人教版中考英语知识点复习-专题一-第1讲-动词和动词短语课件.ppt

1、专 题 一专 题 一形式多样的动词形式多样的动词1 1命题点命题点1 动词动词词义辨析词义辨析2 2命题点命题点2 2 动词短语辨析动词短语辨析知识导图知识导图 (20152020)1.(2016河北河北34题题)The air _ fresh after the rain.And the sky is blue.A.feels B.tastes C.smells D.soundsC命题命题点点1 动词词义辨析动词词义辨析(必考：每年必考：每年24道；单选、完形道；单选、完形)中考试练中考试练河 北河 北 6 6 年 真 题年 真 题2.Mary bought a purple dress y

2、esterday.She _ beautiful in it.A.soundsB.smellsC.looksD.tastes3.The soup_ so delicious.Id like to have more.A.looksB.feelsC.tastesD.soundsC拓 展 提 升拓 展 提 升C4.Youd better have a rest.And youll _ better after a good sleep.A.tasteB.feelC.smellD.look5.Her voice _ very strange on the phone.I wonder what ha

3、ppened to her.A.soundedB.smelledC.lookedD.tastedBA6.After knowing the boy couldnt _ to go to school,his neighbors gave him a support.A.refuseB.affordC.promiseD.agree7.I dont know who _ the computer,but I know it has changed the world greatly.A.inventedB.coveredC.repeatedD.playedBA8.Miss Yang usually

4、 sets out early in order to _ the morning rush hour.A.chooseB.causeC.avoidD.accept9.I didnt _what you said just now.Could you please say it again?A.receiveB.catchC.findD.finishCB10.Sometimes life isnt as perfect as we _.We may face many difficulties in our life.A.breakB.mindC.imagineD.enjoy11.Never_

5、 others papers in exams.Honesty is more important than scores.A.valueB.loseC.giveD.copyCD12.Someone is at the door.Would you mind _ it please?A.askingB.answering C.buyingD.selling13.The policemen _ looking for the missing girl.How great they are!A.saveB.wasteC.keepD.stopBC14.I listened to the radio

6、to_ my spoken English.It really worked.A.failB.doubtC.improveD.succeed15.My little brother _ painting very much.So my parents will send him to the art school.A.likesB.hatesC.beginsD.endsCA1考向考向感官动词辨析感官动词辨析(2016.34)(2016.34)分析河北近分析河北近6年中考真题可知，河北中考近年中考真题可知，河北中考近6年仅在单项选年仅在单项选择中考查了择中考查了smell的用法。初中常见的感官动

7、词还有的用法。初中常见的感官动词还有feel，sound,look,taste。解答此类试题的关键是剖析题干中的搭配词及语境。解答此类试题的关键是剖析题干中的搭配词及语境。满分突破满分突破2考向考向实义动词辨析实义动词辨析(必考：每年必考：每年23道道)实义动词辨析在河北近实义动词辨析在河北近6年中考中为必考点，均在完形填空年中考中为必考点，均在完形填空中考查，其中选项的设置有两种：中考查，其中选项的设置有两种：1.选项均为实义动词；选项均为实义动词；2.选项选项为两组词义相对类动词。解答辨析类试题时，首先要分析各个为两组词义相对类动词。解答辨析类试题时，首先要分析各个选项的词义，然后分析语境

8、，找出关键词，或者根据前后文语选项的词义，然后分析语境，找出关键词，或者根据前后文语境的逻辑关系来确定正确答案。境的逻辑关系来确定正确答案。例例1Hurry up!Were late.I dont want to _ the start of the film.A.catchB.getC.missD.teach【方法点拨】【方法点拨】第步：确定四个选项的含义：赶上；获得；第步：确定四个选项的含义：赶上；获得；错过；教会；第步：根据题干中的错过；教会；第步：根据题干中的“Hurry up!Were late.”可知此处指不想错过电影的开始。故选可知此处指不想错过电影的开始。故选C。例例2I ca

