Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 03 Grammar状语从句复习（ppt课件+学案）-2022新牛津译林版《高中英语》选择性必修第四册.rar

1、Overview of Adverbial clausesDefinitionAdverbial：修饰谓语、形容词或副词，或是整个句子：修饰谓语、形容词或副词，或是整个句子He runs fast.She is quite pretty.Ive come to meet you.Adverbial clauses：当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，该句子就是状语从句。：当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，该句子就是状语从句。画出下列句子中的状语并判断是何种状语从句。画出下列句子中的状语并判断是何种状语从句。_When I was at school,I loved history._You can go

2、 anywhere you like._He was punished only because he broke the law._Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me._We arrived early in the morning，so(that)we caught the first train._If you heat water,it will become vapor._Even though he is poor,she loves him._He speaks English as well as you do._The

3、 young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.Classification时间状语从句时间状语从句when:搭配_动词，主从句的动作_发生。while:搭配_动词，主从句的动作_发生。as:搭配_动词，主从句的动作_发生。(2019全国卷)_ data and identity theft becomes more and more common,the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologies to keep others out of private escapes.Liu

4、 Wang is from Shanxi _ Liu Yang comes from Henan.We were having a meeting _ someone broke in.TIP:while还可以_，表示_，意为_。when_，意为_。常用句式_。until位置：_，搭配_。till位置：_TIP:I slept until they were home.肯定句中，主句的动词在 until 后的时间_，且必须是_。I didnt sleep until they were home.否定句中，主句的动词在 until 后的时间_，且必须是_。直到比赛结束他才开始工作。not.un

5、til_Not.until_not.until+强调句型_before“在之前”,“还没来得及就”,“才”，“趁着”It _一段时间before.要过/过了时间才It _一段时间before.过不了多久就会It _一段时间before.没过多久就了sinceIt is/has been+一段时间+since sb.did sth.since 后动词是_动词，译为_；since 后动词是_动词，译为_；一一就就_When will she arrive?It will be two weeks _ she comes here.It has been 2 years since she _(be

6、come)a doctor._ arriving at the airport,we all were welcomed warmly.She had hardly had time to rest when the phone rang again._ when the phone rang again.其他连词引导的时间状语从句其他连词引导的时间状语从句every/each time,any time,(the)next/last/first time,by the time/the day/year,wheneverBy the time you come back,we _(compl

7、ete)the project.He had built a lab for himself by the time he _(be)12 years old.by the timeTIP:引导的时间状语从句用_，主句用_；引导的时间状语从句用_，主句用_。原因状语从句原因状语从句_回答 why，表示直接原因，语气最强_“因为；在于”=because_表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”_鉴于；由于_“既然”已知的、不需要强调的原因_并列连词并列连词，补充说明，放于主句之后，用逗号隔开(2019全国卷)I work not because I have to,_ because I want to

8、.(2020全国卷)_ lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highwaya lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输)(山师附中高二上期中)We strongly recommend you to book your flight early,_ it is the tourist season.I wonder whether his

9、hearing is okay in _ he has turned the television up very loud.结果状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句常由_等引导。译为“如此以至于”_ _ so+_ +that 从句 such+_ +that 从句 _ _ (2019全国卷)On our way to the house,it was raining so hard _ we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.It was in the middle of Pearl City.He earned

10、so little that he couldnt support his family.So _ that he couldnt support his family.He is such a nice person that we admire him very much.He is so _ that we admire him very much.Such _that we admire him very much.So _ that we admire him very much.目的状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句常见的引导词有：_The dances are usually pe

11、rformed near a pub _when theyre over,the dancers and audience can sing some traditional folk songs over beer.（历城二中高二上学期开学考试）A.whenB.whereC.so thatD.whyTIP:so that 表示目的和表示结果的区别：表目的时，从句中有_等情态动词；如果表示结果则没有。让步状语从句让步状语从句“尽管，即使”though/although：置于_，可与 yet,still,nevertheless 连用，不和_连用 as 让步状语从句，必须用_，可与_互换 eve

12、n if/even though_ _+疑问词（不管，无论）与 _（不管）,_“无论还是”_引导让步状语从句，相当于 although _ Old Tom and the other killers were fierce hunters,they never harmed or attacked people.(山师附中高二阶段性考试)All people，_ old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.Although he is a child

