machine for your home or office,or persuade your company _ buying one.Tell them it will improve produ

3、ctivity（生产率）.（N年前 浙江）3.My parents persuade me _ the importance of going to college.intoofto setpersuade二、根据汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。二、根据汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1._（由于没有说服我父由于没有说服我父母母）,I failed to go to a music school,where my interest lay.(persuade)（湖北湖北）2.Advertisements _（使我们相信使我们相信）newer is better and that we will

4、 be happier with the latest products.Not having persuaded my parents persuade us that.switch nC 开关开关;电闸电闸 turn on/off the light switch打开打开/关掉灯的开关关掉灯的开关 骤变骤变;突变突变 vt&vi 改变改变;转变转变 交换交换;调换调换 switch on打开打开(电灯、电视等电灯、电视等)(=turn on)switch off关上关上(电灯、电视等电灯、电视等)(=turn off);非正式用语非正式用语不听不听;不理睬不理睬 switch over改变

5、改变;转换转换写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.She could switch easily from French to English._ 2.According to the air traffic rules,you should switch off yourmobile phone before boarding._ 3.The switch in the bathroom is broken and we need a new one forthe light._4.Tom said he would switch with me on S

6、aturday._ 转换转换关掉关掉开关开关调换调换.distant.distant adj（距离、时间）遥远的（距离、时间）遥远的;远处的远处的;久远的久远的（态度）疏远的（态度）疏远的;冷淡的冷淡的（关系）远亲的【反（关系）远亲的【反close】a distant relative 【同根词】【同根词】distance n.距离距离 be distantly related to.和和是远亲是远亲.instant.instant adj 常用于名词前常用于名词前立刻的立刻的;马上的马上的(=immediate);即食的即食的 instant coffee 速溶咖啡速溶咖啡 instant

7、noodles方便面方便面 n C常用单数常用单数瞬间瞬间;片刻片刻(moment)in an instant立刻，马上立刻，马上 the instant(that)一一.就就.充当连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于充当连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as【同根词】【同根词】instantly adv立即立即;马上马上(=immediately).constantadj固定的固定的;不变的不变的常用于名词前常用于名词前不停的不停的;连续不断的连续不断的;持续的持续的A constant dropping wears away a stone.滴水穿石滴水穿石。【同根词】【同根词】co

8、nstantly adv经常地经常地;不断地不断地经常用于进行时中，表示说话人的一种感情色彩，如赞扬、批评、厌倦等。经常用于进行时中，表示说话人的一种感情色彩，如赞扬、批评、厌倦等。Hes constantly changing his mind.近义词：近义词：continual continuous 1.I would like to have my own house in the distant future._2.After the quarrel（争吵）Sue remained cold and distant._3.Peace was just a distant hope in

9、 the past._4.The life in the countryside has become a distant memory._ 遥远的将来遥远的将来冷淡的冷淡的 /疏远的疏远的遥不可及的遥不可及的遥远的回忆遥远的回忆一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.It is important to store wine at a constant temperature._ 2.You use less petrol if you drive at a constant speed._ 3.The Forbidden City attracts

10、a constant stream of visitors every day,especially during national holidays.（福建）_ 4.The English language is constantly changing._络绎不绝的游客络绎不绝的游客不断地不断地恒温恒温匀速匀速一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.A new government cannot bring about instant change._ 二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。她一停止问问题，我就起身

11、走出了房间。(the instant that)_立刻的立刻的 /立即的立即的The instant that she stopped asking questions,I got up and went out of the room.instant.secure.secure adj 安心的安心的;有把握的有把握的 安全的安全的(=safe);稳妥的稳妥的;可靠的可靠的 a secure job 稳定的工作稳定的工作 牢固的牢固的;坚固的坚固的;稳固的稳固的 vt 使安全使安全;保证保证 secure sb against/from.保护某人不受到保护某人不受到.的伤害的伤害(尤指经过努力

12、尤指经过努力)获得获得;取得取得 使使.固定固定.secure.secure【同根词】【同根词】(1)security n.U安全 a sense of security安全感 (2)securesecurely adv.安全地，安心地(3)insecureinsecure adj.不安全的，不可靠的写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Children need to feel secure in order to do well at school._ 2.We want a secure future for our children._ 3.Its s

13、tandard practice for a company like this one to employ a security guard._4.This insurance plan offers your family financial security in the event of your death._5.If its a choice between higher pay and job security,Id prefer to keep my job._保安保安经济保障经济保障安心的安心的可靠的未来可靠的未来工作保障工作保障 /工作稳定工作稳定.knob.knob n.

