2020牛津译林版选择性必修一Unit4重点单词精讲精练课件.pptx

1、选择性必修第一册Unit 4 VOCABULARY11.frozen adj.结冰的,冰封的;冷冻的;冻僵的 v.(使)冻结;冰冻 _ adj.冰冻的;极冷的 _ _ 吓呆，惊呆吓呆，惊呆 She stared at him,_.她惊呆了，直瞪着他。她惊呆了，直瞪着他。freeze freezing be frozen with frozen with shockIts _ cold outside.外面极为寒冷。外面极为寒冷。来源：牛津词典来源：牛津词典freezingadv.to become hard,and often turn to ice,as a result of extrem

2、e cold;to make sth do this（使）冻结，结冰（使）冻结，结冰2.grasp v.n.理解，领会；抓紧，紧握；控制；能力所及 _ the grasp of sb 为.所不能理解 _ ones grasp 能力所及 have a good grasp of _ to do.抓住机会去做.1.to take a firm hold of sb/sth 抓紧抓紧;抓牢抓牢2.to understand sth completely 理解；领会；领悟；明白理解；领会；领悟；明白 a chance/an opportunity to take an opportunity with

3、out hesitating and use it 急忙抓住，毫不犹豫地抓住（机会）急忙抓住，毫不犹豫地抓住（机会）beyondwithin 掌握得好掌握得好 grasp the opportunity/chanceI_ they had to offer books,music,church life and community activities.我抓住他们提供的所有机会书籍、音乐、教会生活和社区活动.grasped all the opportunities3.detect vt._ n.探测;侦查;察觉;发现 _ n.探测器 _ n.侦探 adj.侦探的to discover or

4、notice sth,especially sth that is not easy to see,hear,etc.发现；查明；侦察出发现；查明；侦察出detection detectordetectiveMost skin cancers are completely curable_ in the early stages.大部分的皮肤癌若在早期发现都能完全治愈。大部分的皮肤癌若在早期发现都能完全治愈。if plex adj.n.（类型相似的）建筑群;相关联的一组事物;情结a complex argument/problem/subject 复杂难懂的论证问题科目a sports com

5、plex _This is just one of a whole complex of issues.这仅仅是_ 之一。Our aim is to simplify the complex social insurance system.我们的目的是要_。made of many different things or parts that are connected;difficult to understand 复杂的；难懂的；费解的复杂的；难懂的；费解的 containing one main part(=the root of a word or main clause of a s

6、entence)and one or more other parts(affixes or subordinate clauses)复合的（指词根加有词缀或主句含有从句）复合的（指词根加有词缀或主句含有从句）(SYN complicated)综合体育场综合体育场所有相关的问题所有相关的问题简化复杂的社会保险体系5.contradictory adj.相互矛盾的,对立的 _ vt.反驳;相矛盾 _ n.(事实、看法、行动等的)不一致,矛盾;反驳We are faced with two _ _ statements.我们面前这两种说法显然是矛盾的。The advice I received _

7、.我所得到的建议常常是相互矛。If two or more facts,ideas,or statements are contradictory,they state or imply that opposite things are true.(事实、观点、陈述等事实、观点、陈述等)相互矛盾的相互矛盾的contradiction contradict apparently contradictorywas often contradictory6.dig up 发现;搜集;查明;（在播种或建筑前）掘地;平整土地;掘起，挖掘出Tabloid newspapers love to dig up

8、 scandal.通俗小报都热衷于_。An old Roman vase _ here last month.上个月在此地出土了一个古罗马花瓶。dig into sth 开始津津有味地吃,开始贪婪地吃;探究,探寻,探询She dug into her bowl of pasta.她津津有味地吃着碗里的面条。Will you _ and see what you find?你稍微探究一下他的过去看看能发现什么，好吗？刨丑闻刨丑闻was dug updig a little into his past7.interpret vt._ n.口译员 _ n.解释;理解;演绎The students w

