unit1 reading and thinking language points (ppt课件)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、1.This illness causes severe diarrhea,dehydration,and even death.severe adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的严重的；剧烈的；严厉的汉语意思汉语意思对应英语单词对应英语单词严重的；严肃的严重的；严肃的 severe,serious(伤势伤势)严重的严重的severe(疾病疾病)严重的严重的severe,serious严厉的；严格的严厉的；严格的 strict,severee.g.She received severe head injuries in the accident.在在事故中她的头部受了重伤。事故中她的头部受了重伤。I

2、 was laid up for six weeks with a severe/serious illness.由于由于重病，我卧床六个星期。重病，我卧床六个星期。【拓展拓展】be severe on 对对严厉严厉 be severe with oneself 严于律己严于律己 severe+-ly severely adv.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)He _ his children.他对子女很严格。他对子女很严格。2)You are too _ the boy.你对那个男孩太严厉了。你对那个男孩太严厉了。3)我感到胸口剧烈疼痛。我感到胸口剧烈疼痛。_ is severe

3、 withsevere on(upon)I felt a severe pain in the chest.2.However,he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.once and for all:now and for the last time;finally or completely（习语）（习语）最终地，彻底地最终地，彻底地 eg We need to settle this once and for all.我们需要彻底解决此事。我们需要彻底解决此事。3.In general,doctors in

4、 those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.contradictory adj.different and therefore cannot both be true or correct互相互相矛盾的；互相对立的矛盾的；互相对立的 be contradictory to与与矛盾、相反矛盾、相反 eg His remark was contradictory to the truth.他他的叙述与事实矛盾。的叙述与事实矛盾。contra-:prefix.反，反对，对抗；可构成名词，反，反对，对

5、抗；可构成名词，动词或形容词动词或形容词 eg contradict v.反对，相反反对，相反4.One theory was that bad air caused the disease.本句中本句中that bad air caused the disease 是是that引导的引导的表语从句表语从句，that在从句中不作成分，在从句中不作成分，没有意思，只起连接作用。没有意思，只起连接作用。eg My dream was that I could have a three-bedroom house in that city.我曾经梦想能在那个城市有个三居室的房子。我曾经梦想能在那个城

6、市有个三居室的房子。【思考思考】本篇课文中还有几处表语从句，请大家找出来。本篇课文中还有几处表语从句，请大家找出来。5.Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.infect v.1)to give someone a disease 传染传染 2)to make sb feel the same way or have the same interest 感染感染，影响影响 eg Lucys enthusiasm soon infected the rest of the c

7、lass.露露西的热情很快就感染了班里的其他人。西的热情很快就感染了班里的其他人。infection n.感染，传染感染，传染 increase the risk of infection 增加传染的风险增加传染的风险 an eye infection 传染疾病传染疾病6.Snow subscribed to the second theory.subscribe vi.认购认购(股份股份)；定期订购；定期缴；定期订购；定期缴纳纳(会费会费)subscribe to 同意，赞同同意，赞同subscribe for 预定，认购预定，认购 eg You can subscribe to the m

8、agazine for as little as$32 a year.订阅这本杂志，每年只需订阅这本杂志，每年只需 32 美元。美元。Each employee may subscribe for up to 2,000 worth of shares.每位员工最高可以认购价值每位员工最高可以认购价值 2000 英镑的股份。英镑的股份。【语境应用语境应用】单项填空。单项填空。1.If you _ this newspaper,youll receive an extra magazine.A.submit to B.subscribe toC.take to D.apply to2.The i

9、dea of traveling abroad really _ me,but it is difficult for me to make the time.A.subscribes to B.submits toC.appeals to D.caters to【拓展拓展】subscribe+-tion subscription n.捐助；订阅；签署；同意捐助；订阅；签署；同意 subscribe+-er subscriber n.订阅人；定期捐款者订阅人；定期捐款者7.He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outb