13、，he has helped many people._ he is，he has helped many people.Although he adored her much,he had to leave._ he adored her,he had to leave.TIP:as 引导让步状语从句的倒装：_提前。地点状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句常见的引导词有：_Youd better make a mark where you have any questions._Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any que

14、stions.TIP:地点状语从句_，即使有，也和从句无关。定语从句前面_作先行词，并在从句中做状语方式状语从句方式状语从句as_ as if/as though由 as if/though 引导的方式状语可以用_表示可能符合事实的情况。由 as if/though 引导的方式状语可以用_表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。Do in Rome _ the Romans do.She is selling everything in her shop,as if she _(leave)the shop tomorrow.They treat me as though I _(be)a stra

15、nger.He talked as if he _(be)abroad.This meat tastes as if it _(go)bad already.TIP:表示与现在事实不相符，用_；表 示 与 过 去 事 实 不 相 符，用 _；表 示 与 将 来 事 实 不 相 符，用_条件状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句常见的引导词有：_Children are admitted only if _(accompany)by an adult.“If only I _(know)you then.he said wistfully.(2020浙江高考)_ we drink dirty wate

16、r,we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill.(2020山东高考)Dont stop speaking when you make a mistake _ its a truly serious one because peoples attention wanders constantly.TIP:only if“只 有”用 _；if only“_”用_unless“除非”=_，引导的从句不能用否定式方式状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句主要运用于_的句子之中。方式状语从句常见的引导词有：_as(同级比较同级比较)，than(

17、不同程度的比较不同程度的比较)He woke up as suddenly _ he had fallen asleep.I have never seen so much rain _ fell that February.The youth of today are better off _ we used to be.OverviewofAdverbial clausesBY G.ZbyzyhContentsDefinition01Classification 02Feedback03byzyh01DefinitionbyzyhAdverbial clauses修饰谓语、形容词或副词，或

18、是整个句子当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，该句子就是状语从句。DefinitionAdverbialHerunsfast.Sheisquitepretty.Ivecometomeetyou.byzyhWhenIwasatschool,Ilovedhistory.Youcangoanywhereyoulike.Hewaspunishedonlybecausehebrokethelaw.Illspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.Wearrivedearlyinthemorning，so(that)wecaughtthefirsttrain.Ifyouheatwat

19、er,itwillbecomevapor.Eventhoughheispoor,sheloveshim.HespeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.Theyoungmanwithlonghairlooksasifhewereagirl.Definitionbyzyh02Classification byzyhWhenIwasatschool,Ilovedhistory.Youcangoanywhereyoulike.Hewaspunishedonlybecausehebrokethelaw.Illspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.Wearri

20、vedearlyinthemorning，so(that)wecaughtthefirsttrain.Ifyouheatwater,itwillbecomevapor.Eventhoughheispoor,sheloveshim.HespeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.Theyoungmanwithlonghairlooksasifhewereagirl.Classification时间时间状从状从状从状从地点状从地点状从地点状从地点状从原因状从原因状从原因状从原因状从目的状从目的状从目的状从目的状从结结果状从果状从果状从果状从条件状从条件状从条件状从条件状从让让步状从步状从

21、步状从步状从比比比比较较状从状从状从状从方式状从方式状从方式状从方式状从byzyh延续性/非延续性动词主从句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生延续性动词主从句的动作同时发生延续性动词强调主从句动作相伴发生，译为“一边一边；随着”whenwhileas时间状状语从句从句byzyh时间状状语从句从句(2019全国卷)_ data and identity theft becomes more and more common,the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologies to keep others out of private esca

22、pes.Liu Wang is from Shanxi _ Liu Yang comes from Henan.We were having a meeting _ someone broke in.AsAswhilewhilewhenwhenwhile还可以作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而，却”。when也可以作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”。sb.is doing sth.when.sb.is about to/going to do sth.when.sb.has just done sth.when.byzyh可以用在句首not.until肯定句中，主句的动词在until后的时间结束，且必

23、须是延续性动词否定句中，主句的动词在until后的时间开始，且必须是非延续性动词不可以用在句首untiltill时间状状语从句从句Isleptuntiltheywerehome.Ididntsleepuntiltheywerehome.byzyh时间状状语从句从句Hedidntbegintoworkuntilthegamewasover.直到比直到比赛结束他才开始工作。束他才开始工作。not.untilNot.untilnot.until+强调句型句型Notuntilthegamewasoverdidhebegintowork.Itwasnotuntilthegamewasoverthathe

