英语二级考试语法重点课件.ppt

1、英语二级考试语法重点 讲解 练习重点 一.动词虚拟语气 二.非谓语动词 三.名词从句 四.定语从句 五.状语从句 六.主语和谓语的一致 七.倒装句 八.情态动词的完成体 九.强调1.1虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法情况条件从句结果主句与现在事实相反动词过去式(be用were)would/should/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might+have +过去分词与将来事实相反1)动词过去式2)should+动词原形3)were to+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形用法举例表示与现在事实相反

2、的假设1.If I were you,I should go to see the doctor at once.2.If we knew his address,we could write to him.表示与过去事实相反的假设1.If you had come here yesterday,you would have seen him.2.If he hadnt been so busy,he would have helped you.用法举例表示与将来事实相反的假设1.If it were fine tomorrow,we would go for an outing.2.If I

3、 should do it,I would do it in a different way.注:在书面英语中,如果条件句中的谓语动词含有系动词were 或助动词had,should,有时可将连词if 省略,而把were,had或should移到主语之前.如以上几例可变成:用法举例Were I you(=If I were you),I should go to see the doctor at once.Had you come here yesterday(=If you had come here yesterday),you would have seen him.Should I

4、do it(=If I should do it),I would do it in an different way.1.2虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 句型:It is important/necessary/natural/vital/strange/advisable+that+主语+(should)+动词原形 例如:It is strange that she(should)do so.It is necessary that the problem (should)be solved immediately.1.3虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 1)用于动词wish 后的that 从句中

5、:这类虚拟语气主要表示愿望,that常省略.如果指现在或将来的愿望,从句用过去时;如果指过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望,从句用过去完成时.例如:1.3虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 I wish I knew French.I wished that I had bought that skirt in Shanghai.注:a.动词wish 如果是过去式,后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气形式不变,仍然用过去式或过去完成式.有时在宾语从句中可用would(might)+动词原形,表示有可能实现的愿望.例如:I wish he would come1.3虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 2.用于suggest 等

6、动词后的that从句中:句型:suggest demand insist +that+主语+(should)+动词原形 propose order advise 例如:They insisted that the work(should)be started at once.1.4虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的用法 用于order,suggestion,demand,request,proposal 等名词后面的同位语从句和表语从句中,从句的谓语动词应用should+动词原形,should可省略.1)用于同位语从句中:They received orders that they(shoul

7、d)start at once.2)用于表语从句中 Her proposal is that we(should)rest for half an hour.1.5虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法 1)用于as if/as though引导的状语从句中:如果表示与现在事实相反,用过去时;表示与过去事实相反,用过去完成时.They love the boy as if he were their own child.She speaks as if she had been there before.2)用于lest(惟恐)引导的状语从句,谓语多用(should)+动词原形.例如:They spoke

8、 in whispers lest they(should)be heard.1.6虚拟语气在 It is(high)time(that)句中的用法 表示“该是的时候了”,从句里的谓语动词用过去式.例如:Its time you went to bed.Its time we left.1.7虚拟语气在 would rather that 句中的用法 Would rather意为“宁愿”(wish),从句里的谓语动词用过去时表示现在和将来,用过去完成时表示过去.例如:I would rather that you stayed with me.I would rather that you h

9、adnt done it.1.8虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法 1)由介词短语引起虚拟语气.Without electricity,there would not be modern industry.But for your timely help,we could not have caught the thief.2)由表示转折的连词引起虚拟语气.I was too busy yesterday.Otherwise,I would have come to see you.You should have handed in your term paper last week,but you didnt.I didnt catch the bus,or I wouldnt have come late.1.9用于if only 感叹句中 If only 表示“但愿”“要是就好”,它的用法和I wish 基本相同.如与 would连用,则表示一时很难实现的愿望.If only he didnt write so carelessly!If only she had arrived in time.If only the rain would stop!