10、reak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.本句是复合句，其中本句是复合句，其中discovered后接一个宾语后接一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中，又有一个由从句，在宾语从句中，又有一个由sothat（“如此如此以致以致”）引导的结果状语从句）引导的结果状语从句。常用常用于以下结构于以下结构：so+adj./adv.+that从句从句；so+adj.+a(n)+可数名词单数形式可数名词单数形式+that从从句句；so+many/much/few/little+名词名词+that从句。从句。eg He was so il

11、l that we had to send for a doctor.He is so kind a boy that all his classmates like him.Her parents gave her so many toys that she couldnt play with them all.【拓展拓展】在在“so+adj./adv.+that从句从句”结构中，结构中，“so+adj./adv.”置于句首时，主句通常要用置于句首时，主句通常要用倒装倒装语序语序。如：。如：So bright was the moon that the flowers were bright

12、 as by day.so that既可以引导既可以引导目的状语目的状语从句，也可以引从句，也可以引导导结果状语结果状语从句。如从句。如：Lets try and arrange it so that we can get there at one oclock.(目的状语从句目的状语从句)My pencil fell under my desk so that I couldnt see it.(结果状语从句结果状语从句)8.There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street.multiple adj.many,or

13、involving many things,people,events etc 包括多包括多个人（物，个人（物，事件等）的事件等）的;多的多的;多种多种的的 multiple copies of documents 各种文件的大量副本各种文件的大量副本 multi-:prefix,“多个；许多多个；许多”eg multicoloured 多色的多色的 multicultural 多元文化的，多文化融合的多元文化的，多文化融合的9.However,some households had had no deaths.household n.all the people who live toget

14、her in one house 一家人一家人;同住一幢房子的人同住一幢房子的人 eg A growing number of households have at least one computer.越来越越来越多的家庭拥有多的家庭拥有至少一台计算机。至少一台计算机。household:adj.relating to looking after a house and the people in it 家庭家庭的，家用的，家务的的，家用的，家务的 be a household name/word 家喻户晓家喻户晓（十分出名）的名字（十分出名）的名字/词词10.Snow suspected

15、that the water pump was to blame.suspect v.to think that something is probably true,especially something bad 猜想猜想，怀疑，觉得，怀疑，觉得suspect that 怀疑怀疑、推测、猜想、觉得、推测、猜想、觉得 suspect sb.to be 怀疑怀疑、觉得某人是、觉得某人是 suspect sb.of doing/having done sth.怀疑怀疑某人做了某事某人做了某事 eg What made you suspect her of having taken the mon

16、ey?什么什么让我怀疑她拿起了钱让我怀疑她拿起了钱？suspect n.someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime(犯罪犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子嫌疑人，可疑分子doubt v.to think that something may not be true or that it is unlikely 怀疑，不确信怀疑，不确信eg You can complain,but I doubt if itll make any difference.你你可以投诉，但是我看未必有用。可以投诉，但是我看未必有用。blame:v.责备责备;谴责谴责;把把归咎于

17、归咎于 n.过失过失;责备责备 blame sb.for(doing)sth.因（做）某事而指责某人因（做）某事而指责某人 blame.on sb.把把.归咎于某人归咎于某人 be to blame(for sth.)(主动表被动主动表被动)应受责备应受责备 accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事承担责任对某事承担责任 put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人把某事归咎于某人【语境应用语境应用】单句填空。单句填空。1)Dont always blame your own failure _ others.Someti

18、mes you yourself are _(blame)不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人，有时该不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人，有时该 怪的是你自己。怪的是你自己。onto blame2)The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the lorry driver that should take the blame _ it.警方已经查明这起交通事故的起因，是那警方已经查明这起交通事故的起因，是那 位卡车司机应为此负责。位卡车司机应为此负责。for11.Accordingly,he had the

19、 handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.have sth done:使使被被 eg I had my car repaired today.handle n.柄；把手柄；把手 handle v.1)Ms Hawkins,the chief accountant of the company handles the companys accounts.C.管理管理2)The children are so naughty that I cant handle them.3)She handled a difficult a

