Unit 4 Welcome to the unit and reading （ppt课件）-2022新牛津译林版《高中英语》必修第三册.pptx

1、The scientist is motivated primarily by curiosity and a desire for truth.Irving Langmuir 科学家的驱动力主要是好奇心和对真理的渴望。科学家的驱动力主要是好奇心和对真理的渴望。欧文欧文朗缪尔，美国化学家、物理学家，朗缪尔，美国化学家、物理学家，因在因在表面化学表面化学上的贡献于上的贡献于19321932年获得诺年获得诺贝尔化学奖。贝尔化学奖。表面化学：研究各种表面现象实质的的一门学科。主要包括表面能、表面张力、吸附、催化和电动现象等方面的研究。如色层分析、萃取、离子交换、接触催化、泡沫浮选等的原理和方法等均属

2、表面化学研究范围。PatientCourageousCreativePersistentThoughtfulHard-workingObjective有耐心的有创意的勤勉的勇敢的客观的坚持不懈的深思熟虑的Stephen HawkingTu YouyouNoble Prize winnerIsaac NewtonQian XuesenThe Father of China Aerospace（航空）Hydrogen bombatomic bombMan-made satelliteCharles DarwinHe is the founder of evolution.His theory st

3、ates that animals and humans shared a common ancestry The Origin of Species 物种起源他是进化论的创始人他的理论认为动物和人类有共同的祖先Marie CurieIn 1898 she discovered radium.She received two Nobel Prize,one (with Pierre Curie)for physics(1903)and one for chemistry(1911).她获得过两次诺贝尔奖，一次(与皮埃尔居里合作)物理学(1903年)化学(1911)。1898年，她发现了镭。Al

4、bert Einstein He was born in Germany on 14 March 1879.He is considered one of the most influential scientists of the 20th century.He developed the special and general theories of relativity.他提出了狭义相对论和广义相对论。他被认为是20世纪最有影响力的科学家之一Yuan LongpingThe Father of Hybrid rice（杂交水稻）（杂交水稻）Super riceYuan Longping

5、（1930-May 22，2021）a Chinese agricultural scientist and educatorFather of Hybrid RiceBackbone of the Countrylborn in 1930.9.7,Beijing.died in 2021.5.22 HunanlAncestral home:Dean,Jiangxi.l19431947:BoXue Middle schooll19491953:Southwest Agriculture College1964：Got married with Deng Zhe Brief Introducti

6、on院士是某些国家所设立的科学技术方面的最高学术称号，一般为院士是某些国家所设立的科学技术方面的最高学术称号，一般为终身荣誉。在中国，院士通常是指中国科学院院士或中国工程院终身荣誉。在中国，院士通常是指中国科学院院士或中国工程院院士。院士。Super Hybrid Rice In 1960,he happened to find a natural hybrid rice and dedicated In 1960,he happened to find a natural hybrid rice and dedicated to various researches.1960to vario

7、us researches.1960年，他偶然发现了一种天然杂交水稻，并致年，他偶然发现了一种天然杂交水稻，并致力于各种研究力于各种研究In 1973,he succeeded in developing 3 departments method,In 1973,he succeeded in developing 3 departments method,increasing rice output increasing rice output greatlygreatly.1973.1973年，他成功地开发了三年，他成功地开发了三系系法，大大法，大大提高了水稻产量提高了水稻产量超级杂交水稻

8、超级杂交水稻In 2000,700kg/muIn 2000,700kg/muIn 2004,800kg/muIn 2004,800kg/muIn 2011,900kg/muIn 2011,900kg/muin 2014,1026kg/muin 2014,1026kg/muin 2017,1149kg/muin 2017,1149kg/muRecord Output of Super Hybrid Rice超级杂交水稻产量创纪录超级杂交水稻产量创纪录kgkg：kilogram kilogram 公斤公斤/千克千克mumu：亩：亩In June 2020,Yuan Longpings In Jun

9、e 2020,Yuan Longpings team planted the high cold team planted the high cold and salt tolerant rice(also and salt tolerant rice(also known as sea rice)in known as sea rice)in Chaidamu Chaidamu B Basin,Qinghai asin,Qinghai ProvinceProvince20202020年年6 6月，袁隆平团队在青海省月，袁隆平团队在青海省柴达木盆地种植了耐冷耐盐水稻柴达木盆地种植了耐冷耐盐水稻

