1、生物医学研究院吕 忠 显 1 1人体测量法人体测量法 身高标准体重法 皮褶厚度法 体质指数（BMI,body mass index）BMI的公式为：BMI体重(kg)身高(m)2，单位为kgm2 2 2物理测量法物理测量法 全身电传导 生物电阻抗 双能线吸收 计算机断层扫描法 核磁共振扫描 3 3化学测量法化学测量法 包括：稀释法、40K计数、尿肌酐测定法。Weight(lb)23222119181716151525242221201918171627262423212019181729272624232220191831292826242322212033312927262423222135
2、333129272624232237353331292726242339373432302927262441383634323029272643403836343230282745424037353331302847444139373533312949464340383634323051484542403735333253494644413937353355514845434038363457535047444239373559555249464341393763595552484643414066625855524946444170666258555249464474706561585552
3、4946787369656157545149120130140150160170180190200210220320340360240250260230270280290380300400Height(in)1 lb=454g1 in=25.4mm010203040506070Body Fat(%)Body Mass Index(kg/m2)0103040602050WomenMenAdditional risks:Large waist circumference(men40 in;women 35 in)5 kg or more weight gain since age 18-20 y
4、Poor aerobic fitness Specific races and ethnic groups1998BRFSS,1990,1998,2006(*BMI 30,or about 30 lbs.overweight for 54”person)20061990No Data 10%10%14%15%19%20%24%25%29%30%生活方式生活方式 心理学因素心理学因素医学因素医学因素 遗传遗传 肥胖肥胖 环境因素环境因素0255075100Age-Adjusted Relative RiskBody Mass index(kg/m2)222323-23.924-24.925-26
5、.927-28.929-30.931-32.933-34.935+1.02.91.04.31.05.01.58.12.215.84.427.640.354.093.26.711.621.342.101020304050BMI 308-y Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome(%)Waist circumference level 2*Level 2=waist 40 inches in men or 35 inches in women.9.9820.4519.7733.43Adjusted for BMI,age(continuous),age2,smoking,p
6、arental history of myocardial infarction,alcohol consumption,physical activity,menopausal status,hormone replacement therapy,aspirin intake,saturated fat,and antioxidant score.P 0.001 for trend.00.511.522.5Waist-HipRatioTertileRelative riskBody Mass Index Tertile213321分泌性脂肪细胞Portal and Peripheral In
7、flammatory Adipokines in Extreme Human Obesity 14.7 1114.3 10Total adiponectin(g/ml)81 42*101 51Leptin(ng/ml)18.1 1118.5 11Resistin(pg/ml)190 99205 88MCP-1(pg/ml)1.93 0.81.87 0.8TNF-(pg/ml)42.1 41.8*28.5 27.6IL-6(pg/ml)Portal veinRadial artery Decreased FFA and TNF releaseDecreased tissue triglyceri
8、des Increased adiponectin DecreasedglucoseoutputIncreasedglucose utilizationIncreasedinsulin secretionIncreasedendothelialfunctionIt takes 3500 calories over and above yourdaily caloric needs to gain ONE lb of weight.1 gram fat=9 calories1 gram protein=4 calories1 g carbohydrate=4 calories1 g fiber=0 calories
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