grammar过去分词作状语公开课课件.ppt

1、1.The stolen bike belongs to Jack.2.The glass is broken.3.Mary heard her name called by a stranger.4.Asked what had happened,he told us about it._1.作作定语定语2.作表语作表语3.作宾补作宾补4.作状语作状语过去分词过去分词Revision:Grammar 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语 The Past Participle as the Adverbial1.When water is heated,water turns into steam.

2、=heated,water turns into steam.When过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语2.Because he was exhausted,he fell asleep at once.=exhausted,he fell asleep at once.Because过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语3.If I am given a time machine,I will pay a visit to the future.=given a time machine,I will pay a visit to the future.a time machineIf过去分

3、词作条件状语过去分词作条件状语4.Although she was Laughed at by many people,she continued her study.=laughed at by many people,she continued her study.Although过去分词作让步状语过去分词作让步状语5.The girl left,and she was followed by a little dog.=The girl left,followed by a little dog.过去分词作方式或伴随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语过去分词作状语过去分词作状语 summary

4、1.过去分词在句子中可以作过去分词在句子中可以作_、_、_、_和和_等。等。相相当于相应的状语从句。当于相应的状语从句。注意：注意：当当过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，没没有相应的从句可替换，有相应的从句可替换，相当于一个并列分句。相当于一个并列分句。时间状语时间状语 原因状语原因状语条件状语条件状语让步状语让步状语方式或伴随状语方式或伴随状语2.为了表示强调为了表示强调，过去分词可与连词构成过去分词可与连词构成“连词连词过去分词过去分词”结构作状语结构作状语,但连词也可省略但连词也可省略。3.过去分词作状语时其过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语逻辑主语与与主句的主语主

5、句的主语保持保持一致一致。SeenGivenDone 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空。1._(see)from the hill,the city lookslike a big garden.2._(give)more time,I will finish my work on time.3._(do)in a hurry,his homework was full of mistakes.4._(leave)at home,John didnt feel afraid at all.5.The old man entered the meeting room,_(suppor

6、t)by a young fellow.6._(see)from the hill,you will find the city looks like a big garden.Leftsupported过去分词短语作时间状语过去分词短语作时间状语作条件状语作条件状语作原因状语作原因状语作让步状语作让步状语作方式或伴作方式或伴随状语随状语Seeing _(see)from the hill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.分词作状语时，用现在分词还是过去分词，取决分词作状语时，用现在分词还是过去分词，取决于于分词与句子主语之间的关系分词与句子主语之间的关系。如果句子的主语

7、和分词是主动关系如果句子的主语和分词是主动关系,用用_，句子的主语和分词是被动关系，句子的主语和分词是被动关系，用用_。现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词重难点辨析（一）：主语一致重难点辨析（一）：主语一致_(see)from the hill,you will find thecitylookslikeabiggarden.SeenSeeing1.从上面看从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。_ from the top,the stadium looks like a bird nest.A.Seeing B.Seen2.从太空看从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。_

8、from the space,the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall.A.Seeing B.Seen1、有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语、有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。时不表被动而表主语的状态。如：如：(be)lost(迷路迷路);(be)lost in(沉湎沉湎);(be)seated(坐坐);(be)born(出身于出身于);(be)dressed in(穿着穿着)；(be)interested in(感兴趣感兴趣)；(be)tired of(厌烦厌烦)；(be)worried about(担心担心)等

9、。等。e.g.Dressed in white,she looks more beautiful.重难点辨析（二）：不表被动的特殊情况重难点辨析（二）：不表被动的特殊情况2、由某些动词、由某些动词(通常是与心理感受有关的通常是与心理感受有关的词词)后面加后面加-ed转化来的形容词也表状态不转化来的形容词也表状态不表被动。表被动。如：如：frightened,satisfied,tired,disappointed等。等。e.g.Surprised at what had happened,Tom didnt know what to do.即学即练：即学即练：1.When _(compare)

10、different cultures,we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.2._(blame)for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits.3._(surprise)and happy,Tony stood up and accepted the paringBlamedSurprised 过去分词不表被过去分词不表被动而表状态动而表状态 分分词词作作状语状语

11、答答题记忆题记忆口口诀诀分词作状语，主语是问题。分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动主动-ing,-ing,被动用被动用-ed-ed。过去分词作状语过去分词作状语需要注意的几个问题需要注意的几个问题1.过去分词作状语时的位置过去分词作状语，多放在句首；也可放在主句后面或插在句子中间，均需有逗号与主句隔开。e.g.:Followed by his assistant,the professor walked out of the hall.=The professor walked out of th

12、e hall,followed by his assistant.=The professor,followed by his assistant,walked out of the hall.由助手跟着，这位教授走出了大厅。如如:If heated,_.A.people can turn water into gas B.one can change ice into waterC.ice turns into water D.people get water from ice 2.2.过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致 若若过去过去分词分词的逻