10、 (又称海稻又称海稻)While-listeninghttps:/ the video and finish the following exercises.P43 graduated fromsucceeded in developingmade great contributions to237 weeks袁隆平生平袁隆平生平https:/ you know what malaria is?你知道什么是疟疾吗？你知道什么是疟疾吗？Malaria 疟疾疟疾 https:/ the video and answer the questions1.What causes malaria most

11、ly?2.Whats the symptom of getting malaria?高烧，发汗，发冷，抽搐，头疼，时而呕吐腹泻高烧，发汗，发冷，抽搐，头疼，时而呕吐腹泻High fever,sweating,chills,convulsions,headaches,vomiting and diarrhea at timesplasmodium疟原虫疟原虫spread by mosquitoes靠蚊子传播靠蚊子传播Tu Youyou.Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize.Who is this winner?What is happening in t

12、his photo?Tu Youyou is awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize.What do you know about the Nobel Prize?Nobel Prize refers to the five prizes established by Nobel in 1895，one of a set of prizes that are awarded each year to people who have done important work in Physics,chemistry,peace,physiology or medicine,and

13、 literature诺贝尔奖是指根据诺贝尔1895年的遗嘱而设立的五个奖项，包括：物理学奖、化学奖、和平奖、生理学或医学奖和文学奖，旨在表彰在以上方面“对人类作出最大贡献”的人士；TU Youyou2015.10 Nobel Prize in physiology(生理学)or medicine（医学）for her discoveries concerning a novel therapy against Malaria(疟疾)Artemisinin青蒿素青蒿素Artemisinin,a drug therapy for malaria that has saved millions o

14、f lives across the globe,especially in the developing world.青蒿素，一种治疗疟疾的药物，拯救了全球数百万人的生命，特别是在发展中国家。青蒿素青蒿素 Artemisininhttps:/ does the news report mainly talk about?Detailed readingWhoTu YouyouWhatShe receive a Nobel Prize.WhenIn 2015.SwedenWhyPart1(para1)Read paragraph 1,and find out the 5W1H.She was

15、awared for her discovery of qinghaosu to the fight against malaria.WhereWhat is the writing type of this articles?A.Expository writing(说明文说明文)B.NovelC.News reportD.Essay（散文（散文/随笔）随笔）Read and matchPara.1Para.2Para.3-5Para.6Tu Youyou won a Nobel Prize In 2015 for discovery of qinghaosu.Tu Youyou and h

16、er teams efforts finally paid off.Tu Youyou and her team solved a lot of problems before they successfully discovered qinghaosu.Tu Youyou acquired a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.1.malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance

17、 of survival.survival n.生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物 eg Illegal hunting is threatening the survival of the species.【拓展拓展】survive v.活下来，幸存活下来，幸存 survivor n.幸存者，生还者幸存者，生还者非法非法狩猎正威胁到物种的生存狩猎正威胁到物种的生存。【学法点拨学法点拨】survive refuse arriveapprove v.+-al n.refusal 拒绝拒绝survival 幸存幸存arrival 到达到达approval 赞成赞成A surv

18、ive B(by xx years )A比比B活得长活得长(多少年多少年)survive on 靠靠生存下来生存下来 即学活用：即学活用：How does the family survive such a small monthly wage?Its said that the woman survived her husband 10 years.onbyHe survived the earthquake.翻译：翻译：他在地震中幸存下来。他在地震中幸存下来。Life became a struggle for survival.生活变成了一场争取生存的斗争。生活变成了一场争取生存的斗争。

19、2、In the 1960s,many people were dying of malaria,and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.在在20世纪世纪60年代年代,许多人死于疟疾许多人死于疟疾,1969年屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长年屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长,这个小组计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。这个小组计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。intend vi.&vt.想要想要;打算，打算，计划计划;意指意指 I intend you to come with me.We int