9、nt find my keys.Maybe I _ them at home this morning.A.leftB.forgotC.lostD.found【方法点拨】【方法点拨】第步：确定四个选项的含义：留下；忘记；第步：确定四个选项的含义：留下；忘记；丢失；找到，发现；第步：根据前半句中的丢失；找到，发现；第步：根据前半句中的“cant find”以及以及“at home”，并结合固定短语，并结合固定短语“leave sth.at sp.”可知此可知此处表示将某物遗留在某处。处表示将某物遗留在某处。故选故选A。【知识必备】【知识必备】常见的词义相对类动词：常见的词义相对类动词：have拥

10、有拥有lose失去失去(2017.37)forget忘记忘记remember记住记住(2017.45)save节约节约waste浪费浪费(2016.44)ask询问询问reply回复回复/answer回答回答buy买买sell 卖卖begin/start开始开始end结束结束borrow借入借入lend借出借出bring带来带来take带走带走come来来go去去continue继续继续stop 停止停止doubt怀疑怀疑believe相信相信find找到找到lose 丢失丢失like喜欢喜欢hate/dislike 讨厌讨厌win赢赢fail 输输命题点命题点2 动动词短语辨析词短语辨析(必

11、考：每年必考：每年12道；单选、完形道；单选、完形)分析河北近分析河北近6年中考真题可知，动词短语辨析共考查年中考真题可知，动词短语辨析共考查10次，且每次，且每年在单项选择题型中必考一道，主要涉及年在单项选择题型中必考一道，主要涉及3种形式：同一动词型种形式：同一动词型(2次次)；同一介词；同一介词/副词型副词型(4次次)；混合型；混合型(4次次)。其中同一动词型和同。其中同一动词型和同一介词一介词/副词型在单项选择中考查副词型在单项选择中考查4次次(2020.38，2017.29,2016.39,2015.35)，在完形填空中考查，在完形填空中考查2次次(2019.44,2017.41)；

12、混合型在单项选；混合型在单项选择中考查择中考查2次次(2019.31,2018.32)，在完形填空中考查，在完形填空中考查2次次(2016.42,2015.48)。此类试题旨在考查考生对语境或上下文的理解能力、对不此类试题旨在考查考生对语境或上下文的理解能力、对不同动词短语含义的掌握以及恰当运用动词短语的能力。所以考同动词短语含义的掌握以及恰当运用动词短语的能力。所以考生应将常见的动词短语牢记于心。生应将常见的动词短语牢记于心。例例Dont forget to _ the lights when they are not in use!A.turn over B.turn offC.turn

13、up D.turn on【方法点拨】【方法点拨】第步：分析四个选项可知，此题考查第步：分析四个选项可知，此题考查“同一动词同一动词不同介词不同介词/副词副词”的辨析。选项的含义分别是：翻转；关闭；调大；的辨析。选项的含义分别是：翻转；关闭；调大；打开。第步：分析语境打开。第步：分析语境“当不使用电灯时，不要忘记当不使用电灯时，不要忘记_它它们！们！”根据后半句中的关键信息根据后半句中的关键信息“when they are not in use”可知，可知，前半句要表达前半句要表达“不要忘记关灯不要忘记关灯”。故选。故选B。1 1考向考向同一动词型同一动词型look短语短语(2019.44,20

14、17.29)【知识梳理】【知识梳理】look for寻找；寻求寻找；寻求(2019.44)look after照顾；照看照顾；照看(2017.29)look at看看look into调查；观察调查；观察look like看起来像看起来像look out小心；注意小心；注意look over检查检查look through快速查看；浏览快速查看；浏览look up to钦佩；仰慕钦佩；仰慕look down upon瞧不起；看低瞧不起；看低look forward to盼望；期待盼望；期待look around(四处四处)转转；参观转转；参观look back at回首回首(往事往事)；回忆；

15、回顾；回忆；回顾look up(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看查阅；抬头看【试题在线】【试题在线】16.(2017河北河北29题题)Grandfather lives with us.We all _ him.A.look at B.look forC.look after D.look like17.You can _ new words in your edictionary.It is very convenient.A.look up B.look intoC.look over D.look throughCA18.Peter,_！Theres a

