外研版高中英语必修二课件Module5Grammar.ppt--（课件中不含音视频）

1、Module 5 Newspapers and MagazinesGrammar高一外研版必修二高一外研版必修二Adverbial clause of time Ask Ss to tick out the sentences with adverbial clause of time from the passage Chinese Taikonaut Back on Earth Pre-class ActivityWhile he was traveling in space,Yang spoke to two astronaut aboard the International Spac

2、e Station.例如例如:Read the sentence and answer the questionsA:While he was traveling in space,Yang spoke to two astronaut aboard the International Space Station.B:When he was orbiting in the capsule,he took photographs of planet earth.1.There are two verbs in each sentence.Why are the tenses different?

3、The past continuous verb wascontinuing all the time,and was interrupted by actions of short duration which are in the past simple.2.Is one action longer than the other?Yes,the first action in each sentence is longer than the second one.3.Did one action take place after the other?No.they took place a

4、t the same time,although the second action started after the first one.4.Did one action take place at the same time as the other?Yes,it did.Read the sentences and choose the correct answersA When Yang landed,Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the control center.B When Yang landed,Premier Wen Jiabao was t

5、elephoning the control center.1 In the first sentence,(a)The Chinese Premier telephoned the control center after Yang landed.(b)He telephoned the control center before Yang landed.(c)The word when can be replaced with as soon as.2 In the second sentence,(a)The Chinese Premier telephoned the control

6、Center after Yang landed.(b)The news came in the middle of a conversation between the Chinese Premier and the control center.(c)The word when can be replace with at that time.Complete the sentences with the correct tense for the verbs in brackets.1.When yang went to Beijing,he_(meet)the premier.2.Wh

7、en he went to Hongkong,he_(sing)with Jackie Chen.metsang3.When they opened the capsule door,Yang _(get out).4.While he _(orbit)the earth,he spoke to the Space Station astronauts.got outwas orbiting 状语从句状语从句状语从句在句中起状语的作用，修状语从句在句中起状语的作用，修饰主句的谓语动词，形容词，副词饰主句的谓语动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。状语从句可按用途分或整个句子。状语从句可按用途分为时间状

8、语从句，地点状语从句，为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语，目的状原因状语从句，条件状语，目的状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，比较状语从句和方式状语从从句，比较状语从句和方式状语从句。句。状语从状语从句句 连词连词 时间状时间状语从句语从句after,as,as long as,before,once,since,when,while,till,hardlywhen,the moment地点状地点状语从句语从句where,wherever原因状原因状语从句语从句because,since,as,now that条件状条件状语从句语从句if,u

9、nless,as long as,as far as,in ease,on condition that让步状让步状语从句语从句as,though,although,no matter,even if,even though,however,whatever目的状目的状语从句语从句that,so that,in order that方式状方式状语从句语从句as,just as,as if,as though结果状结果状语从句语从句that,so that,so that,such that 比较状比较状语从句语从句asas,not soas,than,the more the more 常用的

10、引导时间状语从句的连词常用的引导时间状语从句的连词1.When when可表示可表示“当当的时候，一的时候，一就就（=as soon as 或或the moment),在在之之后（后（=after）”，既可表示时间段，又，既可表示时间段，又可可表示时间点；当表示时间点；当when用于表示时间段时用于表示时间段时可与可与while通用。通用。当我正在厨房里忙的时候，有人敲门。当我正在厨房里忙的时候，有人敲门。When/While I was busy in the kitchen,someone knocked at the door.当我醒来时，妈妈正在准备早餐。当我醒来时，妈妈正在准备早餐。

11、When I woke up,mom was preparing breakfast.2.whilewhile意为意为“正当正当的时候，在的时候，在期期间间”，用于表示时间段或过程，强调主，用于表示时间段或过程，强调主句与从句的行为或状态同时发生或存在，句与从句的行为或状态同时发生或存在，while所引导的时间状语从句中谓语必须所引导的时间状语从句中谓语必须用延续性动词。用延续性动词。e.g:在纽约时，我见过他两次。在纽约时，我见过他两次。While I was in New York,I met him twice.当我们的头潜入水下时，我们仍能听当我们的头潜入水下时，我们仍能听到声音。到声

12、音。We can still hear sounds while our heads are under water.在操作机床的过程中，我们十分小心。在操作机床的过程中，我们十分小心。While(we were)operating the machine tools,we were very careful.3.As as引导时间状语从句时，更侧重于主句引导时间状语从句时，更侧重于主句与从句的行为同时发生，常译为与从句的行为同时发生，常译为“随随着着”或或“一边一边一边一边”.随着年龄的增长，你知道的会越来越多。随着年龄的增长，你知道的会越来越多。As you grow,you know m