14、n.旋钮；球形把手旋钮；球形把手.appliance.appliance n.n.电器；用具；工具；器具电器；用具；工具；器具apply 应用 v.申请，应用 apply for.apply.to.remoteadj 遥远的遥远的(=distant);偏僻的偏僻的;关系远的关系远的 a remote village/area偏僻的村庄偏僻的村庄/偏远地区偏远地区 remote control遥控遥控.air conditioner空调空调condition n.条件条件conditioner n.调节器、护发素、柔顺剂调节器、护发素、柔顺剂.automatic.automatic adj 自动

15、的；自动的；无意识的；必然的无意识的；必然的【同根词】【同根词】automatically adv自动地；无意识地自动地；无意识地 auto-=self 自己自己 autobiography 自传，自传，autocracy 独裁政体独裁政体 to rule.integrate.integrate v v(使使)结合结合;(使使)合并合并【同根词】【同根词】integrated adj各部分密切协调的各部分密切协调的;综合的综合的 But not many are able to integrate innovation into their business.I have made quite

16、 a few videos about how you can integrate English into your daily life.sensor.sensor n.n.传感器传感器;敏感元件敏感元件(可数名词）可数名词）integrated sensors 集成传感器集成传感器.sense.sense n(五种五种)感官感官(之一之一)感受感受;意识意识 理解力理解力;判断力判断力 见识见识;通情达理通情达理 理智理智;心智心智 意思意思;意义意义 in a sense/in one sense/in some senses从某种意义上从某种意义上说说 in no sense 决不（

17、用于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序）决不（用于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序）make sense 讲得通讲得通;有道理有道理;合乎情理合乎情理 make sense of 弄懂弄懂.的意思的意思 there is no sense in(doing)sth (做做)某事是没道理的某事是没道理的 vt感觉到感觉到;察觉到察觉到 -How do you always know its me?-Some people say its a sixth sense.A people has their own language,culture and fierce sense of identity.这个民族

18、有着他们自己的语言，文化和强烈的认这个民族有着他们自己的语言，文化和强烈的认同感。同感。But such commitment can also weaken a sense of mon sense 常识常识.efficient adj 有效率的有效率的;高效能的高效能的【同根词】【同根词】inefficient adj.低效的，无效的低效的，无效的 efficiently adv有效地有效地 efficiency n.效率效率How do you motivate people to work hard and _?efficientlymoden C方式方式;运行方式运行方式;模式模式f

19、light mode 飞行模式飞行模式energy-efficient mode 节能模式节能模式routine n C&U例行公事例行公事;惯例惯例 daily routine 日常工作日常工作，日常习惯，日常生活，日常习惯，日常生活 C常规节目常规节目;一套舞步一套舞步/舞蹈动作舞蹈动作 a dance routine 一套舞步一套舞步 adj 例行的例行的;常规的常规的 a routine report 例行报告例行报告完成句子Thus eating becomes an enjoyment instead of a _(常规工作)you have to do every day.If

20、you want to break out of the comfort zone,you have to first _(打破常规).routine break your routine.preferencen nC&U偏爱偏爱;优先优先(权权)C偏爱的事物偏爱的事物/人人 1.have a preference for.偏爱偏爱；更喜欢；更喜欢I have a preference for sweet food over spicy.比起辛辣食物我更喜欢甜食。2.give(a)preference to.给给以优惠以优惠/优待优待We give preference to those wh

21、o have worked with us for a long time.我们优先考虑那些和我们长期共事的人。3.in preference to sth 优先于；而不是优先于；而不是He studied chemistry in preference to physics at university.出于喜好，他大学里学的是化学而非物理。出于喜好，他大学里学的是化学而非物理。prefer v.更喜爱更喜爱prefer sth(to sth)喜欢某物（胜于某物）喜欢某物（胜于某物）prefer doing sth(to doing sth)喜欢做某事（胜于做某事）喜欢做某事（胜于做某事）pr