20、rgument skillfully.F.控制控制;管管E.应付应付【语境应用语境应用】根据句意选择根据句意选择方框中的中文解释。方框中的中文解释。A.操作操作;运用运用 B.经销经销;买卖买卖 C.管理管理 D.对待对待 E.应付应付 F.控制控制;管管4)Handle children kindly,if you want them to trust you.5)This shop handles paper and stationery.6)He learnt how to handle the axe.D.对待对待B.经销；买卖经销；买卖A.操作；运用操作；运用A.操作操作;运用运用

21、B.经销经销;买卖买卖 C.管理管理 D.对待对待 E.应付应付 F.控制控制;管管12.The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.本句是复合句，含本句是复合句，含有有由由that引导的表语从句，引导的表语从句，句子主干结构是：句子主干结构是：The truth was that.【辨析辨析】truth后面常接后面常接同位语从句同位语从句，如：，如：eg The truth that he was a successful businessman surprised al

22、l of us.本句是一个同位语从句，句子主干结构是本句是一个同位语从句，句子主干结构是The truth surprised us.可译为：他是一个成功的可译为：他是一个成功的商人，这个事实让我们很吃惊。商人，这个事实让我们很吃惊。13.Moreover,Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera link n.a way in which two things or ideas are related to each other 联系联系，关联关联 e.g.Researchers have detect

23、ed a link between smoking and heart disease.研究研究人员发现了吸烟和心脏病之间的关系。人员发现了吸烟和心脏病之间的关系。link v.把把连接起来；相关联连接起来；相关联 link to/with eg Exactly how do we link words to objects?我们到底如何把词语和所指物体联系起来？我们到底如何把词语和所指物体联系起来？1.It is not only the leader but also the employees that _(link)with the case.2.The new bridge will

24、 link the island _ the mainland.3.The future welfare of their citizens is _(close)linked to education.4.China has had a commercial and cultural links _ distant Africa since the Han Dynasty.5.It is difficult to establish a direct link _ advertising and lifestyle.are linkedtoclosely with between【语境应用语

25、境应用】完成句子完成句子。14.and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.decrease v.to become less or go down to a lower level,or to make something do this （使）变小，（使）减少使）变小，（使）减少 decrease(from)to 减少到减少到 decrease by 减少了（表示减少的量）减少了（表示减少的量）decrease n.减少；降低；减少量减少；降低；减少量 a decrease in 的减少的减少

26、on the decrease/increase 在减少在减少/增加增加15.We now know how to prevent cholera,thanks to the work of John Snow.thanks to:with the help of;because of 幸亏，由于幸亏，由于 Thanks to your help,we succeeded It was all a great success thanks to a lot of hard work.【辨析辨析】thanks to,owing to,due to,because of词条词条用法用法常作成分常作

27、成分thanks to“多亏多亏”，多放在句首，多放在句首，用来表达正面意思用来表达正面意思(接近接近于原意于原意“感谢感谢”)，偶用，偶用于讽刺口吻于讽刺口吻作状语作状语owing to“由于、因为由于、因为”，可置，可置于句首或句末。于句首或句末。常作状语、常作状语、表语表语due to表示原因，可与表示原因，可与owing to 互换互换常作表语、常作表语、状语或定语状语或定语because of 着重某个结果的原因着重某个结果的原因常作状语常作状语16.Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.transform v.to c

28、ompletely change the appearance,form,or character of sth.or sb.,especially in a way that improves it 使改观，使变形，使转化使改观，使变形，使转化 transform(from)into 把把变成变成 transform with 用用来改变来改变 eg The movie transformed her almost overnight from an unknown schoolgirl into a star.那部电影几乎在一夜之间就让她从那部电影几乎在一夜之间就让她从一名默默无闻的女学生

29、变成了一位明星。一名默默无闻的女学生变成了一位明星。1.People wrote letters to get in touch in the past.Nowadays e-mails _(transform)the way people communicate.2.The Greggs have transformed their garage _ a guest house.3.Vitamins are needed for _ (transform)foods into energy and body maintenance.4.The other day she had her room _(transform)by painting it twice.have transformedintotransformingtransformed【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。