20、end that production will start next month.我打算让你和我一起去。我打算让你和我一起去。我们打算下个月开始生产。我们打算下个月开始生产。【拓展拓展】intention n.意图意图,目的目的;打算打算 intended adj.预期的预期的,有意的有意的 have no intention of doing sth.无意做某事无意做某事;不打算做某事不打算做某事【归纳归纳】intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事打算让某人做某事 intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事打算做某事 be intended for 打算供打算

21、供之用之用【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)The university is known for its language and culture courses _(intend)for international students.2)I have no _(intend)of retiring.3)I _ as a volunteer in an environmental protection organization during the summer holidays intendedintentionintend working/to work 我打算暑假期间在一个环

22、保组织做志愿者。我打算暑假期间在一个环保组织做志愿者。3.Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.refer to:查阅，参考查阅，参考 eg He gave the speech without referring to his notes.他他不看讲稿发表了演讲。不看讲稿发表了演讲。我们我们同意永远不再提这件事同意永远不再提这件事。提到，谈及提到，谈及eg We agreed never to refer to the matter again.涉及涉及；与；与相关相关eg The fig

23、ures refer to our sales in Europe.【拓展拓展】1)refer sth.to.把把提交给提交给 refer to.as 把把称为称为 2)reference n.提及；谈到；参考；查阅提及；谈到；参考；查阅 in/with reference to.关于关于这些这些数字是我们在欧洲的销售额。数字是我们在欧洲的销售额。【语境应用语境应用】翻译下面句子。翻译下面句子。1)I dont want to refer to this matter any more.2)Refer to the dictionary when you dont know how to sp

24、ell a word.我再也不想提这件事了。我再也不想提这件事了。当当你不知道怎么拼写一个词时，查阅一下词典你不知道怎么拼写一个词时，查阅一下词典。4、Inspired by an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water,Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part.据一本据一本1600多年前

25、的古籍记载多年前的古籍记载,古人通过冷水制备青蒿提取物古人通过冷水制备青蒿提取物,受此启发受此启发,屠呦呦重新设计了实验屠呦呦重新设计了实验,为了不破坏其为了不破坏其(抗疟的抗疟的)有效成分有效成分,她尝试在低温她尝试在低温下提取。下提取。inspire vt.鼓舞鼓舞;激励激励;启发思考启发思考How do you inspire your students to do their best?I inspired Tom with hope.你如何激励你的学生们你如何激励你的学生们,使他们发挥出最好水平呢使他们发挥出最好水平呢?我用希望激励汤姆。我用希望激励汤姆。【词块积累】【词块积累】(1

26、)inspire sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事激励某人做某事 inspire sb.with sth.用用来激励某人来激励某人(2)inspired adj.受到鼓舞的受到鼓舞的(3)inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的启发灵感的(4)inspiration n.灵感灵感;鼓舞鼓舞 即学活用：即学活用：His speech was so (inspire)that his students were inspired (study)harder than ever before.(inspire)by my good friend,I intended to

27、 study abroad.翻译：翻译：没有灵感我写不出东西。没有灵感我写不出东西。inspiring to studyInspiredI can not write without inspiration.5、However,it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials beacuse research resoures were limited.然而，由于研究资源有限，很难生产足够的青蒿提取物用于大型试验。然而，由于研究资源有限，很难生产足够的青蒿提取物用于大型试验。trial n.试用，试验，审讯，考验，试用

28、期试用，试验，审讯，考验，试用期 v.测试，试验测试，试验 Researchers are testing 67 vaccines in clinical trials on humans.研究人员正在对研究人员正在对67种疫苗进行人体临床试验。种疫苗进行人体临床试验。She agreed to employ me for a trial period.试用期试用期 We had the machine on trial for a week.试用试用Everyone is expected to stand the trials of adolescence.考验考验The men were

29、 arrested but not brought to trial.审判，审理审判，审理每个人都要经受青春期的考验。每个人都要经受青春期的考验。这台机器我们试用了一个星期。这台机器我们试用了一个星期。她同意试用我一段时间。她同意试用我一段时间。这些人被逮捕了，但没有受到审判。这些人被逮捕了，但没有受到审判。5、However,it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials beacuse research resoures were limited.然而，由于研究资源有限，很难生产足够的青蒿提取物用于大型试验。然而

