Unit2 Using language（Grammar）（ppt课件） -2022新外研版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、外研版（2019）英语 必修一010203Discovering the rulesStudying the rulesApplying the rules01 pineapple basketball pineapple basketball 01Discovering the rulesbutterflybutterflymooncakemooncake01Discovering the rulesCan you find out a common feature of these words?whether there was ham in a hamburger.We can scul

2、pt a sculpture and paint a painting.We can get seasick at sea.They are invisible.Discussion01Discovering the rules 一种语言的词汇绝不能看作是无生命的、完全的一种语言的词汇绝不能看作是无生命的、完全的整体。词汇是会通过其构词能力不断地生成和再整体。词汇是会通过其构词能力不断地生成和再生成的。生成的。构词法构词法（根据一定的规（根据一定的规律构成新单词的律构成新单词的方法）方法）Compounding（合成）Conversion（转化）Derivation（派生）Acronym（缩略

3、）02Studying the rulesCompounding（合成）（合成）create a new word by compounding two or more existing words(由两个或更多的词合成一个词由两个或更多的词合成一个词)02Studying the rules(1)n.+n.:air conditioner（空调）；（空调）；blood pressure（血压）（血压）(2)adj.+n.：central bank（中央银行）；（中央银行）；fast food（快餐）（快餐）(3)v-ing.+n.：washing machine（洗衣机）；（洗衣机）；dri

4、ving license（驾驶证）（驾驶证）(4)n.+v-ing.：story-telling（讲故事）；（讲故事）；hand-writing（笔迹）（笔迹）(5)adv.+v.：outbreak（爆发）；（爆发）；output（产量）（产量）(6)v.+adv.：breakdown（故障）；feedback（反馈）1.合成名词02Studying the rules2.合成形容词(1)词尾为过去分词或+ed:absent-minded（心不在焉的）；hand-made（手工的）(2)词尾为现在分词：good-looking（好看的）；easy-going（随和的）(3)词尾为形容词：dut

5、y-free（免税的）；homesick （想家的）3.合成动词 overcome（战胜）（战胜）;undergo（经历）（经历）4.合成副词whole-heartedly（全心全意地）;downstairs（在楼下）02Studying the rulesFind the Compounding words in the reading material and give the meanings.While were doing all this travelling,we can get seasick at sea,airsick in the air and carsick in a

6、 car,but we dont get homesick when we get back home.And speaking of home,why arent homework and housework the same thing?seasick（晕船）;airsick（晕机）;carsick（晕车）;homesick（想家）;homework（家庭作业）;housework（家务事）【即学即练】【即学即练】02Studying the ruleschange the part of speech（词性）（词性）(改变单词的词性改变单词的词性)Conversion（转化）（转化）(1

7、)(1)动词动词 名词名词Look at me.Let me have a look.(2)(2)名词名词 动词动词Open your book.I must book the ticket.(3)(3)形容词形容词 动词动词Our classroom is very clean.We clean our classroom every day.(4)(4)形容词形容词 名词名词(意义改变意义改变)You are right.Citizens have the right to speak freely.02Studying the rules请大家判断词性转化类型请大家判断词性转化类型,然后

8、翻译句子然后翻译句子(1)Let me have a try.(2)You could shoulder the task.(3)You should try your best to better your performance.(4)They are discussing the content of the story.v.-n.让我来试一试。让我来试一试。n.-v.你可以承担这项任务。你可以承担这项任务。adj.-v.你应该尽最大努力让自己有更好的表现。你应该尽最大努力让自己有更好的表现。adj.-n.他们正在讨论这个故事的内容。他们正在讨论这个故事的内容。【即学即练】【即学即练】0

9、2Studying the rulesDerivation 派生派生by adding a prefix or(and)a suffix(在词根上加上前、后缀构成在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词另外一个词)unemployment单词=前缀词根后缀改变词义词的本意改变词性02Studying the rulesPrefix-前缀前缀by-inter-mid-under-1.表示否定的前缀：dis-il-im-ir-in-un-2.表示空间位置，方向的前缀：02Studying the rulesPrefix-前缀前缀ex-foremid-post-3.表示比较程度差别关系的前缀：extra-

10、over-super-under4.表示时间的前缀：5.表示重复的前缀：re-6.表示动化的前缀：en-02Studying the rules1.1.表示否定意义前缀：表示否定意义前缀：Prefix-前缀前缀dis-in-il-im-ir-mis-non-un-convenient inconvenient(不方便的不方便的)legal illegal(不合法的不合法的)possible impossible(不可能的不可能的)responsible irresponsible(不负责的不负责的)ability disability(无能力无能力;残疾残疾)understand misund

11、erstand（误解）profit non-profit（非营利的）certain uncertain（不确定的）02Studying the rulesPrefix-前缀前缀by-“附近，邻近”road byroad（侧道）under-“在.下面”ground underground（地铁）inter-“在间，相互”national international（国际的）mid-“中间中间”night midnight（午夜）（午夜）,autumn mid-autumn（中秋）（中秋）re-“又,再”arrange rearrange（重新安排）en-“使.”able enable（使能够）p