16、 car coming on your way.A.look for B.look outC.look like D.look atBcome短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】come down下来下来come back回来；想起来回来；想起来come from来自来自come over过来；顺便来访过来；顺便来访come true 实现实现come out出现；出版出现；出版come in/into 进入；进来进入；进来come into being形成形成come across(偶然偶然)遇见遇见(或发现或发现)come on快点儿；加油快点儿；加油come up with想出；提出想出；提

17、出(主意、答案等主意、答案等)come up to(为攀谈而为攀谈而)走到跟前；走近走到跟前；走近come back to回到回到(主题、想法等主题、想法等)上来上来【试题在线】【试题在线】19._，Bill.You should never doubt your ability to make changes.A.Come on B.Come inC.Come from D.Come back20.The storm was over.The sun as well as the rainbow _ from the clouds.A.came true B.came overC.came

18、out D.came downAC21.Simon is a creative boy.He often _ different kinds of ideas.A.comes up with B.comes into beingC.comes up to D.comes back toAgive短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】give away 捐赠捐赠 give back 还给，归还还给，归还give in屈服；让步屈服；让步 give off发出发出(光、热等光、热等)give out散布；分发散布；分发 give up 放弃放弃【试题在线】【试题在线】22.Dont _ hope at

19、any time.Everything will be fine soon.A.give off B.give back C.give out D.give up23.Our school collected many books and school things.They were _ to the kids in the village.A.given away B.given inC.given off D.given outDAget短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】get away 逃离逃离get back 回来回来get in进入；到达；收获进入；到达；收获 get on上车上车g

20、et off 下车下车 get out离开，出去离开，出去get over克服克服 get to到达到达get up起床；站起起床；站起 get into陷入；参与陷入；参与get away from避免，摆脱；逃离避免，摆脱；逃离get out of离开；从离开；从出来出来get used to习惯于习惯于get into the habit of养成养成的习惯的习惯get in the way(of)挡挡的路；妨碍的路；妨碍get on/along with 和睦相处；关系良好和睦相处；关系良好get ready for为为做准备做准备【试题在线】【试题在线】24.Please_ the

21、bus quickly.The door is going to close.A.get over B.get onC.get to D.get away25.Its too dangerous here.Lets_ the place as soon as possible.A.get out of B.get ready forC.get used to D.get on withBAgo短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】go along沿着沿着走走 go away消失消失go ahead前进前进 go back回去回去go by流逝；过去流逝；过去 go on继续继续go out出去出去

22、go over仔细检查；复习仔细检查；复习go through穿过穿过 go up上升；升起上升；升起go off 响起；消失响起；消失【试题在线】【试题在线】26.Jack couldnt _ to play football because he had to finish his homework first.A.go away B.go out C.go through D.go back27.Ann is a careful girl.She always _ her papers carefully before handing them in.A.goes off B.goes

23、onC.goes up D.goes overBDput短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】put away放好放好 put down写下，记下写下，记下put off推迟推迟 put back将将放回放回put out熄灭熄灭 put up搭建；张贴搭建；张贴put on上演；增加上演；增加(体重体重)；发胖；发胖 put in安装；把安装；把写进写进(信函、故事等信函、故事等)put into投入；投放投入；投放(资金资金)put through使经受使经受(磨炼、痛苦磨炼、痛苦)put together组装；把组装；把放在一起放在一起put up with容忍；忍受容忍；忍受【试题在线】【试

24、题在线】28.Youd better _ the key points in your notebook.They are very important.A.put on B.put upC.put down D.put out29.What a pity!The Olympic Games in Japan has been _ because of COVID19.A.put off B.put downC.put into D.put togetherCA30.Little John,_ the toys you are not playing with into the box.A.p

25、ut in B.put backC.put out D.put throughBtake短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】take after与与长得像长得像 take down 拆除；往下拽；记录拆除；往下拽；记录take in吸收；吸入吸收；吸入 take off起飞；脱掉起飞；脱掉take over接收，接管接收，接管 take up占用，占据；开始从事占用，占据；开始从事take care of照顾照顾 take part in参加参加take pride in以以为傲为傲 take the place of代替代替take out切除；摘除；带走切除；摘除；带走 take away f

26、rom从从拿走拿走【试题在线】【试题在线】31.You can _ a new hobby if you dont know what to do in your spare time.A.take up B.take afterC.take down D.take in32.Its too hot in the room.I have to _ my coat.A.take in B.take offC.take out D.take overAB33.There is a speech competition in our school.Do you want to _ it?A.take