22、efer to do sth rather than do sth喜欢做某事（胜于做某事）喜欢做某事（胜于做某事）People develop a preference _ a particular style of learning at an early age.Faced with misunderstanding,I prefer having a talk face to face to _(quarrel).To his credit,the editor preferred _(quit)rather than give way to false news.完成句子We _(优先

23、考虑)applicants with some experience.forquarrellingto quitgive preference mandnC命令命令U指挥指挥;控制控制 take commandU 常用单数常用单数(尤指对语言的尤指对语言的)掌握掌握;运用能力运用能力 have a good command of.精通精通/掌握掌握.C(计算机的计算机的)指令指令vt指挥指挥;命令命令 command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事 command that sb(should)do sth 命令某人做某事（命令某人做某事（that宾从使用虚拟语气）宾从

24、使用虚拟语气）获得获得;赢得赢得【同根词】【同根词】commander nC司令官司令官;指挥官指挥官;海军中校海军中校一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.He commanded the army _(fire).2.The boys mother commanded that the boy _(clean)his room.二、根据汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。二、根据汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.So some have to lead,and some must follow.But who is to _（指挥）?(command n)2.H

25、e is the commander of the army.That means the whole army is _（由他指挥）.3.Learning English needs patience and efforts;it is impossible to _（精通）a foreign language within a few months.to fire(should)clean take command under his command have a good command of.obey.obeyv vt&vi服从服从;遵守遵守 obey orders服从命令服从命令【同

26、根词】【同根词】disobey v.违背，反抗违背，反抗.warning n 警告警告;告诫告诫【同根词】【同根词】warn v.警告，告诫警告，告诫warn sb to do sth告诫某人去做某事告诫某人去做某事warn sb not to do sth=warn sb out of doing sth告诫某告诫某人不要去做某事人不要去做某事warn sb.of/about sth.提醒某人某事提醒某人某事 Completely _,he turned up at my door with all four children!事先都没说一声，他就带着全部4个孩子出现在我的门口！Theres

27、 a _ on the cigarette packet that says Cigarettes cause cancer.香烟的包装盒上有一条警告：“烟草严重危害健康。”She gave her child _ warning of not playing near the railway line.单句写作医生告诫我不要喝酒。_aThe doctor warned me not to drink.without warningwarning.early on.early on 在初期在初期;早先早先【拓展】【拓展】later on后来；之后后来；之后.abnormal.abnormal

28、adj 不正常的不正常的;反常的反常的;变态的变态的【同根词】【同根词】normal adj.正常的正常的It helps doctors to find _ signs of heart beating.(normal)They thought his behavior was _ because he may burst into laughers for no reason.It is _ much warmer than this in July.(normal)abnormalabnormalnormally.critical.critical adjadj 批判的批判的;挑剔的挑剔

29、的 紧要的紧要的;关键的关键的【同根词】【同根词】criticize v.criticize v.批评，指责批评，指责写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.The patient is in a critical condition._ 2.He made some highly critical remarks._ 3.The talks between the two leaders have reached a critical stage._ 4.Reducing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere i

30、s of critical importance._关键的关键的极其重要的极其重要的危急的危急的批判性的批判性的.cancer.cancer n n C&UC&U癌癌;癌症癌症.potential.potentialadj 只用于名词前只用于名词前 可能的可能的(=possible);潜在的潜在的n U潜能潜能;可能性可能性 achieve/fulfill/reach ones(full)potential(充分充分)发挥自己的潜能发挥自己的潜能 have the potential to do sth.有潜力做某事有潜力做某事【同根词】【同根词】potentially adv潜在地潜在地;可

31、能地可能地A number of _ have expressed interest in the company.一些潜在的买家对这个公司表示出了兴趣。The new product can warn you if there is something abnormal and _（可能会帮你很多）potential buyerscan potentially help you a lot.leak.leak v v(使使)漏漏;(;(使使)渗漏渗漏(使使)泄漏泄漏 n n CC漏洞漏洞;裂缝裂缝;泄漏泄漏.electricaladj 电气科学的电气科学的;与与(用用)电有关的电有关的【同根

32、词】【同根词】electricity n.电电 electric adj.用电的用电的 electronic adj.电子的电子的electric adj.used about something that works using electricityelectrical adj.used about things that use electricity,or people whose job is to make or repair these thingselectronic adj.used about equipment such as computers and televisi

