The-Famous-Battles-of-World-War-Two二战中的重要战役课件.ppt

1、By Zi Mu 1939.09.01 The Invasion of Poland(波兰闪击战)1940.05.19 The Battle of Dunkirk（敦克尔克大撤退）1940.07.10 Battle of Britain（不列颠之战）1941.10.02 Battle of Moscow（莫斯科保卫战）1941.12.07 Attack on Pearl Harbor（偷袭珍珠港）1942.06.04 Battle of Midway（中途岛海战）1942.08.07 Naval Battle of Guadalcanal（瓜岛争夺战）1944.06.06 Normandy l

2、andings（诺曼底登陆）1945.04.16 Battle of Berlin（柏林战役）1945.04.01 Battle of Okinawa（冲绳岛战役）Contents The Invasion of PolandDate:1 September 1939 6 October 1939(1 month and 5 days)Location:PolandResult:Decisive German and Soviet victory.Beginning of World War IITerritorial changes:Polish territory divided betw

3、een Germany,the Soviet Union,Lithuania and Slovakia Belligerents:Germany,Slovakia,Soviet Union(After 17 September)PolandMain commanders and leaders:Adolf Hitler(阿道夫希特勒德国),Edward Rydz-migy(爱德华雷兹-希米格维波兰)Strength:Germany,Slovakia,Soviet Union(2,000,000+)Poland(950,000)Casualties and losses:Germany,Slov

4、akia,Soviet Union(59,000)Poland(904,000)The map shows the beginning of World War II in September 1939 in a wider European context.Planned and actual divisions of Poland,according to the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact,with later adjustments Polish Infantry Polish 7TP light tank Polish destroyers evacuate th

5、e Baltic Sea on route to the United KingdomThe Battle of Dunkirk Date:19 May 1940 4 June 1940 Location:Dunkirk,France Result:The coalition forces successfully retreated to the United Kingdom Belligerents:Britain,France,Belgium Germany Strength:Coalition(400,000)Germans(800,000)Main commanders and le

6、aders:Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt(卡尔鲁道夫格德冯伦德施泰特德);Rod Scott(罗德高特英);Wei Gang(魏刚法)The battle in withdrawalVessels used in withdrawThe beaches they leftBattle of Britain Date:10 July 31 October 1940(3 months and 3 weeks)Location:United Kingdom airspace Result:Decisive British victory Belligerents:Un

7、ited Kingdom;Canada Germany;Italy Main commanders and leaders:Winston Churchill(温斯顿丘吉尔英);Hugh Dowding(休丁);Adolf Hitler(阿道夫希特勒德);Hermann Goering(赫尔曼戈林德)Strength:1,963 serviceable aircraft 2,550 serviceable aircraft Casualties and losses:United Kingdom and Canada(544 aircrew killed;422 aircrew wounded

8、;1,547 aircraft destroyed)Germany and Italy(2,698 aircrew killed;967 captured;638 missing bodies;1,887 aircraft destroyed)An Observer Corps spotter scans the skies of London.German Heinkel He 111 bombers over the English Channel 1940 Calais,September 1940.Gring giving a speech to pilots about the ch

9、ange in tactics:to bomb the towns instead of the airfields.Bombing of London.Date:2 October 1941 7 January 1942 Location:Moscow region,Russian SFSR,Soviet Union Result:Decisive Soviet victory Strategic Soviet success German operational and tactical failure Setback of Operation Barbarossa Belligerent

10、s:Germany Soviet Union Battle of Moscow Main commanders and leaders:Adolf Hitler;Fedor von Bock(费多尔冯博克德);Heinz Guderian(海因茨威廉古德里安德);Albert Kesselring(凯塞林德);Georgy Zhukov(格奥尔吉朱可夫苏联);Aleksandr Vasilevsky(亚历山大华西列夫斯基苏联)Strength:Germany(1,929,406 men;1,700 tanks;14,000 guns;Initial aircraft:549)Soviet Un

