2022年全国高考英语乙卷卷解析及词汇拓展+课件+2023届高考英语复习.pptx

1、对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分2022|全国高考乙卷试题解析及词汇拓展 红色红色单词单词:考试中重点难点高频单词考试中重点难点高频单词蓝色蓝色单词单词:运用了构词法运用了构词法“*”符号符号:大脑风暴联想单词及其变大脑风暴联想单词及其变形形红色红色句子：试题答案之所在句子：试题答案之所在对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分Henry Raeburn（1756-1823）The Exhibition This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotlands best loved painter

2、,Sir Henry Raeburn,comes to London.Selected from collections throughout the world,it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.Lecture Series Scottish National Portrait（肖像画）Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.They are held in the Lecture Room.A

3、dmission to lectures is free.【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了为纪念苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利雷伯恩爵士进行的展览的相关情况。masterpiece|*masterwork|【构词法】con-/com-【共同】temporary-contemporaryadmission|*entry charge|compensation|pension|allowance|deposit【储蓄】commission【佣金】|balance【余额】|characterization【(书电影或戏剧中的)人物塑造角色刻画】【构词法】character-characterize-ch

4、aracterization|【21题】根据表格右上角Raeburns English Contemporaries部分“Thursday 30 Oct.可知阅读理解阅读理解A篇篇An Introduction to RaeburnSunday 26 Oct.,15.00DUNCAN THOMSONRaeburns English ContemporariesThursday 30 Oct.,13.10JUDY EGERTONCharacters and Characterisation in Raeburns PortraitsThursday 6 Nov.,13.10NICHOLAS PH

5、ILLIPSONRaeburn and Artists Training in the 18th CenturyThursday 13 Nov.,13.10MARTIN POSTLE对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分阅读理解阅读理解A篇篇 Exhibition Times Monday-Saturday 10.0017.45 Sunday 12.0017.45 Last admission to the exhibition:17.15.There is no re-admission.Closed:2426 December and 1 January.Admission 4.Children u

6、nder 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.Schools and Colleges A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education,up to and including those at first degree level,in organised groups with teachers.21.What is the right time for attending Raeburns Eng

7、lish Contemporaries?A.Sun.26 Oct.B.Thurs.30 Oct.C.Thurs.6 Nov.D.Thurs.13 Nov.22.How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A.4.B.8.C.12.D.16.23.How can full-time students get group discounts?They should go on Sunday mornings.B.They should come from art schools.C.They must b

8、e led by teachers.D.They must have ID cards with them.charge|费用有关词汇：*fare|rate|fee|tip|toll|passage|fine|refund|damagetop up【补充,装满;充值】【22题】4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入场。【23题】所有全日制教育的学生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场费。【答案】21.B 22.B 23.C对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 In 1916,two girls of wealthy families,best

9、friends from Auburn,N.Y.Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwoodtraveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.The girls had gone to Smith College.They wore expensive clothes.So for them to move to Elkhead,Colo.to instruct the children whose shoes were held togethe

10、r with string was a surprise.Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted:The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden,who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruffs granddaughter.Why did they go then?Well,they wanted to do something useful.Soon,however,t

11、hey realized what they had undertaken.They moved in with a local family,the Harrisons,and,like them,had little privacy,rare baths,and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.Some mornings,Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from

12、 the cold.In spring,the snow was replaced by mud over ice.In Wickendens book,she expanded on the history of the West and also【导语】这是一篇书评。本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。【24题】来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。settlement|*residence|inhabitationsubject【题目，主题；接受实验的对象】|*theme|topicnothing daunted【毫不气馁不畏艰难】*

13、daunt/discourage/alarm/panicdaunted/frightened/scared/alarmed/intimidated【胆怯的】dauting/alarming/discouraging【25题】和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。却发现孩子们因为冷而哭泣。在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上weep|*sob|wail【痛哭】|moan【悲叹】|mourn【哀悼】阅读理解阅读理解B篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分on feminism,which of course influenced the girls decision to go to

14、 Elkhead.A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads,which entailed（牵涉）（牵涉）drilling through the Rockies,often in blinding snowstorms.The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return to Auburn.Wickenden is a very good storyteller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism（坚忍）（坚忍）of the p

15、eople move her to some beautiful writing.Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff,on her horse,looking down from a hill top:When the sun slipped behind the mountains,it shed a rosy glow all around them.Then a full moon rose.The snow was marked only by small animals:foxes,coyotes,mice,and varying hares,

16、which turned white in the winter.【26题】令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。hair-raising|breathtaking|chilling|spine-chilling|shocking|striking|electrifyingentail/involve/cause/require【构词法】|*detail|retail|【27题】这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。shed/cast/throw/je

17、ttison/discard【短语】shed/cast/throw light on/enlighten mark/stain She hoped the blood from the cut on her arm would not stain her blouse.阅读理解阅读理解B篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分24.Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?A.To teach in a school.B.To study American history.B.To write a book.D.To do sight

18、seeing.25.What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?A.They enjoyed much respect.B.They had a room with a bathtub.C.They lived with the local kids.D.They suffered severe hardships.26.Which part of Wickendens writing is hair-raising?A.The extreme climate of Auburn.B.The living conditions in E

19、lkhead.C.The railroad building in the Rockies.D.The natural beauty of the West.27.What is the text?A.A news report.B.A book review.B.A childrens story.D.A diary entry.24.A 25.D 26.C 27.B阅读理解阅读理解B篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 Can a small group of drones（无人机）guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and,at

20、the same time,help railway operators save billions of euros each year?That is the very likely future of applying todays eyes in the sky technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure（基础设施）worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.Drones are already be