33、ons that work by using extremely small electrical parts,or about systems that work using computers电风扇 electric fan 电力工程师 electrical engineer 电子词典electronic dictionary occupation （P108中间位置）n n UU占领占领;居住居住 CC工作工作;职业职业【同根词】【同根词】occupy v.使用；占据；忙于使用；占据；忙于 be occupied with.忙于忙于.wiring n.电线线路电线线路;线路系统线路系统【

34、同根词】【同根词】wireless adj.无线的无线的wire nC&U金属丝金属丝/线线;电线电线;电话线电话线 vt 给给.接上电线，接通电源接上电线，接通电源;将将.连接到连接到.detect vt 察觉察觉;发现发现;侦查出侦查出【同根词】【同根词】detector n.检测器，探测器检测器，探测器 detection n.察觉，发现察觉，发现 crime prevention and detection detective n.侦探，警探侦探，警探If _ in the early stages,most skin cancers are completely curable.(d

35、etect)detected.relevant adj adj有关的有关的;贴切的贴切的 be relevant to.与与.有关有关 反义词：反义词：irrelevant n.relevance 相关性；意义相关性；意义 “与与有关有关”锦集锦集：.catch fire 着火（形容动作着火（形容动作)形容状态：形容状态：be on fire make fire save fire set fire put out fire生火救火纵火灭火.fantasy n C&U幻想幻想;想象想象 C幻想作品幻想作品【同根词】【同根词】fantastic adj极好的；奇异怪诞的极好的；奇异怪诞的.inn

36、ovation n n CC新观念新观念/方法方法;U;U创新创新;革新革新【同根词】【同根词】innovate v.革新；创新革新；创新 innovative adj.革新的；创新的革新的；创新的.available adjadj（物）可用的（物）可用的;可得到的可得到的（人）有空的（人）有空的（表示这个意思时，不放在名词前）（表示这个意思时，不放在名词前）【同根词】【同根词】availability n.可获得性可获得性;可用得到的人可用得到的人/物物一、根据语境，选出下列句子中一、根据语境，选出下列句子中available的英语释义。的英语释义。1.Rental Information

37、Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit.（2017 全国）2.Its important that you let them know when youll be available.（2017 全国）3.We do have tickets available for that movie on those days.（N年前北京卷）4.The program guidelines and other related information are available at:http:/cambridge

38、sciencefestival.（N年前全国卷）a.able to be usedb.can easily be boughtc.can easily be foundd.(of a person)free to be seen,talked to,etc.nevertheless advadv 正式用语正式用语 然而然而;不过不过有哪些同义词呢？有哪些同义词呢？however/still/even so .combine v v vi&vt(vi&vt(使使)结合结合;(;(使使)组合组合 combine.with/and.结合结合.与与.vi&vt(vi&vt(使使)化合化合;(;(使使)

39、混合混合 vtvt兼备兼备;兼顾兼顾【同根词】【同根词】combination nC结合结合(体体);联合联合(体体);混合混合.structure n U&U结构结构;构造构造 C建筑物建筑物 vt.精心组织；构成；建造精心组织；构成；建造【同根词】【同根词】structural adj结构的结构的;建筑物的建筑物的 structured adj有组织的有组织的;有安排的有安排的.crime n U(泛指泛指)犯罪活动犯罪活动 C罪罪;罪行罪行 非正式用语非正式用语不道德的行为不道德的行为;罪过罪过 commit a crime 犯罪犯罪【同根词】【同根词】criminal n.罪犯罪犯 a

40、dj.犯罪的犯罪的.nanobot n.n.纳米机器人纳米机器人.artificialadj 人造的人造的;人工的人工的 artificial intelligence人工智能人工智能 做作的做作的;不自然的不自然的 an artificial smile假笑假笑.clone n n CC克隆克隆;克隆体克隆体 vtvt 无性繁殖无性繁殖;克隆克隆.predictvt 预言预言;预计预计(=forecast)it is predicted+that 据预测，据预测，.【同根词】【同根词】predictable adj可预见的可预见的;可预料的可预料的 prediction n.预言预言;预测；

41、预报预测；预报 make a prediction about 做出关于做出关于的预测的预测 Things turned out as he _.(predict)predictedWithout experience,you have no basis for any _.prediction.forecast vt(forecast/forecasted,forecast/forecasted)预测预测;预报预报;预预示示(=predict)n C天气预报天气预报;预测预测 a weather forecast天气预报天气预报.oppose.oppose vt 反对反对;抵制抵制 oppo