11、ion(1,250,000 men;3,232 tanks;7,600 guns;Initial aircraft:936)Casualties and losses:Germany(280,000750,000;1,2009,000 vehicles crippled)Soviet Union(500,0001,280,000)December 1941.Soviet troops in winter gear,supported by tanks,counter-attack German forces.A 7 November 1941 parade by the Soviet troo

12、ps on the Red Square depicted on this 1949 painting by Konstantin Yuon vividly demonstrates the symbolic significance of the event.The eastern front at the time of the Battle of Moscow:Initial Wehrmacht advance to 9 July 1941 Subsequent advances to 1 September 1941 Encirclement and battle of Kiev to

13、 9 September 1941 Final Wehrmacht advance to 5 December 194Attack on Pearl Harbor Date:December 7,1941 Location:Primarily Pearl Harbor,Hawaii Territory,United States Result:Japanese major tactical victory United States declaration of war on the Empire of Japan Germany and Italy declare war on the Un

14、ited States Belligerents:United States Empire of Japan Main commanders and leaders:Husband Kimmel(哈斯柏登金梅尔美);Walter Short(沃尔特肖特美);Chuichi Nagumo(南云忠一日);Isoraku Yamamoto (山本五十六日)Strength:American(8 battleships;8 cruisers;30 destroyers;4 submarines;1 USCG Cutter;49 other ships;390 aircraft)Japan(6 airc

15、raft carriers;2 battleships;2 heavy cruisers;1 light cruiser;9 destroyers;8 tankers;23 fleet submarines;5 midget submarines;414 aircraft)Importance:The outbreak of the Pacific War二战实录：偷袭珍珠港（彩色影像）.flvBattle of Midway Date:47 June 1942 Location:Midway Atoll (2812N;17721W)Result:Decisive American victo

16、ry Belligerents:United States Empire of Japan Main commanders and leaders:Chester W.Nimitz(切斯特威廉尼米兹美);Frank Jack Fletcher(法兰克杰克弗莱彻美);Raymond A.Spruance(雷蒙德阿姆斯斯普鲁恩斯美);Chuichi Nagumo(南云忠一日);Isoraku Yamamoto (山本五十六日);Yamaguchi Tamon(山口多闻日)Strength:American(3 carriers;25 support ships;233 carrier-based

17、aircraft;127 land-based aircraft;Total:28 ships)Japan(4 carriers;2 battleships;15 support ships;248 carrier-based aircraft;16 floatplanes;Total:185 ship)Casualties and losses:American(1 carrier sunk;1 destroyer sunk;150 aircraft destroyed;307 killed)Japan(4 carriers sunk;1 cruiser sunk;248 carrier a

18、ircraft destroyed;3,057 killed)Importance:The turning point of the war in the PacificU.S.Douglas SBD-3 Dauntless dive bombers from the USS Hornet about to attack the burning Japanese cruiser Mikuma for the third time on 6 June 1942 USS Yorktown at Pearl Harbor days before the battle.Eastern Island u

19、nder attack Devastators of VT-6 aboard USS Enterprise being prepared for take off during the battle.Naval Battle of Guadalcanal Date:1215 November 1942 Location:Guadalcanal,Solomon Islands Result:United States strategic victory Belligerents:United States Empire of JapanMain commanders and leaders:Wi

20、lliam Halsey,Jr(小威廉海尔赛美);Alexander Archer Vandegrift(亚历山大阿切尔范德格里夫特美);Willis A.Lee(威利斯李美);Isoroku Yamamoto(山本五十六日)Strength:American(60,000 ground forces);Japan(36,200 ground forces)Casualties and losses:American(7100 people were killed;Four were captured;Loss of 29 warships and 615 Aircraft);Japan(31

21、,000 people were killed;1000 captured;Loss of 38 warships and 683-880 Aircraft)Smoke rises from two Japanese aircraft shot down off Guadalcanal on 12 November 1942.Photographed from USS President Adams;ship at right is USS Betelgeuse.Approximate routes of Japanese force under Abe(red line)and U.S.fo