13、ore and more.她边走边唱。她边走边唱。She was singing as she was walking.4.Before before 意为意为“在在之前之前”。此外。此外before 还有一些特殊含义，如还有一些特殊含义，如“才，才，就，还没有来得及就，还没有来得及”。e.g:他险些把我撞倒才看到了我。他险些把我撞倒才看到了我。He almost knocked me down before he saw me.我还没有来得及仔细看，他就把便我还没有来得及仔细看，他就把便条从我手中拿走了。条从我手中拿走了。Before I could look carefully,he to

14、ok the note away from me.不久我们就会相见。不久我们就会相见。It wont be long before we meet again.5.After after意为意为“在在之后之后”。表示主句动。表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。作发生在从句动作之后。e.g:完成工作之后，我们回家了。完成工作之后，我们回家了。We went home after we had finished the work.你想好以后，请告诉我你的决定。你想好以后，请告诉我你的决定。After you think it over,please let me know your decision.

15、6.since Since 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性既可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词。动词。句型：句型：It is/has been+一段时间一段时间+since-clause(一般过去时）一般过去时）e.g:自从你离开，我一直在北京。自从你离开，我一直在北京。I have been in Beijing since you left.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.自从他们结婚至今已经有三年了。自从他们

16、结婚至今已经有三年了。It has been three years since they got married.自从他们不住这儿已经有三年了。自从他们不住这儿已经有三年了。It has been three years since they stayed here.7.till/until 译为译为“直到直到时时”（肯）（肯）until“直到直到才才”(否）主句和从否）主句和从句都为肯定式时，句都为肯定式时，till和和until可互换。可互换。主句否定式，从句肯定式，一般用主句否定式，从句肯定式，一般用until。e.g:我将呆在这儿直到你回来。我将呆在这儿直到你回来。Ill stay

17、here until/till you come back.他直到完成了作业才上床睡觉。他直到完成了作业才上床睡觉。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.1.the first(secondlast)time 第一第一（第二（第二最后）一次，最后）一次，last time（上次），（上次），next time（下次），（下次），any time(任何时候）等。任何时候）等。e.g:第一次我见到她时，我就知道第一次我见到她时，我就知道我们会成为好朋友。我们会成为好朋友。The first time I met her,I knew w

18、e would be good friends.引导时间状语从句的特殊连词引导时间状语从句的特殊连词我第一次见到他时，他给我留下了深刻我第一次见到他时，他给我留下了深刻的印象。的印象。I was deeply impressed by him the first time I met him.上次我在巴黎时，他常来看我。上次我在巴黎时，他常来看我。Last time I was in Paris,he often came to see me.下次你去国外时，带我一起去。下次你去国外时，带我一起去。Take me next time you go abroad.什么时候你需要我的车，我都会借给

19、你什么时候你需要我的车，我都会借给你的。的。Ill lend you my car any time you need it.2.each/every time(每次，每当），每次，每当），all the time(一直，始终）等。一直，始终）等。e.g:每次他来看望这位老人都会给他带每次他来看望这位老人都会给他带来许多水果。来许多水果。He brings a lot of fruit to the man everytime he comes to see him.他发言时，她一直在认真听。他发言时，她一直在认真听。She listened carefully all the time he

20、 spoke.3.by the time(到到时候为止）时候为止）e.g:到十四岁时，爱因斯坦已经自学了高到十四岁时，爱因斯坦已经自学了高等数学。等数学。By the time he was fourteen,Einstein had taught himself advanced mathematics.你明天来这儿的时候，我已经完成这项你明天来这儿的时候，我已经完成这项工作了。工作了。By the time you come here tomorrow,I will have finished this work.从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时；从句用一

21、般现在时，主句用将来完时；从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时。成时。4.the moment,the minute,the second,the instant,immediately,directly,instantly,once,no soonerthan,hardly/scarcelywhen等。等。e.g:我一看到她就认出她来了。我一看到她就认出她来了。I recognized her the moment(that)I saw her.我一干完活就回家了。我一干完活就回家了。I went home directly I had finished work.1._ riding a b

22、ike,he fell down to the ground.A.As B.When C.As soon as D.Immediately2.Im going to the post office._ you are there,can you get me some stamps?A.As B.While C.Because D.If3.He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it.A.where B.when C.that D.untilBBB4.Scientists say it m

23、ay be five or ten Years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A.since B.before C.after D.when5.It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life_ weve actually had that lesson.A.until B.after C.since D.when BA1.It _(snow)when he arrived at the station.2.As I was coming here,I _(mee