13、辑的逻辑主语与句中主语不一致主语与句中主语不一致,而而是前面有了自己的主语，这时就构成了是前面有了自己的主语，这时就构成了过去过去分词的独立主格结构分词的独立主格结构，在句中作状语，表示在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。Their homework finished,the children went out to play football.句子的主语句子的主语过去分词的逻辑主语过去分词的逻辑主语过去分词的独立主格结构，过去分词的独立主格结构，作时间状语作时间状语3.3.过去分词的独立主格结构过去分词的独立主格结构4.英语中也有一些分词，其逻辑主

14、语不是句子的英语中也有一些分词，其逻辑主语不是句子的主语，它们已变成主语，它们已变成固定词组固定词组，表示说话人对所说，表示说话人对所说的话的一种态度。如的话的一种态度。如:judging by/from 根据根据判断；由判断；由断定断定provided/providing(that)假如，倘若假如，倘若；given 倘若倘若；假定；假定generally/strictly speaking一般说来一般说来/严格说来严格说来talking of/speaking of 说到，提到说到，提到 all things considered 从整体来看从整体来看，Considering 考虑到考虑到t

15、aking all things into consideration全面看来全面看来 e.g.Given good weather,our ship will reach Shanghai this evening.5.5.过去分词的四种形式过去分词的四种形式一般式：done不强调动作的先后关系不强调动作的先后关系现在进行式：being done 强调分词的动作与谓语动词的动强调分词的动作与谓语动词的动作作同时发生同时发生完成式：having been done 表示表示分词的动作发生在前，谓分词的动作发生在前，谓语动词的动作发生在后语动词的动作发生在后。（在不强调动作先后的情况下，在不强调

16、动作先后的情况下，常常用常常用done代替代替）将来式：将来式：to be done表示表示“将要被将要被”1._(use)by me now,the bike cant be lent to you.2._(use)for many years,the bike need repairing.3._(threat)twice,the young lady called the police.Having been threatenedThreatenedBeing usedHaving been used或或6.6.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别

17、 1 1)v.-ing作状语作状语时，分词表示的时，分词表示的动作与句子主语动作与句子主语之间构成之间构成主动关系主动关系。e.g.Seeing from the top of the tower,we can get a wonderful view of our city.2)v.-ed作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成被动关系。e.g.Seen from the top of the tower,our city looks more beautiful.3)to do作状语，一般作状语，一般表示目的表示目的。e.g.To get a wonderful view of our

18、city,we climbed to the top of the tower.1.Following the old man,we went upstairs.(We followed)(跟着那个老人跟着那个老人,我们上了楼。我们上了楼。)2.Followed by the old man,we went upstairs.(We were followed by)(我们上了楼我们上了楼,后面跟着那个老人。后面跟着那个老人。)CompareConsolidate:1)_(如此高兴如此高兴),we decided to stay two more days.Function:_2)_(十六世纪

19、十六世纪烧毁后烧毁后),the castle was never rebuilt.Function:_Much delightedBurnt in the 16th centuryCauseTime3)_(被他的话所感动被他的话所感动),I accepted his present.Function:_4)_(从山上看从山上看),the lake looks beautiful.Function:_5)_(如果吃地及时如果吃地及时)the medicine will be quite effective.Function:_Moved by his wordsSeen from the hil

20、lTaken in timecauseCondition/timeCondition1._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lose2.If _ the same treatment again,hes sure to get well.A.giving B.give C.given D.being given3._ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the Unite

21、d States.A.Founded B.It was founded C.Being founded D.FoundingPractice makes perfect4._ with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.A.Compare B.When comparing C.Comparing D.When compared5._ time,hell make a first-class tennis player.A.Having given B.To give C.Giving D.G

22、iven6._ in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A.Dressed B.To dress C.Dressing D.Having dressed7.Unless _ to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited8._ more attention,the tree could have grown better.A.Given B.To give

23、 C.Giving D.Having given.9.The computer center,_ last year,is very popular among the students in this school.A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened10.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.wr

24、itten11.When _,the museum will be open to the public next year.A.completed B.completing C.being completed D.to be completed 12._ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered 13.The research is so designed that once _ n

25、othing can be done to change it.A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun14.The _ morning,the father came into the lonely house,_ by his naughty boy.A.following,following B.followed,followedC.following,followed Dfollowed,following15._,but he still could not understand it.A.Told many timesB.Having

26、been told many timesC.He has been told many timesD.Though he had been told many times2011天津卷天津卷_ into English,the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.lA.Translating B.Translated lC.To translate D.Having translated2011上海春招上海春招_ in 1955,Disneyland in California is regarded by m

27、any as the original fun park.lA.OpenedB.Having openedlC.OpeningD.Being opened(2010)._ from the top of the tower,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.A.Seen B.Seeing C.Having seen D.To see(2010)._at my classmates faces,I read the same excitement in their eyes.A.Looking B.Look C.To look D.LookedThanksThanksHomework1.Finish Exe.1 on page18.2.Go over“The Past Participle as the Adverbial”.