27、 pride in B.take care ofC.take part in D.take away fromCturn短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】turn around转身；调转方向转身；调转方向turn off关掉关掉turn up调高调高(声音声音)turn into变成变成turn out结果是结果是 turn.over使使翻转翻转turn to转向；求助于转向；求助于 turn down拒绝；调低拒绝；调低(声音声音)turn back(使使)返回；返回；(使使)折回折回 turn right/left向右向右/左转左转 turn on接通接通(电流、煤气、水等电流、煤气、水等)

28、；打开；打开【试题在线】【试题在线】34.Draw your own invention on the paper.Maybe it will be _ a real product one day.A.turned off B.turned outC.turned into D.turned left35.Jane _ the invitation from her friend.She had an important meeting that day.A.turned back B.turned overC.turned right D.turned downCD36.Were driv

29、ing in the wrong direction.So we have to_ at the next crossing.A.turn on B.turn around C.turn up D.turn toBfor短语短语(2017.41,2015.35)【知识梳理】【知识梳理】ask for请求请求(2017.41)pay for为为付钱付钱(2015.35)care for照顾；关怀照顾；关怀 leave for动身去动身去prepare for 为为做准备做准备 wait for 等待等待stand for代表代表 thanks for 因因而感谢而感谢2考向考向同一介词同一介词/

30、副词型副词型【试题在线】【试题在线】37.(2015河北河北35题题)This food is free.You dont have to _ it.A.look for B.pay forC.ask for D.wait for 38.Lily doesnt have time to go to the concert.She has to _ her English speech competition.A.leave for B.care forC.prepare for D.stand forBCup短语短语(2020.38)【知识梳理】【知识梳理】clean up收拾干净；打扫收拾干

31、净；打扫(2020.38)call up打电话打电话 catch up赶上赶上fix up修理修理 grow up长大长大pick up拣起；顺车接拣起；顺车接 wake up 醒来醒来stay up熬夜熬夜 stand up站起来站起来show up出现；露面出现；露面 warm up 热身热身cheer up(使使)变得更高兴；振奋起来变得更高兴；振奋起来bring up提出；抚养提出；抚养【试题在线】【试题在线】39.(2020河北河北38题题)Some volunteers are going to _ the central park.Lets join them.A.put up

32、B.clean upC.look up D.give up40.When the best singer _ in our class,everyone shouted with excitement.A.brought up B.fixed upC.showed up D.stayed up BC41.My grandpa always_ at six in the morning.He does Tai Chi in the yard to keep fit.A.wakes up B.picks upC.catches up D.calls up Aout短语短语(2016.39)【知识梳

33、理】【知识梳理】find out发现；找出发现；找出(2016.39)break out 爆发爆发eat out 出去吃饭出去吃饭 hand out分发分发take out取出；拿出取出；拿出 point out指出指出come out 出版出版 work out 计算出计算出blow out熄灭；吹灭熄灭；吹灭 lay out摆开；布置摆开；布置stand out出色；杰出；更为重要出色；杰出；更为重要leave out忽略；不提及；不包括忽略；不提及；不包括【试题在线】【试题在线】42.(2016河北河北39题题)We need to do some research to _ the a

34、nswer.A.find out B.look outC.hand out D.take out43.If I do something wrong,please_ it directly.I will correct as soon as possible.A.blow out B.point outC.leave out D.stand outAB44.She _ a map on the desk and then explained some knowledge to us carefully.A.worked out B.ate outC.laid out D.came outCab

35、out短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】argue about为为争论争论 bring about带来，造成带来，造成care about在乎；介意在乎；介意 hear about听说听说know about了解了解 talk about谈论谈论worry about担心担心 hang about闲逛闲逛look about环顾；四处看环顾；四处看 walk about四处走动四处走动【试题在线】【试题在线】45.Nancy doesnt _ her final exam at all.She has prepared for it very well.A.look about B.hear a