24、t)your brother.3.Great changes _(take)place in Beijing since it was liberated.4.I _(tell)you as soon as I know.5.Well wait until the doctor _(come).was snowingmethave takenwill tellcomes用动词的适当的形式填空。用动词的适当的形式填空。6.The telephone rang when I _ (take)a bath.7.As he talked on,he _ (get)more and more excit

25、ed.8.They talked as they_ (walk)along the river.9.He was punished only because he _(break)the law.10.As he was in a hurry,he _(leave)his bag home.was takinggotwalkedbrokeleftFill in the blanks with when,while or as.(1)_he comes tomorrowI shall ask where he has been(2)I saw her just_ she was getting

26、off the train(3)Have a good look at that man _ you pass him(4)It was already eight oclock _ we got there(5)I was about to go out _ a visitor cameWhen aswhen/as whenwhen(6)Well go to the country at the beginning of June_ the summer harvest will start(7)He learned to speak German_ he was in Berlin(8)H

27、enry is in charge of the office _ Mr.Smith is away(9)_ I got home,it began to rain(10)The bell rang _ he finished the testwhenwhilewhileAs soon asas soon asAdverbial clause of reasonRead these examples and answer thequestions.1.“As you have asked me so nicely”,said Sharon,“Id be delighted to sign yo

28、ur arm.”2.Since no one else saw the aliens,not many people believe Mr Bates.3.Now that I have made this visit,I hope I can come many more times.A.Which of the words can be replaced by the word because?as/sinceB.Do you think the words as and since sound more or less formal than because?less formalC W

29、hen the Premier Miniser said Now that,was he saying something that people knew or that they didnt know?something that people knew Complete these sentences.1.As you have been so nice to me _.2.Since no one believes what he said,_.3.Now that Sharon had finished the Program,_.4.Since the astronaut ofte

30、n said strange things,_.5.Now that the prime minister has been in China for a week,_.Students own answer.原因状语从句的引导词：原因状语从句的引导词：1.Because because 表示直接原因，语气最强，表示直接原因，语气最强，because所引导的原因状语从句通常位所引导的原因状语从句通常位于主句之后，于主句之后，because所引导的句子还所引导的句子还常用于回答常用于回答why引导的特殊疑问句。引导的特殊疑问句。e.g:I do it because I like it.2.si

31、nce/now that。通常译为。通常译为“既既然然”，表示已知的，表示已知的显然的理由，显然的理由，语语气比气比 because 弱，较为正式；弱，较为正式；now that，更突出事实本身。，更突出事实本身。Since 和和now that 所引导的原因状语从句一所引导的原因状语从句一般位于主句之前。般位于主句之前。e.g:既然你比较空闲，那就帮我既然你比较空闲，那就帮我补习数学吧。补习数学吧。Since you are free,come and help me with my mathematics.既然你是个男子汉，就不要做既然你是个男子汉，就不要做这样的事了。这样的事了。Now

32、that you are a man,you must not do such a thing.3.As 引导附带说明的引导附带说明的“双方已知的原双方已知的原因因”，语气比，语气比since弱，较为正式，位弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活（常放于主句之前）。置较为灵活（常放于主句之前）。天还在下雨，你还是乘出租车好了。天还在下雨，你还是乘出租车好了。As it is raining,youd better take a taxi.4.forFor 所引导的原因状语从句并非用于说所引导的原因状语从句并非用于说明主句行为发生的直接原因，而是为明主句行为发生的直接原因，而是为了提供一些辅助性的补充说明，

33、只能了提供一些辅助性的补充说明，只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。主句隔开。e.g:他不可能见到我，因为当时我并不他不可能见到我，因为当时我并不在那里。在那里。He could not have seen me,for I was not there.注意：注意：在强调句型中，强调原因状语从在强调句型中，强调原因状语从句时，只可用句时，只可用It is/was because that而不可用而不可用since 或或 as引导原因状语从句。引导原因状语从句。由于她妈妈病了，她没和我们一起去。由于她妈妈病了，她没和我们一起去。It was becaus

34、e her mother was ill that she didnt go with us.还有一些介词短语也可以表示原因。这还有一些介词短语也可以表示原因。这类介词短语有：类介词短语有：thanks to,as a result of,because of,due to,owing to 等。等。e.g:多亏了你的帮忙，我才通过了测验。多亏了你的帮忙，我才通过了测验。由于战争，许多人丧失了生命。由于战争，许多人丧失了生命。As a result of the war,many peoples lives were lost.Thanks to your help,I passed the

35、test.由于需求的增加，一些商品提价了。由于需求的增加，一些商品提价了。Some articles have risen in price due to the increasing demand.那班列车因天气恶劣而误点。那班列车因天气恶劣而误点。The train was late owing to the bad weather.seeing that,considering that,in that 等也等也可以引导原因状语从句。可以引导原因状语从句。既然他没有经验，他就不合适这项工作。既然他没有经验，他就不合适这项工作。Seeing(that)he is inexperienced