12、re-“前”war pre-war（战前的）post-“后”war post-war（战后的）2.2.表示空间位置，表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀方向关系的前缀 4.4.表示其他意义表示其他意义3.3.表示时间表示时间02Studying the rulesadvantagesensitivemorallogicalreversible(可逆的）可逆的）necessary disadvantage 不利的不利的 insensitive 不敏感的不敏感的 immoral 不道德的不道德的 illogical 无逻辑的无逻辑的 irreversible 不可逆的不可逆的 unnecessary 没有

13、必要的没有必要的给以下单词加上前缀并猜测词义给以下单词加上前缀并猜测词义【即学即练】【即学即练】02Studying the rulesSuffix-后缀后缀-er:design designer（设计者）-or:act actor（演员）-ee:employ employee（雇员）-ist:art artist（艺术家）-ian:music musician（音乐家）-ant:assist assistant（助手）-ess:god goddess(女神)-ness:careless carelessness（粗心）（粗心）-ment:achieve achievement（成就）（成就）

14、-dom:free freedom（自由）（自由）-tion:attract attraction（吸引力）（吸引力）-ance:accept acceptance（接受）（接受）-ence:depend dependence（依赖）（依赖）-ture:mix mixture（混合，混合物）（混合，混合物）-y:recover recovery（恢复（恢复,痊愈）痊愈）2.2.其他名词后缀其他名词后缀02Studying the rulesSuffix-后缀后缀-able:avoid avoidable（可避免的）-tive:attract attractive(有吸引力的)-al:natio

15、n national（民族的）-(i)ous:danger dangerous（危险的）-ful:help helpful（有帮助的）-less:care careless（粗心的）-some:trouble troublesome(有麻烦的)-ial:influence influential(有影响力的)4.动词后缀-en:sharp sharpen（使尖锐）-fy:simple simplify （使简化）-ize:modern modernize（使现代化）5.副词后缀-ly:happy happily（高兴地）-s:indoor indoors（在室内）-ward(s):toward

16、（趋向）02Studying the rules找出段落中的派生词并猜测词义找出段落中的派生词并猜测词义The gesture“thumb-up”is commonly misinterpreted.In English,it is popularly known as thumbs up,despite the fact that the action is commonly performed with only one hand.English-speaking Caucasians use it to signal OK,which is the same meaning as O.K

17、.ring gesture.The two can in fact be used almost monly 通常地；misinterpret 误解；popularly 流行地；action 动作；interchangeably 可交换地【即学即练】【即学即练】02Studying the rulesAcronym（缩略）（缩略）A word formed from the first letters of the words that make up the name of sth.（缩略法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变）（缩略法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变）World Healt

18、h Organization WHO Information Technology ITtelephonephone aeroplaneplane2.2.截头缩略截头缩略1.1.首字母缩略首字母缩略examinationexam laboratorylab 3.3.去尾缩略去尾缩略02Studying the rulesMatch the words in bold to the types of word formation.1.changing the part of speech（词性）（词性）2.adding a prefix（前缀）（前缀）or suffix（后缀）（后缀）3.abb

19、reviating（缩略）（缩略）bining two or more wordsa.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.b.sculpt a sculpturec.When wesee rainwe can say“it raining”d.WHO【即学即练】【即学即练】03Studying the rules rain(形容词)_ agree(反义)_ nation(形容词)_ farm(人)_ recent(副词)_ friend(形容词)_ hope(形容词)_ job(形容词)_ visit(名词)_ access(形容词)_ e

20、ight(八十)_ true(名词)_ kind(名词)_ China(形容词)_1.按括号内的要求改写下列单词按括号内的要求改写下列单词rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreightykindnessdisagreefarmerfriendlyjoblessaccessibletruthChinese03Applying the rulesPractice(II)用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空：用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空：1.Harry Potter is a boy who is full of _(imagine)2._(congratulate)!

21、You have done so well in the game.3.I received a letter of _(invite)but I didnt accept it.4.His late _(arrive)made a mess of our plan.5.To the _(amaze)of the parents,their child can look after himself without their help.6.He did exercise to _(strong)his muscles.7.I went out to _(breath)the fresh air

22、.8.Dont take his words _(serious);he was just kidding.9.The boy felt _ (comfort)with his new classmates,so he seldom spoke.10.The _(popular)of foreign words is part of the Japanese interest in anything new.11.The boys _(usual)behavior puzzled the doctor.12.He _(like)those who are not well-behaved.13.He was _(formal)dressed in a blue silk shirt open to the neck.imaginationCongratulationsinvitation arrivalamazementstrengthen breatheseriouslyuncomfortablepopularityunusual dislikes informally03Applying the rules