30、，由于研究资源有限，很难生产足够的青蒿提取物用于大型试验。limited adj.有限的有限的 Time is limited and lets come straight to the point.The damage was limited to the roof.be limited to 限定在限定在时间有限时间有限,我们开门见山吧。我们开门见山吧。损坏仅限于屋顶。损坏仅限于屋顶。limitation n.限制；控制限制；控制limitless adj.无限制的，无界限的无限制的，无界限的【拓展拓展】within limits 在某种程度上在某种程度上;有一定限制有一定限制set a

31、limit on 对对加以限制加以限制beyond the limit 超过超过限度限度n.【语境应用语境应用】完成完成句子。句子。1)My wife and I _(定了一个限额定了一个限额)on how much we spend on clothes.2)They told us that we could do whatever we liked,_(在一定限度内在一定限度内).set a limitwithin(certain)limits6.The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not

32、 have sufficient safety data.postpone vt.延迟，延期延迟，延期 eg They decided to postpone their holiday until next year.他们他们决定将假期延后到来年。决定将假期延后到来年。postpone,put off相同点相同点不同点不同点postpone在表示在表示“推迟某事推迟某事”时，可以互换。时，可以互换。如：如：The flight was postponed/put off due to bad weather.由于天气不好，航由于天气不好，航班被推迟了。班被推迟了。postpone 动作主体是

33、人动作主体是人，表示有意识地表示有意识地推迟推迟，延迟的时间确定。如：，延迟的时间确定。如：Because of heavy rain,we have decided to postpone our sports meeting until next Monday.由于下大雨，由于下大雨，我们已经决定把我们已经决定把运动会推迟到下周一。运动会推迟到下周一。put off put off 强调强调“拖延时间拖延时间”，指，指因客观原因客观原因造成的拖延或主观上故意拖延因造成的拖延或主观上故意拖延。如：。如：Youre always putting off things.You should ge

34、t rid of this bad habit.你做事总是拖拉，你得克服这个坏习惯。你做事总是拖拉，你得克服这个坏习惯。【语境应用语境应用】用】用postpone,put off的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1)Our online meeting was _ for an hour by a power cut.2)He _ going to Beijing for his holiday because an urgent thing had happened.3)Dont _ making the arrangements until the last minute.postponed

35、/put off postponed put off不要把安排拖到最后一分钟。不要把安排拖到最后一分钟。7、To speed up the process and ensure its safety speed up:(使使)加速加速 eg The truck speeded up going down the hill.【反义短语反义短语】slow down 减速，慢下来减速，慢下来 at a speed of 以以的速度的速度 at high/low/full/top speed 以高以高/低低/全全/最快速最快速 speed by (时间时间)很快地过去，飞逝很快地过去，飞逝卡车卡车在下

36、山时加快了速度在下山时加快了速度。8、The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off.pay off:成功，凑效，达到目的成功，凑效，达到目的 eg All her hard work paid off in the end,and she finally passed the exam.她她的所有努力最终有了收获的所有努力最终有了收获她终于通过了考试她终于通过了考试。首先首先我要还清欠款我要还清欠款。付清付清（还清）（还清）债务债务 eg Ill pay off all my debts first.付清付清工资解雇工资解雇某人某人eg Two

37、 hundred workers have been paid off.注意：注意：pay off 意为意为“取得成功；奏效取得成功；奏效”时，物作主语；时，物作主语；意为意为“偿清，付清偿清，付清”时，人作主语时，人作主语两百两百名工人拿到工资被解雇了。名工人拿到工资被解雇了。【拓展拓展】pay短语短语 pay for sth.为某事吃苦头或受惩罚为某事吃苦头或受惩罚;花钱买花钱买某物某物 pay back 偿还偿还;报复报复 pay a visit to 访问访问 pay down(分期分期或或部分部分)支付支付；偿还；偿还 pay up 付清全部欠款付清全部欠款【语境应用语境应用】用用p