9、ere asked to interpret the poem.学生们被要求_那首诗的意义。She couldnt speak much English so her children had to _her.她讲不了几句英语，所以她的孩子们得给她翻译给她翻译。I didnt know whether to_ acceptance or refusal.我不知该把她的沉默看作是接受还是拒绝。to explain the meaning of sth 诠释；说明诠释；说明to decide that sth has a particular meaning and to understand i

10、t in this way 把把理解为；领会理解为；领会to translate one language into another as you hear it 口译口译to perform a piece of music,a role in a play,etc.in a way that shows your feelings about its meaning 演绎（按自己演绎（按自己的感觉演奏音乐或表现的感觉演奏音乐或表现角色）角色）interpreterinterpretation 诠释诠释interpret for sb 为某人翻译interpret sth(as sth)把理

11、解为；领会interpret for interpret her silence as 8.patience n._ adj.有耐心的;能忍耐的 n.病人 _ adv.耐心地 _ patience 耐心地 have/_.对.有/无耐心 have the patience to do.有做.的耐心 be patient _ 对.有耐心the ability to stay calm and accept a delay or sth annoying without complaining 耐心；忍耐力耐心；忍耐力the ability to spend a lot of time doing

12、sth difficult that needs a lot of attention and effort 毅力；坚忍；恒心毅力；坚忍；恒心patient patientlywithlose patience with.with_ we can overcome almost anything while without it we can ruin almost anything.With patience9.aside adv.到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除.以外set sth aside 把放到一旁（或搁到一边）；省出，留出（钱或时间）;暂时不考虑（或放一放）aside from=apar

13、t from 除了.put aside 撇开；把.放在一边，暂不考虑；储存备用1.The room was empty_ one man seated beside the fire.2.Its much wise to _ some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful.3.They decided to_ their differences.4.She tries to _ some money every month.aside fromset aside put asideset aside这个房间别无他人，

14、除了一个坐在炉火旁的男人。留出一些时间陪伴父母或做一些更有意义的事情是很明智的。他们决定搁置双方的分歧。她每个月都尽量存点钱。10.reward vt.奖励,奖赏 n.奖励,回报;悬赏金 _ adj.报酬高的报酬高的;有益的有益的;值得做的值得做的v-to give sth to sb because they have done sth good,worked hard,etc.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬奖励；奖赏；给以报酬n-a thing that you are given because you have done sth good,worked hard,etc.奖励；回奖励；回报；报酬

15、报；报酬n-an amount of money that is offered to sb for helping the police to find a criminal or for finding sth that is lost 赏格；悬赏金赏格；悬赏金rewarding She _ her efforts with a cash bonus.她因自己所作的努力而得到一笔奖金。_your kind heart,I forgive you for all your old mischief.为了报答你的好心，我原谅你过去的一切胡闹。was rewarded forreward sb

16、for(doing)sth 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬In reward for in reward for 作为报答；作作为报答；作为为的报酬的报酬11.constantly adv.constant adj.不变的;连续发生的Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是_。a constant stream of visitors all day 整天_的游客Babies need constant attention.婴儿_。日新月异日新月异络绎不绝络绎不绝一刻也离不开人一刻也离不开人all the time;repeatedly 始终；一直；重复不断地始终；一直；重

17、复不断地12.perceive perceive sb./sth._ 把.看做 be perceived _ 将.理解为，将.视为 perceive that.意识到.to notice or become aware of sth 注意到；注意到；意识到；察觉到意识到；察觉到to understand or think of sb/sth in a particular way 将将理解为；将理解为；将视为；认为视为；认为as/to be.as/to be.This discovery _ a major breakthrough.这一发现被视为一项重大突破。She did not _.她没

18、有把自己看成残疾人。They were widely perceived _.人们普遍认为他们的运气不佳。was perceived asperceive herself as disabledto have been unlucky 13.reality n.real adj.真正的;真的;真实的 really adv.真正地,真实地 _ adj.现实的;实际的_ 实际上，事实上 _ 成为现实realisticin reality=in factcome into reality Not really.不完全是；不见得 be realistic about 对.实事求是的a realisti