36、,he is not fit for the work.考虑到这个时间交通很拥挤，我们只好再考虑到这个时间交通很拥挤，我们只好再呆一会儿。呆一会儿。Considering(that)the traffic is heavy this time of day,we will have to wait a little longer.我喜欢这座城市，但我更喜欢我喜欢这座城市，但我更喜欢乡村，因为那里有更清新的空乡村，因为那里有更清新的空气。气。I like the city,but I prefer the country in that there is fresher air.注意注意:1.b

37、efore 引导的从句常用句型；引导的从句常用句型；It is long before（过了（过了 好久才好久才）It is not long before(过了不久就过了不久就)2.till/until(till 一般不放在句首一般不放在句首)持续性动词（肯定式）持续性动词（肯定式）+until(直到直到为为止止)瞬间性动词（否定式）瞬间性动词（否定式）+until(直直到到才才)强调句型；强调句型；It is not untilthat I waited until/till he had finished his work.3.since 译为译为 自从自从 来来since+瞬间性动瞬间

38、性动词过去式，从该动作发生时算起词过去式，从该动作发生时算起 since+持续性动词过去式，从该动作结持续性动词过去式，从该动作结束时算起。束时算起。自从他入厂以来一直努力工作。自从他入厂以来一直努力工作。He has been working very hard since he entered the factory.自从他不在这个长工作后，我们还没见自从他不在这个长工作后，我们还没见过面。过面。We have not seen each other since I worked in the factory.4.原因状语从句的连原因状语从句的连 because/as/since beca

39、use 引导原因状语从句，说明直接引导原因状语从句，说明直接原因。有时也用于推测性理由表示必然原因。有时也用于推测性理由表示必然的因果关系。回答的因果关系。回答why 只能用只能用because,在在because 前可加前可加 only，just等表示强调等表示强调意义的意义的 词或否定词词或否定词not.在构成强调句型在构成强调句型时，只能用时，只能用 because从句从句 不能用不能用since或或 as 从句。从句。如：如：2000年来没有任何人怀疑过他的年来没有任何人怀疑过他的观点，仅仅因为他是亚里士多德观点，仅仅因为他是亚里士多德-伟伟大的思想家。大的思想家。No one que

40、stioned his idea for almost 2000 years only because he wasAristotle,the great thinker.since 和和as引导的原因状语从句，着重点引导的原因状语从句，着重点在于主句，原因在于主句，原因 只是附带说明，说明显只是附带说明，说明显而已知的理由。而已知的理由。as 从句常放在主句之前。从句常放在主句之前。既然每个人都到了，那么让我们就开始既然每个人都到了，那么让我们就开始吧！吧！Since everyone is here,lets begin.因为他来自南方，所以他不能适应北京因为他来自南方，所以他不能适应北京

41、干燥的气候。干燥的气候。As he is from the south,he isunaccustomed to the dry weather in Beijing.注意：注意：for 可连接并列句，表示原因可连接并列句，表示原因for 是并列连词。是并列连词。for只能后置，往只能后置，往往是对前面句子加以说明或补充说往是对前面句子加以说明或补充说明某些事实。明某些事实。1.A man cannot smile like a child,_ a child smiles with his eyes,while a man smiles with his lips alone.A.so B.

42、but C.and D.for2.Why dont you do it now?_ Im too busy.A.As B.Because C.For D.Since3._everybody knows about it,I dont want to talk any more.A.For B.Even C.Since D.HoweverDBC4.Wang Ling was elected all _ he is the tallest.A.because B.because of C.for D.as 5.Im green at everything.Dont worry._ you get

43、older,you will get more experience.A.When B.Till C.As D.WhileBCUse proper words to fill in the blanks1.He didnt attend the meeting _ he had to much work to do.2._ he cant answer the question,youd better ask some one else.3._ I havent seen the film,I cant tell you what I think of it.4.The ground is w

44、et,_ it rained last night.becauseSinceAs forFor more exercises,click here.高考链接高考链接1.(10湖南湖南32)Tim is in good shape physically_ he doesnt get much exercise.A.if B.even though C.unless D.as long asB2.(10山东山东28)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,_ acc

45、ompanied by an adult.A.once B.when C.if D.unlessD3.(10上海上海34)_ you may have,you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A.However a serious problem B.What a serious problemC.However serious a problem D.What serious a problemC4.(10四川四川20)Because of the heavy traffic,it was already time for lunch break _ she got to her office.A.since B.that C.when D.untilFor more exercises,click here.DHomeworkGo to the library or surf the Internet to find one of the Chinese newspaper,then translate it into English.