38、ay的相关短语完成的相关短语完成句子。句子。1)My hard work finally _when they called me for an interview.2)I will _ the book whatever the price.3)How can I _ you _ for all your kindness?4)I _ Mr.and Mrs.Smith yesterday afternoon.pay for paid offpay backpaid a visit to9、More than 40 years after its dicovery,Tu was eventua

39、lly awared a Nobel Prize for her work.在发现青蒿素在发现青蒿素40多年后，屠呦呦终于因此获得了诺贝尔奖。多年后，屠呦呦终于因此获得了诺贝尔奖。award n.奖奖;奖品奖品;奖金奖金 vt.授予授予;颁发颁发;奖励奖励They awarded the first prize to John.Learning that he won an award for his album,the composer felt very proud of himself.他们把一等奖授予约翰。他们把一等奖授予约翰。得知自己的专辑获奖后得知自己的专辑获奖后,这位作曲家感到非

40、常自豪。这位作曲家感到非常自豪。【词块积累】【词块积累】get/receive/win an award(for.)因因获奖获奖award sb.sth.=award sth.to sb.授予某人某种荣誉授予某人某种荣誉give sb.an award 给某人颁奖给某人颁奖 10、Perhaps the next generation of scientists,drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine,will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health

41、 care.也许下一代科学家利用中医的智慧也许下一代科学家利用中医的智慧,确实会发现更多有益于全球卫生保确实会发现更多有益于全球卫生保健的药物。健的药物。beneficial adj.有益的有益的;有用的有用的To some extent,proper pressure is beneficial to our growth.在某种程度上，适当的压力对我们的成长有利。在某种程度上，适当的压力对我们的成长有利。(2)benefit v./n.使受益使受益/好处好处benefit from/by得益于得益于,从从中受益中受益be of benefit to=be beneficial to对对有益

42、处有益处 for the benefit of sb.=for ones benefit 为了某人的利益为了某人的利益 即学活用：即学活用：(1)语法填空。语法填空。It is said that yoga is of great benefit human health.In other words,we can benefit yoga.In fact,music education is (benefit)and important to all the students.(2)Taking plenty of exercise can be (对对非常有好处非常有好处)your hea

43、lth.(3)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals (为为了了的利益的利益)all its citizens.from/bytobeneficialof great benefit tofor the benefit ofRead the news report again carefully and fill in the table below.P46 A2ProblemsSolutionsThe extracts failed to produce any promising results.Tu and her te

44、am could not produce enough qinghao extract because research resources were limited.Tu and her team did not have sufficient safety data to start trials on patients.Tu Youyou referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again,redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the qingha

45、o herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part.Tu Youyou and her team managed to find solutions to the problem,e.g.using household water containers instead of research equipment.Tu Youyou and her team volunteered to test the qinghao extract on themselves.Task 419711930succeede

46、d in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice1951-195519691972 2015born in Ningbo,Zhejiang Provincestudied medicine at university in Beijingbecame head of a team that intended to find a cure for malariasuccessfully discovered qinghaosuwon the Nobel PrizeTus personal experiencesRead fo

47、r time and details1.What qualities did Tu Youyou show as a scientist?Use details from the news report to support your ideas.hard-working 勤勉的勤勉的 after 190 failures,she succeeded in making qinghao extract collected over 2,000 traditional Chinese medical recipes,made hundreds of extracts from different

48、 herbspatient 有耐心的有耐心的 worked day and night and their health began to suffer,but they never gave upcommitted 尽心尽力的尽心尽力的 volunteered to test qinghao extract on herselvesselfless 无私的无私的 Traditional Chinese medicine TCM has a history of More than 4,000 years.T C M中医The history Chinese medicine Diagnost

49、ic methods look (望望)smell/hear (闻闻)ask (问问)palpation (切切)Forms of TCMtraditional Chinese herbmedicine(中药中药)acupuncture and moxibustion(针灸针灸)Chinese Medical Massage(推拿推拿)cupping(拔罐拔罐)qigong(气功气功)skin scraping(刮痧刮痧)food therapy(食疗食疗)B1broad sufficient intend pay offlimited experiment wisdom refer toTh

50、e passage below is about traditional Chinese medicine.Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.In her Nobel Lecture,Tu Youyou(1)_ the strengths of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine,and pointed out that there is great potential for fut