高考英语作文高分突破概要写作课件.pptx

1、作文高分突破概要写作 12021届高考英语主要内容一篇好的概要所具备的特点概要写作中存在的问题案例分析一篇好的概要所具备的特点What is a summary?a short retelling of the main idea of a text or a topic.Examples:a news report a description of a movie a blurb on the back of a book What makes a good summary?a.A good summary should include:1.the main ideas 2.Importan

2、t detailsb.A good summary is short,true and fair.（客观、准确、公正；不渲染、不加入自己的主观评价或观点）c.A good summary is written in your own words and in a clear order that the original text is presented in.概要写作高考要求评分时主要从以下4个方面考虑：1.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况 2.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性 3.上下文的连贯性 4.对各要点表达的独立性情况 提供一篇350个单词左右的文章（体裁一般为说明文或议论文），要求考生基于该

3、短文写一篇60词左右的内容概要。概要写作要心怀读者，假定读者看不到原文本，你写的文本是否 make sense。写概要时，要想象你是在对你的朋友描述或解释这篇文章。1.Unable to find the structure 2.Unable to find the key points 3.Unable to rewrite in your own words 4.Unable to write with beautiful language 概要写作中存在的主要问题1.Read it thoroughly to get the topic and structure of the pass

4、age 2.Underline topic sentence and important details in each paragraph （leave out unimportant details）3.Rely on your memory first to rewrite the main idea of each part 4.Revise it to ensure that your writing is to the point and clear and the language is well written.概要写作的过程Free reading is the best k

5、ind of homework for the students to do.Students get to choose what they want to read.Some students might read an adventure story.Others might read a mystery.Students can choose to read about topics they do not learn about in class.Students can take their time reading at home instead of having to rea

6、d only in class.案例分析请阅读下面这段文字并写概要：案例来自于 外滩英语Free reading is the best kind of homework for the students to do.Students get to choose what they want to read.Some students might read an adventure story.Others might read a mystery.Students can choose to read about topics they do not learn about in class

7、.Students can take their time reading at home instead of having to read only in class.案例分析Free reading is the best kind of homework for the students to do.Students get to choose what they want to read.Some students might read an adventure story.Others might read a mystery.Students can choose to read

8、 about topics they do not learn about in class.Students can take their time reading at home instead of having to read only in class.案例分析第一句 copying第二句 minor details最后一句 confusing order看看下面这篇概要的问题在哪儿？Free reading is the best kind of homework for the students to do.Students could read adventure storie

9、s or mysteries.I like mysteries best.They can use free reading to learn about different topics.They can also take more time to read outside of class.Students can choose what they read.第三句 your own opinion Free reading is the best homework for students.It allows students to choose what to read and le

10、arn about and also ensures them more time to read.Random reading should be acknowledged as the superb assignment for students which empowers them to obtain more alternatives and guarantees ample reading time.Students should have free reading as their homework.It is important for students to choose w

11、hat they read and learn about.Reading at home can give students more reading time.主位缺失，逻辑混乱。这篇概要的主位应该是free reading,不是students 或reading at home。辞藻华丽，晦涩难懂121.包含文章所有要点，每个要点独立，逻辑清晰。2.按照原文出现的顺序，用自己的语言表达，字数60左右。3.表达连贯，内容客观、清晰，不渲染，不参入自己的观点。4.语言准确、严谨、简练、高级。总结：什么是一篇好的概要？Topic of the article Part1 Part 2 Part

12、 3 Part4TS 1KD 1,2 KD 1,2 KD 1,2 KD 1,2 Mi 1,如何确定文章的关键信息TS 2TS 3TS 4Mi 1,Mi 1,Mi 1,How to locate the main ideas and important details?Mind Map (overall/big picture of a text,the structure of the text)Group words (words or phrases frequently appearing)Signal words (first，last，but,however,for example,

13、besides,therefore,in conclusion，on the contrary,meanwhile,on the one hand,on the other hand,someothers,consequently,)确定文章的关键信息几个策略Relationship between sentencesMind Map (structure of a text)M4U2:Chemical or Organic FarmingPara.1：introductionPara.2:problemsPara.3:solution Para.4:other solutionsproble

14、ms caused by chemicals(damage the health of people and soil)organic farming(definition,benefits)other methods to keep soil fertilechemical fertilizers(welcomed but harmful)Mind Map (structure of a text）M3U4:Communication:No Problem?Para.1 backgroundPara.2&3 problem-noticingPara.4 Problem-analyzingPa

15、ra.5 Problem-solvingMeet international students at the airport(watching them)Some major misunderstandings of their greeting body languageNot all cultures greet the same way(examples).not good or bad 2.studying international customsLike any other facility,keeping a school open requires a great deal o

16、f money.Keeping school open in the middle of summer requires air conditioning,and that adds significantly to the schools expenses.Besides,teachers must be paid for all the weeks hey are working.For example,a high school in Arizona had a cost increase of$157,ooo when they switched to year-round schoo