21、ing used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected,the more railway safety,reliab

22、ility and on-time performance will be improved.Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient（高效）across the board.That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion

23、euros【导语】本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。on a 24/7 basis=around the clock【31】一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元?这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。【28】无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面.precisely/exactly/infrastructure|*groundworkacross the

24、board【全盘的；全面地】approximately/roughly【29】据计算仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施阅读理解阅读理解C篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分a year on maintenance,including sending maintenance staff,often at night,to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones

25、 assisting the crews efforts.By using the latest technologies,drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways,detecting faults in the rail or switches,before they can cause any safety problems.To perform these tasks,drones for rail dont need to be flying overhead.Engineers are n

26、ow working on a new concept:the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train,and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to see ahead,they could

27、signal any problem,so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.crew【全体成员】|*board|panel In October,the school board recommended that uniforms become compulsory.Ive been invited to join the panel on a radio arts program.【30】工程师们现在正在研究一个新概念:未来的铁路无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨道上运行，并被设定为自动运行。阅读理解阅读理解C篇篇对方向

28、，刷高分对方向，刷高分28.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?A.The use of drones in checking on power lines.B.B.Drones ability to work at high altitudes.C.The reduction of cost in designing drones.D.Drones reliable performance in remote areas.29.What does maintenance underlined in parag

29、raph 3 refer to?A.Personnel safety.B.Assistance from drones.C.Inspection and repair.D.Construction of infrastructure.30.What function is expected of the rail drones?A.To provide early warning.B.To make trains run automatically.C.To earn profits for the crews.D.To accelerate transportation.31.Which i

30、s the most suitable title for the text?A.What Faults Can Be Detected with DronesB.How Production of Drones Can Be ExpandedC.What Difficulty Drone Development Will FaceD.How Drones Will Change the Future of RailwaysThe company quickly ramped up production to meet the demand.Gradually the train gather

31、ed momentum,and within seconds it was moving at top speed.阅读理解阅读理解C篇篇28.A 29.B 30.C 31.D 对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 The Governments sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate,the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April,2

32、016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml,was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（肥胖）.It is believed that todays children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar,putting them at a higher risk of the disease.Initially th

33、e sugar tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasury.However,data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount.At present it is expected to generate 240m for the year ending in April 2019,which will go to school sports.It comes after more than half of soft drinks

34、sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax.Drinks now contain 45 million【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来解决儿童以及青少年的健康问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。【32】该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。generate|*manufacture|produce|mass-produce|generate|*trigger

35、|evoke|spur|whip up|spark|set off|Initially|originally【起初】|initiative【倡议】【33】此前，制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半的软饮料的含糖量，以避免纳税。阅读理解阅读理解D篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers efforts to avoid the charge,according to Treasury figures.Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay b

36、etween 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import,depending on the sugar content.However,some high sugar brands,like Classic Coca Cola,have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers.Fruit juices,milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drin

37、ks are free of the tax,as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.Todays figures,according to one government official,show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools.Helping the next ge

38、neration to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance,and the industry is playing its part.【34】然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并拒绝改变，因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。【35】根据一位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑。阅读理解阅读理解D篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分32.Why was the suga

39、r tax introduced?A.To collect money for schools.B.To improve the quality of drinks.C.To protect childrens health.D.To encourage research in education.33.How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?A.They turned to overseas markets.B.B.They raised the prices of their products.C.They cut do

40、wn on their production.D.They reduced their products sugar content.34.From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?A.Most alcoholic drinks.B.Milk-based drinks.C.Fruit juices.D.Classic Coke.35.What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?A.It is a short-sighted decision.B

41、.It is a success story.C.It benefits manufacturers.D.It upsets customers.阅读理解阅读理解D篇篇32.C 33.D 34.D 35.B对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health.Here are five ways to sustain（保持）long-distance friendships.Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the charact

42、eristic that both sides equally contact（联系）and share with one another.With busy schedules,squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.36 _More isnt always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for yo

43、u both.37_ .There are alternatives to constant written communication,such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.Practise empathy（共情）38_ .The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.The one in the new environment s

44、hould be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.39 _.Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distancesustain|词汇风暴：词汇风暴：*maintain|attain|contain|detain|abstain|squeeze in/spare time for s.thset aside some time for s.th recognize|distinguish|acknowledge achievem

45、ent|accomplishment|fulfillment.阅读理解阅读理解E篇篇对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分friendships.Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible,extra effort goes a long way on special days.Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you

46、.Dont rely on technology alone 40 _,but long-distance friendships-even close ones-may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How to do it?Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.A.Remember important dates 【主题句总结】B.Compensate by writing l

47、etters 【同意复现】C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeperD.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it【同义复现】E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communicationF.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media【正反例证】G.You may be the friend

48、 who left or the one who was left behind【例证解释】keep track of|record slip【溜走】|*sneak|creep|steal|compensate|make up for stick to s.th|hold on to|hang on to|stick it out connectedness【社会关系；人缘】|well-collected【关系非常好的；连接良好；连接在一起】阅读理解阅读理解E篇篇36.D 37.B 38.G 39.A 40.F对方向，刷高分对方向，刷高分 Young children across the g

49、lobe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.For them,theres something highly exciting about 41 someone elses glance and making oneself unable to be seen.However,we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42 at hiding.They often cover only their eyes with their hands,leaving the rest of thei

50、r bodies 43 .For a long time,this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence that children are hopelessly egocentric（自我中心的）（自我中心的）creatures.But our 45 research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea.We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.Each 47