36、boutC.know about D.worry about46.After class,Tom _ funny things that he had seen at Disneyland with his classmates happily.A.hung about B.knew aboutC.walked about D.talked aboutDD47.Parents are the people who love us most in the world.They _ us a lot.A.care about B.argue aboutC.talk about D.bring ab

37、outAat短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】shout at冲冲大声叫嚷大声叫嚷 knock at 敲敲laugh at嘲笑，取笑嘲笑，取笑 smile at冲冲笑笑call at拜访，访问；停靠拜访，访问；停靠(车站车站)arrive at到达到达(小地方小地方)point at指向指向 stare at 盯着看盯着看【试题在线】【试题在线】48.Tell me when you _ the airport.I will ask my brother to pick you up then.A.point at B.knock atC.shout at D.arrive at49.Liste

38、n!Is there someone _ the door?A.calling at B.knocking atC.smiling at D.laughing atDBaway短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】pass away(婉辞婉辞)去世去世run away逃跑，跑掉逃跑，跑掉throw away扔掉扔掉 walk away走开，离去走开，离去take away拿走拿走 wash away冲走冲走【试题在线】【试题在线】50.Dont _ bottles or newspapers.We can recycle them and make something useful out of t

39、hem.A.wash away B.pass awayC.run away D.throw away51.Excuse me,could you help me_ these chairs?They are taking up too much space.A.walk away B.take awayC.wash away D.pass awayDBdown短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】cut down砍倒；削减砍倒；削减 break down 损坏；失败损坏；失败calm down(使使)平静，镇静平静，镇静 fall down摔倒摔倒shut down关闭；停下关闭；停下 cool d

40、own平静下来；冷却平静下来；冷却lie down躺下躺下 write down写下；记下写下；记下count down倒计时；倒读数倒计时；倒读数knock down拆除；击倒；撞到拆除；击倒；撞到die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失逐渐变弱；逐渐消失【试题在线】【试题在线】52.Lily_ on the way to school.She is in hospital now.A.counted down B.fell downC.calmed down D.died down53.My computer _ and was sent to repair.Can I use yours fo

41、r a while?A.broke down B.shut downC.cooled down D.knocked downBAoff短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】keep off避开，不接近避开，不接近run off 跑掉，迅速离开跑掉，迅速离开set off 出发，动身前往出发，动身前往 break off 突然中止，中断突然中止，中断cut off 切除切除 pay off偿清偿清(欠款等欠款等)ring off挂断电话，停止讲话挂断电话，停止讲话fall off跌落；下降；减少；离开跌落；下降；减少；离开【试题在线】【试题在线】54.Although the two good fri

42、ends moved to different countries,they didnt _ their relationship.A.cut off B.ring offC.keep off D.break off 55.Please _ the dangerous animals when you are taking a closeup photo with them.A.keep off B.fall offC.pay off D.ring offDAon短语短语【知识梳理】【知识梳理】agree on就就达成协议达成协议call on拜访拜访depend on依靠，依赖依靠，依赖 d

43、ecide on选定，决定选定，决定focus on集中注意力于集中注意力于 live on靠靠为生为生look on旁观旁观 carry on继续下去；从事继续下去；从事hold on坚持；不挂断电话坚持；不挂断电话【试题在线】【试题在线】56.After a long discussion,they finally _ the decision.A.agreed on B.called on C.held on D.decided on57.Come on,boys and girls.The high scores _whether you study hard or not.A.liv

44、e on B.depend on C.look on D.focus onAB3考向考向混合型混合型(2019.31,2018.32)58.(2019河北河北31题题)On the first day of Chinese New Year,we _ new clothes and visit people.A.look up B.put onC.take off D.throw away59.(2018河北河北32题题)Can you help me _ the pen?Its under your chair.A.ask for B.look forC.pick up D.put upBC

45、60.Lying in bed and playing with your phone is bad for your eyes.So _ your phone before you go to bed.A.set up B.shut off C.give in D.begin with61.Youre not supposed to _ others.Thats impolite and unkind.A.turn out B.laugh at C.get out D.look atBB62.The old couple havent _ their son for several weeks.They are worried about him now.A.heard from B.cut offC.waited forD.depended on 63.My mother asked me to _ the habit of making bed as soon as I get up.A.stand for B.watch outC.stay at D.get intoAD