22、rce under Callaghan(black line)as they head towards each other early on 13 November in Ironbottom Sound between Savo Island,Cape Esperance,and Lunga Point on Guadalcanal.The green area near Lunga Point on Guadalcanal marks the location of Henderson Field.U.S.aircraft attacked JapaneseU.S.Navy patrol

23、 to crossing the riverThe killed Japanese soldiersU.S.aircraft carrier was burnedNormandy landings Date:6 June 1944 Location:Normandy,France Result:Decisive Allied victory Territorial:Five Allied beachhead established Changes:in NormandyBelligerents:United Kingdom;United States;Canada;Poland;Norway;

24、Australia;New Zealand;Netherlands;Belgium Germany Main commanders and leaders:Dwight David Eisenhower(德怀特大卫艾森豪威尔美);Arthur Tedder（亚瑟泰德英);Gerd von Rundstedt(格特冯伦德施泰特德)Strength:Allied(156,000);Germany(10,000)Casualties and losses:Allied(At least 12,000 overall casualties);Germany(Estimated between 4,00

25、0 and 9,000 casualties)U.S.Army troops wade ashore on Omaha Beach on the morning of 6 June 1944,(planned for the morning of 5 June,but delayed one day due to bad weather).D-day assault routes into Normandy Large landing craft convoy crosses the English Channel on 6 June 1944 Personnel of Royal Canad

26、ian Navy Beach Commando W landing on Mike Beach,Juno sector of the Normandy beachhead.6 June 1944 Survivors of a sunken troop transport are assisted ashore on Omaha Beach Landing craft approach the beach as smoke on the shore emanates from German positions Battle of Berlin Date:16 April 2 May 1945 L

27、ocation:Berlin,Germany Result:Decisive Soviet victory(Suicide of Hitler and other high-ranking Nazi officials;Unconditional surrender of the city Berlin garrison on 2 May.German forces still fighting the battle outside Berlin capitulated on 8/9 May(following the unconditional surrender of all German

28、 forces)Belligerents:Soviet Union;Poland Germany Main commanders and leaders:Zhukov(朱可夫苏联);Chuikov(崔可夫苏联);Wilhelm Keitel(凯特尔德国);Helmuth Otto Ludwig Weidling(黑尔姆特奥托路德维希魏德林德国)Strength:Soviet Union(2.5 million)Germany(1.0 million)Casualties and losses:Soviet Union(330,000)Germany(480,000)After the batt

29、le,Soviet soldiers hoist the Soviet flag on the balcony of the Hotel Adlon in Berlin Soviet artillery bombarding German positions during the battle for Seelow Heights Soviet Katyusha multiple rocket launchers fire in Berlin,April 1945.This example is a BM-13N,132 mm rocket launcher mounted on a Lend

30、-Lease U.S.Studebaker truck A devastated street in the city centre just off the Under den Linden,3 July 1945 Battle of Okinawa Date:1 April 22 June 1945 Location:Okinawa,Japan Result:Allied victory Belligerents:Allied(United States;United Kingdom;Canada;Australia;New Zealand)Japan Main commanders an

31、d leaders:Joseph Stilwell(约瑟夫史迪威美);Ushijima Mitsuru(牛岛满日)Strength:Allied(548,000);Japanese troops(100,000)Casualties and losses:Allied(84,570);Japan(105,755)A map of U.S.operations during the battleA Marine from the 2nd Battalion,1st Marines on Wana Ridge provides covering fire with his Thompson sub

32、machine gun,18 May 1945.USS Bunker Hill burns after being hit by two kamikazes within 30 seconds.The Japanese battleship Yamato explodes after persistent attacks from U.S.aircraft.The battleship USS Idaho shells Okinawa on 1 April 1945.Marines pass through a destroyed small village where a Japanese soldier lies dead,April 1945 祝您成功！祝您成功！