42、se doing sth 反对做某事反对做某事【同根词】【同根词】opposed adj不用于名词前不用于名词前反对的反对的;截然不同的截然不同的 be opposed to sth./doing sth.反对反对.as opposed to.表示对比表示对比而而;而非而非 opposing adj只用于名词前只用于名词前 对立的对立的;敌对的敌对的;(观点等观点等)相反的相反的 opposite adj.相反的；相对的相反的；相对的 adv.在对立面在对立面 The _ team were so strong that it was almost impossible to beat the

43、m.opposing我反对给那些什么都不做的人钱。I am opposed to giving money to people doing nothing.henceadv正式用语正式用语因此因此;所以所以hence=therefore=as a result=for this reason.cease v v 正式用语正式用语停止停止;终止终止;结束结束 cease trading/production.cease fire 停火停火搭配：搭配：cease doing（暂时）停止（暂时）停止/cease to do（长久性）停止（长久性）停止eg:She gradually ceased _

44、（哭）（哭）and became quiet.He ceased to be a member of the club.The things people will do for charity never cease to amaze me.=I am always surprised by themcrying.deceased adjadj 已死的已死的;亡故的亡故的各部门注意！各部门注意！这个单词这个单词 ！不是不是decreasedecrease！不是不是“减少减少”！同义词（形容词）：dead常见的关于死的表达：diepass away/pass onsb.has gonesb.l

45、ost sb.absence n C&U缺席缺席;不在不在 U缺乏缺乏 in/during sbs absence 在某人不在时在某人不在时 in the absence of .在缺乏在缺乏的情况下的情况下【拓展】【拓展】absent adj.缺席的；缺乏的缺席的；缺乏的;心不在焉的心不在焉的 presence n.出席；在场出席；在场 present adj.出席的；在场的出席的；在场的Its a pity that you will be absent _ the meeting.She took advantage of the childrens _ to clean the hou

46、se.We didnt receive any news during his long _.fromabsenceabsence.rural adj 农村的农村的;乡村的乡村的 【拓展】【拓展】（反义）（反义）urban adj.城市的，城镇的城市的，城镇的 town n.city n.rural近义词：近义词：country countrysideIm not fit for town life-so very _ as I always have been.The part of China I grew up in was a _ village,and at that time,pr

47、e-industrial.ruralrural.advocate.advocate n n CC提倡者提倡者;拥护者拥护者 vt vt 正式用语正式用语 提倡提倡;拥护拥护;主张主张 advocate doing sth 提倡做某事提倡做某事 advocate+that sb(should)do sth 提倡某人做某事提倡某人做某事动脑想！最近学过哪些 动词 来引出虚拟语气里的should do？advocate that sb.should do prefer that sb.should do insist that sb.should do command that sb.should

48、do.emphasis n C&U(复复 emphases)(=stress)强调强调;重视重视 put/lay emphasis on.重视重视.重读重读;重音重音;加重语气加重语气【同根词】【同根词】emphasize vt.强调强调;着重着重;重读重读anaylsis anaylsesThe most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers,educatiors and others interested in promoting so

49、cial well-being.整点高级的 来自2021年全国新高考I卷 （长难句）(）这种普及最积极的方面 是 雇主、教育工作者和其他对促进社会福利感兴趣的人对情感会有新的和迫切需要的重视。.luxury n U奢侈奢侈;奢华奢华;C奢侈品奢侈品【同根词】【同根词】luxurious adj.奢侈的；奢华的奢侈的；奢华的.keep in touch with.与与.保持联系保持联系【拓展】【拓展】be in touch with与与有联系有联系(状态状态)be out of touch with与与失去联系失去联系(状态状态)get in touch with与与取得联系取得联系(动作动作)

50、lose touch with与与失去联系失去联系(动作动作)Its hard Lily，for we havent _ each other since graduation.很难与莉莉取得联系，因为自从毕业后我们就没有联系了。很难与莉莉取得联系，因为自从毕业后我们就没有联系了。Helen moved to a remote island in 1998 and I have been_ her since then.海伦于海伦于1998年搬到一个偏远的岛上去了，自那以后我就与她失去了联系。年搬到一个偏远的岛上去了，自那以后我就与她失去了联系。to get in touch withbeen