Unit 5 Starting out and Understanding ideas 词汇（ppt课件）-2022新外研版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、版本：新外研版本：新外研单元：选择性必修二单元：选择性必修二 Unit 5(Starting out Understanding ideas)单单词词课课堂堂本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.halfway合成词 half(一半)+way(n 路)；词块：halfway through2.dramatically dramatic(adj 戏剧的)+-al+-ly(副词后缀)词族：drama,dramatic,dramatically3.heritage词块：a World Heritage Site4.inhabitantinhabit(v 居住)+-ant(人)5.subsequently

2、subsequent(adj 随后的)+-ly(副词后缀)subsequent:sub-(closely 接近地)+sequ(to follow 跟随)+-ent(形容词后缀)紧跟其后的 随后的6.appetiteap-(to 去)+petit(to seek 追求)+-e 对食物的追求 食欲/胃口；词块：give sb an appetite,lose ones appetite/have no appetite,an appetite for隐喻：对食物的“胃口”对事物的“胃口”欲望7.multiplymulti-(many 多)+ply(to fold 折叠)折叠多次 (使)大量增加；(

3、使)繁殖 乘加减乘除：add,subtract,multiply,divide8.chaos词源：来自希腊神话故事中的混沌之神卡俄斯(Chaos)的名字，卡俄斯(Chaos)是希腊神话中最早的的神灵，代表宇宙形成之前模糊一团的景象。词块：in chaos9.conservation con-(表示强调)+serve(to keep safe 使安全)+-ation(名词后缀)保护同根词：preserve,observe,reserve词族：conserve,conservation,conservationist10.decreasede-(down)+crease(to grow)向下长 减

4、少注意动词、名词发音不同；反义词：increase词块：decrease from to,decrease by11.trap一词多义，基本义“陷阱”；隐喻：具体的“陷阱”抽象的“圈套”；词块：be trapped in 12.departuredepart(v 离开)+-ure(名词后缀)词块：departure time/gate13.immunity immune(adj 免疫的)+-ity(名词后缀)14.explodeex-(out 出去)+plod(鼓掌、欢呼)+-e(动词后缀)词源：古希腊人和古罗马人在观看戏剧时，通过掌声和喝彩声表达喜爱和赞赏之情，而不喜欢演员的表演时，他们也会

5、通过嘘声、倒彩声以及其他各种噪声来表达反感，直到将演员轰下台为止。explode 的本义就是“通过噪声把演员轰下台”。到了18世纪后期，explode 词义慢慢变为“使其突然而又大声地爆发”，后来才完全转变为“突然而又大声地爆发、爆炸”。词族：explode,explosion,explosive15.collapse col(together 一起/共同)+laps(to slip,fall 滑、落)+-e(动词后缀)一起滑落 倒塌/坍塌(基本义)16.substantial英语释义：large in amount,value or importance词块：a substantial nu

6、mber of,a substantial salary17.incidentin-(进入、使)+cid(to fall 落下、掉落)+-ent(名词后缀)落在人身上的事 事件；同根词：accidentaccident 多指偶然或意外发生的不幸的事情，incident 尤指不平常的事件，既可指小事件或小插曲，又可指政治上有影响的事件或事变。18.interventioninter-(between 在中间)+ven(to come 来)+-tion(名词后缀)来到中间 干预；介入19.owe一词多义，基本义“应偿还”词块：owe sb sth/owe sth to sb,owe sth to

7、sth20.ecologyeco-(环境的、生态的)+-logy(学)派生词：ecological,ecologistdecrease重重难难点点词词精精讲讲一词多义一词多义owecollapse搭配义搭配义熟词生义熟词生义一词多义一词多义辨析义辨析义incidenttrapexplode词源词源高考链接高考链接根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been _（减少）from 40 to 9.decreasedreduceddecreasedecrease

8、是是正式用语正式用语 decrease构词：de-(down)+crease(to grow)向下长 减少decrease R3 反反 increase vt&vi（使）减少；（使）减小：（使）减少；（使）减小：The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.The price of wheat decreased by 15%last year.People planted trees on the waste hills to decrease water and soil loss.n C&U 减少；减少；C