19、c target 切实的目标 a realistic drawing 逼真的绘画 U the true situation and the problems that actually exist in life,in contrast to how you would like life to be 现实；实际情况现实；实际情况 C a thing that is actually experienced or seen,in contrast to what people might imagine 事实；实际事实；实际经历；见到的事物经历；见到的事物选择性必修第一册Unit 4 VOCA

20、BULARY21.belief n.看法,信念;信仰;相信,信心 believe v.相信;认为真实 _ adj.可信的 _ adj.难以置信的belief _ sth/sb 相信；信心belief _ God/democracy 对上帝民主的笃信belief that.看法；信念religious/political beliefs 宗教政治信仰I admire his passionate belief_ he is doing.我佩服他对自己的工作所抱的坚定信心。我佩服他对自己的工作所抱的坚定信心。She acted _ she was doing good.她这么做是因为她认定自己是在

21、做好事。她这么做是因为她认定自己是在做好事。_,he was not responsible for the tragedy.与大家的看法相反，他对这出悲剧没有责任。与大家的看法相反，他对这出悲剧没有责任。believable unbelievable inin in whatin the belief that Contrary to popular beliefa strong feeling that sth/sb exists or is true;confidence that sth/sb is good or right 相信；信心相信；信心an opinion about st

22、h;sth that you think is true 看法；信念看法；信念something that you believe,especially as part of your religion 信仰；宗教信仰信仰；宗教信仰2.bend (bent-bent)bent adj.弯曲的；弯腰的，驼背的；（非正式）不诚实的；决心的be bent _ sth 决心要做，一心想做to lean,or make sth lean,in a particular direction（使）倾（使）倾斜，偏向斜，偏向 to force sth that was straight into an ang

23、le or a curve 把把弄弯（或折起）弄弯（或折起）to change direction to form a curve or an angle;to make sth change direction in this way（使）拐弯，弯曲（使）拐弯，弯曲She _ pick up the newspaper.她弯腰去捡报纸她弯腰去捡报纸。Bend your knees,keeping your back straight._，背部挺直背部挺直。He bent the wire _ the shape of a square.他把铁丝折成正方形他把铁丝折成正方形。The road

24、_ the right.路向右急转弯路向右急转弯。She seems _life difficult for me.她似乎专门和我过不去。她似乎专门和我过不去。on doingbent forward to膝盖弯曲bent sharply tobent on making into 3.claim v.宣称，声称；要求；索取；赢得，获得；引起（注意）；夺去（生命）；索赔（钱财）n.声称，宣称；所有权；索赔I dont claim _.我不敢自称为专家。It _ some doctors were working 80 hours a week.据说有些医生每周工作80小时。A lot of l

25、ost property is never claimed.许多失物_。Hes not entitled to claim unemployment benefit.他无权_失业救济金。The car crash _.那次车祸夺去了三人的生命。to say that sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it 宣称；宣称；声称；断言声称；断言to demand or ask for sth because you believe it is your legal right to

26、 own or to have it 要求要求（拥有）；索取；认领（拥有）；索取；认领to ask for money f r o m t h e government or a company because you have a right to it 索要；索取索要；索取to be an expertwas claimed that从未被认领从未被认领要求领取要求领取claimed three lives to cause sbs death 夺走，夺走，夺去（生命）夺去（生命）4.dare v.敢于，胆敢；激（某人做某事）He didnt _(dare)say what he thou

27、ght.他不敢说出他的想法。She _breathe a word of it to anybody.她对任何人都只字不敢提及此事。Some of the older boys had _ it.几个大男孩激他，问他敢不敢干这事。dont you dare!让人绝不要做某事）你敢，谅你不敢_ anything to anybody.谅你不敢对任何人提起这事儿。how dare you,etc.（表示气愤）你竟然，你竟敢dare(to)dared not dared him to doDont you dare sayI dare say I dare say_ 我想；很可能；大概_ you k

