动词不定式课件.pptx

1、2022-10-27动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式的结构 动词不定式是“to+动词原形动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。否定形式是“not to do”结构。动词不定式没有人称和数没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能单独做谓语。动词不定式可在句子中作主作主语、表语语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。谓语。动词不定式做主语 1不定式置于句首。例如：To teach English is my happiness To see is to believe.2用it做形式主语把真正的主语不定式置于句末，常用于下列句式中。It+be+名词名词+to do sth.I

2、ts our duty to protect the water.Its my turn to play basketball.It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.It takes me five days to finish this work.it+be+形容词形容词+for sb.+to do sth It is important for us to keep healthy.It+be+形容词形容词+of sb.+to do sth It is very kind of you to help me.不定式作宾语。宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者，

3、可由不定式来担任。1以下动词可以接带to的动词不定式做宾语。如：hopehope，wishwish，would likewould like,want,want,lovelove，helphelp，learn,decidelearn,decide，preferprefer，agreeagree，askask，choosechoose You can choose to write I wish to go to Beijing for my holiday.I decided to learn computer.I would like to fly kites this afternoon.

4、形式宾语 动词make，think，find，feel等词后面可以用it做形式宾语来代替句子真正的宾语一动词不定式，其结构为：makethinkfindfeel+it+adj.n+to do sth I find it easy to understand the problem I feel it very interesting to study English with him We all think it impolite to speak loudly in public不定式做表语不定式可放在be动词之后，形成表语，不定式做表语表示具体动作或将来的动作。My job is to

5、teach English.My task is to find out the cost for the bus.四、不定式做定语不定式在句中做定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。I have some books to read.To read是修饰前面的名词是修饰前面的名词books的的定语定语。Do you have anything to tell him?To tell him在在这里是修饰前面的代词这里是修饰前面的代词anything。Would you please give me a room to live in?不定式在这里是修饰前面的名词不定式在这里是修饰前面的名词roo

6、m的。的。五、不定式作宾语朴足语 一些及物动词除要求接宾语外，有时还需要有宾语补足语。说明宾语的行为、状态、特征。这时意思才相对完整。常要求不定式做宾补的动词有：allow，tell，ask，advise，invite，force(强迫)，encourage，would like，order,teach，want，wish等。He invited me to go shopping with himMiss Wang teaches us to play the piano.allow sb.(not)to do sthtell sb.(not)to do sthask sb.(not)to

7、do sthadvise sb.(not)to do sthinvite sb.(not)to do sthforce sb.(not)to do sthencourage sb.(not)to do sthWould like sb.(not)to do sthorder sb.(not)to do sthteach sb.(not)to do sthwant sb.(not)to do sthwish sb.(not)to do sth 在主动语态中，感官动词和使役动词后接不定式做补语时，不带to。常见的动词有：一感feel；二听hearlisten to；三让makelethave；四看

8、seelook atwatchobserve。Michael makes Tom work 10 hours every day.I often see Lucy play football on weekends.make sb.do sth.see sb.do sth.六、不定式做状语 1做目的状语 to doin order to do表示“为了，为”在句中作目的状语。I went there to(in order to)see what will happen He worked very hard to change his life I get up early to catch

9、 the early bus.2做原因状语 其结构为sb.+be+adj.+to do sth They are very happy to come to my party We were very excited to hear the news.I am sorry to hear that.3做结果状语 当一个句子中有too或enough时，(tooto；enough to结构中)，常用不定式来做结果状语。Tom is too young to go to school.Tom is not old enough to go to school.She is too young to

10、do the work=She isnt old enough to do the work找出找出Unit6 Topic 1Unit6 Topic 1含含不定式的句子不定式的句子 I have some exciting news to tell you.It will take us a few days to get there by bike.Its too far to cycle.You need to find the cost for the bus.Id love to go by plane.Well decide on the best way to travel on

11、our field trip.定语定语主语主语结果状语结果状语宾语宾语宾语宾语定语定语 I want to book some rooms.Its common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.The student can use the headmasters cellphone to call home.I have great news to tell you.宾语宾语主语主语主语主语宾语补足语宾语补足语定语定语 Spring is the best time to climb Mount Tai.There are many interesting places to visit there.So we decided to take the train.I also called to book some rooms.So Michael advised us to raise money.定语定语定语定语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾语补足语宾语补足语