24、begantowork.byzyhbefore“在之前”,“还没来得及就”,“才”，“趁着”Itwillbe/was一段时间before.要过/过了时间才Itwontbe一段时间before.过不了多久就会Itwasnt一段时间before.没过多久就了sinceItis/hasbeen+一段时间+sincesb.didsth.时间状状语从句从句非延续性动词“自从某人已经了”延续性动词自从某人不应经了byzyh123时间状状语从句从句一就on/upon+n./doingas soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment/minute/ins

25、tant/secondhardly/scarcely/barelywhen;no soonerthanbyzyh时间状状语从句从句When will she arrive?It will be two weeks _ she comes here.It has been 2 years since she _(become)a doctor._ arriving at the airport,we all were welcomed warmly.She had hardly had time to rest when the phone rang again._ when the phone

26、 rang again.beforebeforebecamebecameOn/Upon On/Upon Hardly had she had time to rest Hardly had she had time to rest byzyh其他其他连词引引导的的时间状状语从句从句every/eachtime,anytime,(the)next/last/firsttime,bythetimetheday/year,whenever时间状状语从句从句By the time you come back,we _(complete)the project.He had built a lab fo

27、r himself by the time he _(be)12 years old.will have completed will have completed waswasby the time引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时；引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。byzyhbecausebecause原因状原因状语从句从句asassince/since/now thatnow thatin thatin that并列并列并列并列连词连词for for seeing/seeing/considering considering thatthat回答回答why，

28、表示直，表示直接原因，接原因，语气最气最强表示附表示附带说明的明的“双方已知的原因双方已知的原因”“既然既然”已知的、已知的、不需要不需要强调的原因的原因“因因为；在于；在于”=because补充充说明，放于主句明，放于主句之后，用逗号隔开之后，用逗号隔开鉴于；由于于；由于byzyh原因状原因状语从句从句(2019全国卷)I work not because I have to,_ because I want to.(2020全国卷)_ lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)such as the distance fr

29、om a power plant to street lamps on a remote highwaya lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输)(山师附中高二上期中)We strongly recommend you to book your flight early,_ it is the tourist season.I wonder whether his hearing is okay in _ he has turned the television up very loud.butbutSinceSincebecausebeca

30、usethatthatbyzyh结果状语从句常由so that，so.that,such.that.等引导。“如此以至于”结果状果状语从句从句so+adj./adv.+.that从句so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句somany/few/much/little+名词+that从句such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句such+alotof/lotsof+名词+that从句byzyh结果状果状语从句从句(2019全国卷)On our way to the house,it was raining so

31、hard _ we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.It was in the middle of Pearl City.He earned so little that he couldnt support his family.So _ that he couldnt support his family.He is such a nice person that we admire him very much.He is so _ that we admire him very much.Such _t

32、hat we admire him very much.So _ that we admire him very much.thatthatlittle did he earn little did he earn nice a person nice a person a nice person is he a nice person is he nice a person is he nice a person is he 当so/suchthat结构中的so或such放在句首时，主句用倒装语序。byzyh目的状目的状语从句从句目的状语从句常见的引导词有：so that,in order

33、that，in case(以防),for fear that(唯恐，害怕发生某事)The dances are usually performed near a pub _when theyre over,the dancers and audience can sing some traditional folk songs over beer.（历城二中高二上学期开学考试）A.whenB.whereC.so thatD.whyso that 表示目的和表示结果的区别：表目的时，从句中有can，could等情态动词；如果表示结果则没有。byzyh“尽管尽管，即使，即使”though/alth

34、ough：置于句首句中皆可，可与yet,still,nevertheless连用，不和but连用as让步状语从句，必须用倒装语序，可与though互换evenif/eventhough 即使nomatter+疑问词（不管，无论）与疑问词-ever（不管）,whetheror“无论还是”while引导让步状语从句，相当于although让步状步状语从句从句byzyh让步状步状语从句从句_ Old Tom and the other killers were fierce hunters,they never harmed or attacked people.(山师附中高二阶段性考试)All p

