2020年高考英语语法专项复习(共30张PPT).ppt

1、2020年高考英语语法专项复习(共30张PPT)人称人称数数语法一致原则语法一致原则(Grammatical Agreement)意义一致原则意义一致原则 (Notional Agreement)就近原则就近原则(Proximity)eg.1.To study English well _(is/are)not easy.2.Reading in the sun _(is/are)bad our eyes.3.That we need more time_(is/are)obvious.What his father left him_a few English books.What hed

2、like for a birthday present_ a computer 表示单一概念的动名词表示单一概念的动名词/不定式不定式/从句作主从句作主语时语时 ,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数一一.语法一致原则语法一致原则isis规律总结规律总结1：isareisWhat 引导主语从句，谓语取引导主语从句，谓语取决做表语的名词单复数决做表语的名词单复数 The writer and the artist _(have/has)come.The writer and artist _(have/has)come.A knife and a fork_(is/are)on the desk.A k

3、nife and fork _(is/are)on the desk.hashaveisare规律总结规律总结2：A and B结构作主语表不同的人或物，谓语用结构作主语表不同的人或物，谓语用_ A and B结构作主语表同一人结构作主语表同一人.或物，或物，谓语用谓语用_ 以下短语均表同一概念，谓语动词常用单数以下短语均表同一概念，谓语动词常用单数 a knife and fork刀叉刀叉 law and order 治安治安 bread and butter黄油面包黄油面包 truth and honesty 真诚真诚 war and peace 战争与和战争与和平平 early to b

4、ed and early to rise 早睡早起早睡早起规律总结规律总结3：andand连接的并列单数主语前如果分别连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有有_ _ 修饰时，谓语要用修饰时，谓语要用_。eg.1.Every student and every teacher _(is/are)in the room.2.No boy and no girl _ (like/likes)it.islikes each,every,noThe teacher as well as the students _(is/are)here.The students as well as the teacher

5、_(is/are)here.规律总结规律总结4:“A as well as B”结构，谓语动词应与结构，谓语动词应与_一致又叫一致又叫_ isareA A with B A but B A together withB A except B A rather than B 1.The play writer and director _promised 1.The play writer and director _promised to attend our party.to attend our party.A have B has C are D is A have B has C ar

6、e D is2.Did you go to the show last night?2.Did you go to the show last night?yes,Every boy and every girl yes,Every boy and every girl _invited_invited A.were B have been C has been D was A.were B have been C has been D was 1.A gift together with many flowers are sent to me.2.Eating too much are ba

7、d for your health.3.The singer and dancer have come to our school.4.Every hour and every minute are precious.5.Early to bed and early to rise make a man healthy and happy.isishasismakes 【即学即练】(改错)isisis谓语动词的变化是以主语谓语动词的变化是以主语所表达的所表达的 意义意义而定而定Four hours_(is/are)enough time to finish the work.Fifty dol

8、lars _(is/are)a large sum for me at that timeTwenty kilometers_(is/are)quite a long distance 表示时间、距离、金额、重量等复数形式作主语，表示时间、距离、金额、重量等复数形式作主语，看作整体，谓语动词常用单数看作整体，谓语动词常用单数isisis二二.意义一致原则意义一致原则:谓语动词的变化是以主语谓语动词的变化是以主语所表达的所表达的 意义意义而定而定is Chinese、English、physics、Maths、Politics Geography、chemistry、History、Biolog

9、y语言或学科的单词作主语时，语言或学科的单词作主语时，谓语通常用单数谓语通常用单数 国家、单位、书报名称作主语国家、单位、书报名称作主语谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数eg.1.The United States_(is/are)leading the world in science and technology.2.The New York Times _(is/are)a very famous newspapers in the world.isis规律总结规律总结6：规律总结规律总结7：复数复数复数复数areis 很多很多总数总数规律总结规律总结8：a number of&the num

10、ber ofa number of&the number of a number of _ a number of _修饰复数名词修饰复数名词,谓语用谓语用_ the number of_,the number of_,谓语用谓语用_1.A number of new cars _(is/are)being 1.A number of new cars _(is/are)being shown now.shown now.2.The number of cars in our country _ 2.The number of cars in our country _ (is/are)lar

11、ge.(is/are)large.很多很多复数复数总数总数单数单数areis1.Ten minutes _ideas perfectly clear.1.Ten minutes _ideas perfectly clear.A make his B makes his C make theirA make his B makes his C make their2.The number of foreign students attending Chinese 2.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ri

12、sing steadily since 1990.universities _rising steadily since 1990.A is B are C has been D have been A is B are C has been D have been 3.Physics _one of my favorite subjects.3.Physics _one of my favorite subjects.A.is B are C was D were A.is B are C was D were4.Ten dollars _ quite enough4.Ten dollars

13、 _ quite enoughA are B is C have D hasA are B is C have D has【即学即练】谓语的人称和数应与邻近的主语保持一致谓语的人称和数应与邻近的主语保持一致 三三.就近一致原则就近一致原则1.Either you or I_(be)wrong.2.Not only the teacher but also the students _(be)looking forward to seeing the film.规律总结规律总结9:Eitheror,neithernor,not only but also,or,nor连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数

14、连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数_amare要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。1.Here_(come/comes)the bus.2.There _(be)a pen and several books on the desk.3.On the wall _(be)many pictures规律总结规律总结10:在倒装句中，谓语与在倒装句中，谓语与comesisare后面第一个主语后面第一个主语1.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _tired of having one examination after another.A.is

15、 B are C am D be2.Between the two rows of trees_the teaching building.A.Stand B.stands C standing D are3.There _little change in my home town.A have B had C have been D has been考点训练考点训练:1表示单一概念的动名词表示单一概念的动名词/不定式作主语时不定式作主语时,用单数用单数 2A and B指同一人、同一事物时指同一人、同一事物时,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数 3every/each/no.+every/each/no4就远一致原则就远一致原则.5表示时间、距离、金额、重量等复数形式作主语表示时间、距离、金额、重量等复数形式作主语 6表示语言或学科的单词作主语时表示语言或学科的单词作主语时,谓语通常用单数谓语通常用单数7国家、单位、书报名称作主语时谓语动词用单数国家、单位、书报名称作主语时谓语动词用单数8 a number of&the number of9 Eitheror,neithernor,not only but also,or10在倒装句中，谓语与后面第一个主语一致在倒装句中，谓语与后面第一个主语一致