9、减少的量减少的量(reduction)：There has been a decrease in imports.There has been a decrease of nearly 6%in the number of visitors to the museum.生活大爆炸中Sheldon多次引用“Its a trap!”，模仿星球大战中的阿克巴上将。星球大战6（绝地归来）中，阿克巴上将在一次战役归来时发现自己中了帝国伏击舰队的圈套，说出了“Its a trap!（这是个陷阱）”。阿克巴上将这句略带喜感的台词后来成为了经典，被广大星球大战的粉丝所熟知。trap trap n C（捕鸟兽）

10、陷阱；夹子；罗网：（捕鸟兽）陷阱；夹子；罗网：set/lay/place a trap for mice（陷害人的）圈套；诡计：（陷害人的）圈套；诡计：fall into/get out of a trap 牢笼；困境：牢笼；困境：the unemployment trap Some people feel that marriage is a trap.vt 设陷阱捕捉；夹住；卡住：设陷阱捕捉；夹住；卡住：Its cruel to trap birds.I trapped my coat in the car door.把把困住；使陷入困境：困住；使陷入困境：Having been trap

11、ped in traffic,he was late for work.留存；储存（气体留存；储存（气体/水等）：水等）：Because of the greenhouse effect,the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.trap语义网络图语义网络图陷阱陷阱trap（基本义）（基本义）困住动物的困住动物的“陷阱陷阱”（捕鸟兽的）（捕鸟兽的）陷阱；夹子；陷阱；夹子；罗网罗网牢笼；困境牢笼；困境设陷阱捕捉；设陷阱捕捉；夹住；卡住夹住；卡住 n困住人的困境困住人的困境 /状态状态困住人的困住人的“陷阱陷阱”（陷害人的）（陷害

12、人的）圈套；诡计圈套；诡计把把困住；困住；使陷入困境使陷入困境vexplode古希腊人和古罗马人在观看戏剧时，通过掌声和喝彩声表达喜爱和赞赏之情，而不喜欢演员的表演时，他们也会通过嘘声、倒彩声以及其他各种噪声来表达反感，直到将演员轰下台为止。explode 的本义就是“通过噪声把演员轰下台”。到了18世纪后期，explode 词义慢慢变为“使其突然而又大声地爆发”，后来才完全转变为“突然而又大声地爆发、爆炸”。词源故事词源故事 vt&vi（使）爆炸（使）爆炸(blow up)：explode a bomb The firework exploded in his hand.vi（感情、暴力事件

13、）爆发；激增（感情、暴力事件）爆发；激增：explode with angerFloridas population exploded after World War.【温故】必修二【温故】必修二 Unit 4explosive adj 爆炸（式）的；爆发的爆炸（式）的；爆发的（使）炸弹、爆竹等（使）炸弹、爆竹等“爆炸爆炸”感情、暴力事件感情、暴力事件“爆炸爆炸”数字数字“爆炸爆炸”explode v【词汇拓展词汇拓展】explosion n C&U 爆炸（声）：爆炸（声）：The explosion was caused by a burst gas pipe.C（感情）爆发；（感情）爆发；

14、激增：激增：a population explosionan explosion in oil priceexplode 语义网络语义网络图图数字数字“爆炸爆炸”（使）炸弹、（使）炸弹、爆竹等爆竹等“爆炸爆炸”感情、暴力事感情、暴力事件件“爆炸爆炸”（使）爆炸（使）爆炸（感情、暴力（感情、暴力事件）爆发事件）爆发激增激增explosionexplode爆炸（声）爆炸（声）（感情）爆发（感情）爆发激增激增（使）爆炸（使）爆炸explode基本义基本义collapse 震惊世界的911事件：2001年9月11日，两架遭到恐怖分子劫持的飞机分别撞向世界贸易中心一号楼和二号楼，两座大楼在两个小时内相继