28、now about it already.你大概已经知道了 5.characterize vt.是的特征,以为典型;使具有特点;描述,刻画 _ n.特性;品质;符号;人物 _ n.特点;特性;品质 adj.典型的;特有的the rolling hills that characterize this part of England 成为英格兰这一地区_The city_ tall modern buildings in steel and glass.这座城市的特点是钢铁和玻璃建造的现代化高楼大厦林立。character characteristic特征的绵延起伏的丘陵地 is charact

29、erized by that are characterized as characterize sb/sth(as sth)描述，刻画，表现（的特征、特点）activities_ _male or female work 被描述为“男性”或“女性”工作的各种活动。6.encounter v.n.相遇，遭遇，冲突The story describes the extraordinary encounter between a man and a dolphin.这个故事描述了一个男人与一只海豚之间的_。We _ in the first week.我们在第一周遇到了一些困难。I _ such

30、resistance before.我以前从未遇到过这么大的阻力。counter n.柜台；对立面；计数器；vt.反击，还击；反驳under the counter 秘密地，暗地里，非法地to experience sth,especially sth unpleasant or difficult,while you are trying to do sth else 遭遇，遇到（尤指令人不快或困难的事）遭遇，遇到（尤指令人不快或困难的事）to meet sb,or discover or experience sth,especially sb/sth new,unusual or une

31、xpected 偶然碰到；意外地遇见；与偶然碰到；意外地遇见；与邂逅邂逅encountered a number of difficultieshad never encountered奇遇奇遇7.boom n.v.a sudden increase in trade and economic activity;a period of wealth and success（贸易（贸易和经济活动的）激增，繁荣和经济活动的）激增，繁荣 to make a loud deep sound 轰鸣；轰响轰鸣；轰响to say sth in a loud deep voice 以低沉有力的声以低沉有力的声

32、音说音说F BUSINESS/ECONOMY 商业；经济商业；经济 V to have a period of rapid growth;to become bigger,more successful,etc.迅速迅速发展；激增；繁荣昌盛发展；激增；繁荣昌盛a boom in car sales 汽车销售额的剧增By the 1980s,the computer industry _.到20世纪80年代时，计算机行业迅猛发展。Outside,thunder _.外面雷声隆隆，霹雳炸响。was boomingboomed and crashed8.tolerant adj._ n.宽容;容忍;

33、忍耐力 _ v.容忍,允许able to accept what other people say or do even if you do not agree with it 忍受的；容忍的；宽容的忍受的；容忍的；宽容的able to survive or operate in difficult conditions 能在困难条件下生存（或操作）的；能耐能在困难条件下生存（或操作）的；能耐的的tolerance toleratebe tolerant of 容忍，忍受 tolerate doing.容忍做某事 The plants _frost.这些植物耐霜这些植物耐霜She refuse

34、d to _ a liar.她拒不接受被称为撒谎者。她拒不接受被称为撒谎者。are tolerant of tolerate being called9.distinguish vt.&vi.distinguish A _ B=distinguish _A and B 区分A和B from between to recognize the difference between two people or things 区分区分;辨别辨别;分清分清 to be a characteristic that makes two people,animals or things different 成

35、为成为的特征；的特征；使具有使具有的特色；使有别于的特色；使有别于to do sth so well that people notice and admire you 使出众；使使出众；使著名；使受人青睐著名；使受人青睐At what age are children able to_?儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非？What was it that _?是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？She has already _ an athlete.作为运动员她已享有盛名。distinguish between right and wrongdistinguished her from her cl

36、assmatesdistinguished herself asdistinguished adj.卓越的，著名的；高贵的，受尊重的a distinguished career in medicine 在医学领域的_ distinguished guests _辉煌生涯嘉宾；上宾；尊贵的客人；高朋10.representative adj.典型的,有代表性的 n.典型人物,代表性人物;代表 represent vt.展现;展示;代表 _ n.描述;表现 representation a representative of.的代表 represent.as.把.描绘成.represent sb