35、eople，_ old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.Although he is a child，he has helped many people._ he is，he has helped many people.Although he adored her much,he had to leave._ he adored her,he had to leave.Although/ThoughAlthough/Thoughwhetherw

36、hetherChild as/though Child as/though Much as/though Much as/though as引导让步状语从句的倒装：表语或状语提前byzyh地点状地点状语从句从句where,wherever,everywhere,anywhereYoud better make a mark where you have any questions.Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.地点状语从句前面没有名词，即使有，也和从句无关。定语从句前面有表示地点的名词作先行词

37、，并在从句中做状语byzyh方式状方式状语从句从句as,as引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后as if/as though由asif/though引导的方式状语可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实的情况。由asif/though引导的方式状语也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。byzyh地点状地点状语从句从句Do in Rome _ the Romans do.She is selling everything in her shop,as if she _(leave)the shop tomorrow.They treat me as though I _(be)a strange

38、r.He talked as if he _(be)abroad.This meat tastes as if it _(go)bad already.asaswerewerewould leave would leave had been had been has gone has gone a.表示与现在事实不相符，用一般过去时 b.表示与过去事实不相符，用过去完成时 c.表示与将来事实不相符，用过去将来时byzyh条件状条件状语从句从句if,only if,unless,so/as long as,providing/provided(that)，supposing(that),on c

39、ondition that,in case,once等等Children are admitted only if _(accompany)by an adult.“If only I _(know)you then.he said wistfully.(2020浙江高考)_ we drink dirty water,we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill.(2020山东高考)Dont stop speaking when you make a mistake _ its a truly serious one becaus

40、e peoples attention wanders constantly.accompaniedaccompaniedhad knownhad knownIf Ifunlessunlessonly if“只有”用陈述语气if only“但愿，要就好了”用虚拟语气unless“除非”=ifnot引导的从句不能用否定式byzyh根据自己的需要添加适当的文字，此处添加详细文本描述，建议与标题相关尽量简洁.添加标题文本比比较状状语从句从句比比较状状语从句主要运用于形容从句主要运用于形容词和副和副词的原的原级、比、比较级及最高及最高级的句的句子之中。子之中。as(同同级比比较)，than(不同程度的

41、比不同程度的比较)asas,notas/soas,thesameas,morethan,lessthan,He woke up as suddenly _ he had fallen asleep.I have never seen so much rain _ fell that February.The youth of today are better off _ we used to be.asasthanthanasasbyzyh03Instant FeedbackbyzyhInstant Feedback1.(2021全国乙)I also water the flowers in

42、the yard and tidy up my own bedroom _ necessary.2.(2021江苏改编)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing,and then goes for _.3.(2021天津改编)We all need to get involved in saving energy _ its at work,at home,or at school.4.(2021新高考全国)The amazing thing about the spring is that the

43、colder the temperature gets,the _(hot)the spring!5.(2021浙江)When the house was built,it was much _(small)than it is today.wheneverwheneverwhateverwhateverwhetherwhetherhotterhottersmallersmallerbyzyhInstant Feedback6.(2020全国)_ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the l

44、egendary artist,they smiled and pointed down the river.7.(2020浙江)Farming produced more food per person _ hunting and gathering,so people were able to raise more children.8.(2020江苏改编)They decide to have more workers for the project so _ it wont be delayed.9.(2020天津改编)Why do people like pop music?I ha

45、te it so much._though it is not your style,that doesnt mean it is bad.As/WhenAs/WhenthanthanthatthatEvenEvenbyzyhInstant Feedback10.(2019天津改编)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion _ he wants their support.11.（2019江苏改编)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in _ t

46、hey need medical assistance.12.(2019全国III)On our way to the house，it was raining _ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.It was in the middle of Pearl City.13.(2018北京改编)_ we dont stop climate change,many animals and plants in the world will be gone.14.(2018江苏改编)_ yo

47、u can sleep well,you will lose the ability to focus,plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.unlessunlesscasecasesosoIf If Unless Unless byzyhInstant Feedback15.(2018全国I)While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it is more effective at lengthening life _ walking,cycli

48、ng or swimming.16.(2018全国III)Corn uses less water _ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)runoff.17.(2018全国II)The games my parents taught me _ I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.18.(2017江苏改编)Located _ the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.thanthanthanthanwhenwhenwherewherebyzyhTHE END.