15、倒塌倒塌，导致包括世贸中心其余5栋大楼、德意志银行大楼在内的多栋建筑物严重受损。Two hijacked commercial planes slammed into the twin towers of the World Trade Center,causing them to collapse.两架遭到劫持的商用飞机撞向世界贸易中心双子塔，导致双塔倒塌倒塌。构词构词：col(together 一起/共同)+laps(to slip,fall 滑、落)+-e(动词后缀)一起滑落 倒塌/坍塌（基本义）collapse vi 倒塌；坍塌：倒塌；坍塌：These homes can easily

16、 collapse during earthquakes.北师大新选必 3（因病等）倒下；昏倒；晕倒（因病等）倒下；昏倒；晕倒In November 2016,Huang collapsed and was taken to hospital,where he was diagnosed with cancer.北师大新选必 2collapse 崩溃；瓦解崩溃；瓦解(break down)：Lots of people lost their jobs when the property market collapsed.Why Maya civilization collapsed remai

17、ns a mystery.外研新选必 5collapse n U 倒塌；坍塌：倒塌；坍塌：the collapse of the building U 单数单数倒下；昏倒；晕倒：倒下；昏倒；晕倒：She was taken to hospital after her collapse at work.U 单数单数 崩溃；瓦解：崩溃；瓦解：economic collapsecollapse语义网络图语义网络图倒塌倒塌collapse（基本义）（基本义）建筑物等建筑物等“倒塌倒塌”突然失败；崩突然失败；崩溃；瓦解溃；瓦解（突然的）倒（突然的）倒塌；塌陷塌；塌陷n组织、生意等组织、生意等“倒塌倒塌”

18、病人病人“倒塌倒塌”（因病等）昏（因病等）昏倒；晕倒倒；晕倒v倒塌；坍塌倒塌；坍塌（因病等）昏（因病等）昏倒；晕倒倒；晕倒突然失败；倒突然失败；倒闭；崩溃闭；崩溃 incident 西安事变（双十二事变）西安事变（双十二事变）发生于1936年12月12日。张学良和杨虎城为了达到劝谏蒋介石改变“攘外必先安内”的既定国策，停止内战，一致抗日的目的，在西安发动“兵谏”。同月25日，在中共中央和周恩来主导下，以蒋介石接受“停止内战，联共抗日”的主张而和平解决。根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成句子。根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成句子。_（西安事变）is one of the most important

19、events in modern Chinese history.Xian Incident incident n C（尤指不平常的）事件（尤指不平常的）事件 sth that happens,especially sth unusual or unpleasant：a shooting incidentNot too long ago,an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly.事变：事变：the July 7th Incident of 1937incident既可指小事件，又可指具有影响力的事变，如犯罪、袭击等。

20、既可指小事件，又可指具有影响力的事变，如犯罪、袭击等。He could remember every incident in great detail.the Lugouqiao Incident accident多指意外或偶然发生的不幸事件。多指意外或偶然发生的不幸事件。a traffic accident affair可指私事或相关的事件，其复数形式可指私事或相关的事件，其复数形式affairs一般指公共或政治一般指公共或政治事务。事务。Masses of fresh reports and stories keep you up-to-date on world affairs.even

21、t一般指重大事件、活动或体育运动的比赛项目。一般指重大事件、活动或体育运动的比赛项目。the chief events of 2020 The 800 metres is not his best event.incident,accident,affair,event析析辨辨It is to books that I owe everything that is good in me Gorky我身上所有优秀的品质都要归功于书籍。高尔基owe马克西姆高尔基（Maxim Gorky，1868 1936），前苏联作家、诗人、评论家、政论家、学者，是社会主义、现实主义文学奠基人，苏联文学的创始人。

22、高尔基自传体三部曲为童年在人间我的大学。他的代表作还有长篇小说母亲和剧本小市民等。他被授予列宁勋章，成为苏联共产党中央委员会成员。他的诞生地被改名为高尔基市。owe R2 vt 欠（债）欠（债）：owe sb sth(for sth)/owe sth to sb(for sth):She still owes her father$5,000./She still owes$5,000 to her father.How much do I owe you for lunch?应给予：应给予：owe sb sth/owe sth to sb:I owe him an apology./I ow