37、to do sth 代表某人做某事 represent to sb sth 向某人传达某事a representative of the UN 联合国代表The painting is not representative of his work of the period.这幅画不是他在那个时期的_。The competition attracted over 500 contestants_ _ 8 different countries.这次比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名参赛者。代表作代表作 representing11.cast vt.投射;向.投以（视线、笑容等）;投，抛；选

38、派角色 n.全体演员；投，抛She _ his direction.她向他微笑以示欢迎。The setting sun cast an orange glow _ the mountains.橘红色的夕阳辉映着群山。cast a welcoming smile inovercast doubt on/upon sth 使人怀疑This latest evidence casts serious doubt on his version of events.最新的证据_。The play is being cast in both the US and Britain.目前正在英美两国_。He

39、has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie.他_她在他最近的一部影片里_。使人们十分怀疑他对事件的说法使人们十分怀疑他对事件的说法挑选这部戏的演员选定她在他最近的一部影片里扮演一名雄心勃勃的律师The priceless treasures had been cast into the Nile.价值连城的珍宝价值连城的珍宝_。被扔进了尼罗河12.owe vt.欠；感激；应给予；应该把归功于owe sb sth/owe sth to sb 欠（债）,欠（账）;欠（情）owe sth to sb/sth 归因于；归功于；起源于S

40、he still _.=She still owes _.她还欠她父亲3 000英镑。I owe a debt of gratitude to all my family.我_我的全家人。You owe me a favour!你还_哪！I think you _.我认为你应当给我们一个解释。He owes _ hard work.他的成功是靠勤奋工作。owes her father 3 0003 000 to her father很感激很感激欠我个人情owe us an explanationhis success to 13.fascinate vt.&vi.fascinated adj.

41、极感兴趣的;入迷的 fascinating adj.迷人的 _ n.魅力;极大的吸引力;入迷China has always fascinated me.中国一直_。It was a question that_ since he was a boy.这是他自幼就着迷的问题。Ive always been fascinated by his ideas.我总是_。fascinationto attract or interest sb very much 深深吸引；迷住深深吸引；迷住令我心驰神往 had fascinated him对他的想法极感兴趣a fascinating story/su

42、bject 迷人的故事；趣味无穷的话题Its _ how different people approach the problem.看到不同的人怎样处理这个问题真是有趣极了。fascinating to see14.entitle v.be entitled to sth 使享有权利；使符合资格 sb to sth to give sb the right to have or to do sth 使享有使享有权利；使符合资格权利；使符合资格You will be entitled to your pension when you reach 65.你到65岁就_养老金。Everyones

43、entitled to their own opinion.人人_的意见。有资格享受有资格享受都有权发表自己都有权发表自己This ticket does not entitle you to travel first class._坐头等舱。凭这张票你不能15.blame vt.n.sb/sth(for sth)sth on sb/sth to think or say that sb/sth is responsible for sth bad 把把归咎于；责怪；指责归咎于；责怪；指责responsibility for doing sth badly or wrongly;saying

44、that sb is responsible for sth（坏事或错事的）责任；责备；指责（坏事或错事的）责任；责备；指责blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人 blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人 be to blame for 因某事而受到责备；（对坏事）负有责任Police are _ dangerous driving.警方把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶。Which driver _ the accident?哪位司机是此次事故的肇事者.She doesnt _her fathers death.她没把她父亲的死归罪于任何人。blaming the accident

45、onwas to blame forblame anyone for 16.allowance n.津贴，补助；零用钱；允许；限额make allowance for 考虑到，估计到;体谅；谅解an allowance of$20 a day 每天20元补贴a clothing/living/travel allowance 服装生活交通补贴a baggage allowance of 20 kilos 行李限重20公斤 The plan _ people working at different rates.这个计划没有把人们工作速度不同考虑在内。makes no allowance forTHANK YOU