17、ling.Some schools may not be able to handle such increases,and other schools that can handle these expenses could be doing better things with the money.Group words can indicate the main idea.Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children.Some families have genetic

18、diseases.This means their children will for sure have the family disease,which is a great trouble for these families.In the past,doctors could do nothing about genetic diseases.But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly.Scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it,and a healt

19、hy child will be born.Group words can indicate key supporting information.As is known to all,sports stars earn large amounts of money every year.LeBron James,the famous American basketball star,for instance,earns an income of more than 20 million dollars a year.Some people hold the view that these s

20、tars do not deserve the high pay that they are getting.Some even argue that sports stars do nothing to society apart from entertaining people.Their contribution to society are much less than those made by doctors,firemen,scientists,professors,etc.But I can never agree with that.Signal words may help

21、 to locate main idea.but,however等后面的信息一般是段落的重要信息举例后的信息一般属于次要信息 Actually,vacation happiness is based on the following top rules.First,choose your travel companions wisely,because nothing contributes more significantly to a trip than the right companions.Second,dont spend your vacation time in a place

22、 where everything is too expensive so as to maintain a positive mood.Third,shop wisely,for meaningful experiences provide more long-term happiness than physical possessions.Signal words may help to locate key details.3个Rules要作为重要细节写到概要中 The biggest factor in short-sightedness is a lack of time spent

23、 outdoors.Exposure to daylight helps the retina(视网膜)to release a chemical that slows down an increase in the eyes axial length,which is what most often causes myopia(近视).A combination of not being outdoors and doing lots of work focusing up close(like writing characters or reading)worsens the proble

24、m.But if a child has enough time in the open,they can study all they like and their eyesight should not suffer,says Ian Morgan of Australian National University.Topic sentenceexplanationfurther informationfurther explanationRelationship between sentences in a paragraph1.1.高考高考作文不同于作文不同于“自由写作自由写作”高考作

25、文为了达到一定的考察目的，考生要高考作文为了达到一定的考察目的，考生要“根据要求写作根据要求写作”，在这个基础上鼓励考生发挥想象和联想写出自己的思考和感悟，因此，若要写好高考作文，既不能不顾写作要求信马由缰，也不能被要求所限，畏手畏脚，在这个基础上鼓励考生发挥想象和联想写出自己的思考和感悟，因此，若要写好高考作文，既不能不顾写作要求信马由缰，也不能被要求所限，畏手畏脚。2.2.而而要既符合要求，又要有张扬个性的出彩的地方。所以说高考作文不是自由写作，既有限制又有开放的空间，既有考生必须完成的规定动作又要有彰显特色的自选动作。要既符合要求，又要有张扬个性的出彩的地方。所以说高考作文不是自由写作，

26、既有限制又有开放的空间，既有考生必须完成的规定动作又要有彰显特色的自选动作。3.3.一一篇议论文如果能有几个联系密切并具有较强论证力度的主体段，那就会增加论证的深度、广度和厚度，颇具层次感，使议论文富有说服力。因此，同学们写好议论文的主体段至关重要。篇议论文如果能有几个联系密切并具有较强论证力度的主体段，那就会增加论证的深度、广度和厚度，颇具层次感，使议论文富有说服力。因此，同学们写好议论文的主体段至关重要。4.4.出现出现大量的叙述文字，而缺少相应的议论性语言点睛，给人以罗列事例或者啰嗦叙事的感觉，并且暴露自己欠缺说理能力的大量的叙述文字，而缺少相应的议论性语言点睛，给人以罗列事例或者啰嗦叙

27、事的感觉，并且暴露自己欠缺说理能力的缺点缺点。5.5.空洞空洞乏味的议论，缺乏必要的理论和事实支撑，车轱辘话绕来绕去，论述肤浅乏味的议论，缺乏必要的理论和事实支撑，车轱辘话绕来绕去，论述肤浅无力无力。6.6.段落段落中有事例有论述，但却水是水，油是油，没有分析融合，论点就如同生硬地贴在论据上面的标签，缺乏中有事例有论述，但却水是水，油是油，没有分析融合，论点就如同生硬地贴在论据上面的标签，缺乏说服力说服力。7.7.这这是一则新材料运用作文，先是列举了古往今来中外青年成人礼仪和节日的沿革；接着从国际和国家层面，对青年提出了明确的希望和要求；最后指出是一则新材料运用作文，先是列举了古往今来中外青年成人礼仪和节日的沿革；接着从国际和国家层面，对青年提出了明确的希望和要求；最后指出“你们你们”成年，青年们前赴后继，成就自我人生，勇作社会脊梁成年，青年们前赴后继，成就自我人生，勇作社会脊梁。8.8.在在运用部分，则指出结合材料进行联想和思考，致即将成年的自己。整道题条理明晰，从现象到本质，逐一得到揭示，很好地拓展了考生的写作思维。运用部分，则指出结合材料进行联想和思考，致即将成年的自己。整道题条理明晰，从现象到本质，逐一得到揭示，很好地拓展了考生的写作思维。