23、e an apology to him.owe的词源义是“to have,own”，引申为“用拥有的去支付或偿还”。其基本义为“应偿还”。owe 词源解读词源解读 应该把应该把归功于：归功于：owe sth to sth:He owes his good health to his regular life.These early settlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.owing to 因为；由于因为；由于(because of)：Owing to bad weather,the fligh

24、t was delayed for a couple of hours.应偿还应偿还owe（基本义）（基本义）“应偿还应偿还”金钱金钱应该把应该把归功于归功于“应偿还应偿还”事情发生的原因事情发生的原因“应偿还应偿还”解释或歉意等解释或歉意等欠（债）欠（债）应给予应给予owe 语义网络图语义网络图本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.2.There has been a decrease of nearly 6%in the number of visitors to the

25、 museum.3.Having been trapped in traffic,he was late for work.4.Because of the greenhouse effect,the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.5.I owe him an apology./I owe an apology to him.6.Owing to bad weather,the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.随堂检测随堂检测decrease在空白处填入在空白处填入1个适当

26、的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.The new treatment led to a huge decrease _ the number of deaths.2.While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly,temperatures near the greenhouses have _(decrease).（2017 江苏）3.They decreased the size of the group _ 25 _ 15.4.Bank base rates have fallen from 10 per cen

27、t to 6 per cent a decrease _ 40 per cent.5.Campus talks have decreased _ 10 percent this year.indecreasedfromtoofby一、一、根据句意选出根据句意选出trap的最佳释义。的最佳释义。_ 1.She set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it._ 2.The only way to catch mice is to set a trap._ 3.Ill describe some situations that commo

28、nly arise between teenagers and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap.（2010 湖北改）bactrap a.（捕捉捕捉鸟兽鸟兽的的）陷阱；夹子；罗网陷阱；夹子；罗网 b.（陷害人的陷害人的）圈套；诡计圈套；诡计 c.牢笼；困境牢笼；困境 二、根据句意写出下列句子中二、根据句意写出下列句子中trap的汉语释义。的汉语释义。1.She felt trapped in her role of wife and mother._2.The consequences could be serious if

29、we dont keep reducing emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere._3.I was trapped into signing my name._使陷入困境使陷入困境储存储存使中计使中计/使陷入圈套使陷入圈套 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.A bomb exploded at one of Londons busiest railway stations this morning._2.The populat

30、ion has exploded in the last ten years._ 3.He told a joke which made Hank explode with laughter._ 爆炸爆炸 激增激增 大笑起来大笑起来 explode根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。1.When the market for nutria（海狸鼠）collapsed in the late 1980s,the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.（2020 全国改）_2.The roof collapsed under the

31、 weight of snow._3.He collapsed following a vigorous（剧烈的）exercise session at his home._4.The enterprise collapsed through lack of support._5.Our plans will collapse unless we get more help._6.Share prices collapsed after news of poor trading figures._崩溃崩溃坍塌坍塌/倒塌倒塌昏倒昏倒失败失败倒闭倒闭collapse 暴跌暴跌选出适当的单词，并用其

32、正确形式填空。选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。1.The _ caused some damage to my car,but its nothing serious.2.The minister is busy with important _ of state.3.During the trip,I was busy recording every _,name and place I came across in my diary.4.Earth Day,marked on 22 April,is an annual _ aiming to raise public awarenes

33、s about environmental protection.5.If you live in the capital,renting a room out during the Olympics or other big _ could bring in money.incident accidentaffairsincident eventeventsevent,accident,incident,affairowe 翻译下列句子翻译下列句子。1.我想我们应该向你道歉。_2.多亏了她的帮助，我们成功地启动了发动机。_,we succeeded in starting the engin

34、e.3.他认为他的成功是靠运气而不是因为自己有能力。_4.谢谢您给我买来这本杂志，我该付您多少钱?Thank you for the magazine you bought for me._5.顺便说一句,我想你还欠我一些钱。Incidentally,I think _.I think maybe we owe you an apology.Owing to her assistance/helpHe owes his success more to luck than to ability.How much do I owe you?you still owe me some money谢谢谢谢观观赏赏