初中英语-人教八年级下册unit10语法(共35张)课件.pptx--（课件中不含音视频）

1、Unit 10Ive had this bike for three years.Section A Grammar Focus-4c12022-11-71.复习已学的现在完成时。2.现在完成时的“未完成”用法。3.掌握延续性动词与非延续性动词。4.一般过去式与现在完成时的用法比较。22022-11-7现在完成时：现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。动作或保存的状态。结构：结构：主语主语+have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词

2、一般疑问句一般疑问句：have/has?Yes,I have.No,I havent.Yes,she has.No,she hasnt.32022-11-7 现在完成时动词构成现在完成时动词构成:have/has+v 过去分词过去分词助动词助动词否定否定haventhasnt疑问疑问Have you?Has he?常与下列时间状语连用：常与下列时间状语连用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,several times42022-11-7用法例句have/has been to强调“去过”某地，人已经回来，后面可接表示次数的状语。I have been to

3、Shanghai twice.我去过上海两次。have/has gone to强调“去了”某地，现在不在说话的现场。My father has gone to Shanghai for a meeting.他（已经）去了上海。have/has been in表示某人“已经在某地住了一段时间”，现在仍在那里。The old man has been in the city for many years.那个老人已经在这个城市很多年了。52022-11-7already(已经已经):用于肯定句用于肯定句I have already posted the letter.yet(已经已经):用于否定句

4、用于否定句,疑问句疑问句 He hasnt done his homework yet.just(刚刚刚刚)They have just left.ever(曾经曾经)Have you ever been to Beijing?never(从不从不)I have never seen him.before(以前以前)Have you seen the film before?since(自从自从以来以来)Ive worked in the school since 1999.for(长达长达)Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past sever

5、al days/weeks/years(在过去的在过去的)recently(最近最近)I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前为止到目前为止)So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到目前为止到目前为止)62022-11-7How long have you had that bike over there?Ive had it for three years.How long has his son owned the train and railway set?Hes

6、owned it since his fourth birthday.Have you ever played football?Yes,I did when I was little,but I havent played for a while now.Grammar Focus72022-11-7表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。此时常与如如“for+for+时间段时间段”、“since+since+过去时间点过去时间点”、“since+since+过去过去时的从句时的从句”、“since+since+一段时间一段时间+ago”+ago”连用。谓语动词用延续性动

7、词，可以用how long提问。I havent seen her for many years I havent seen her for many years.很多年我都没有见过她了。很多年我都没有见过她了。Ivelivedheresince2008 Ivelivedheresince2008 自自从从20082008年以来我就住在这里。年以来我就住在这里。Ihaventseenherfortwoyears.Ihaventseenherfortwoyears.我两年没有看见她了。我两年没有看见她了。（1 1）现在完成时的）现在完成时的“未完成未完成”用法用法82022-11-7for与与s

8、ince都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：（1）for后须接后须接“时间段时间段”He has studied English for five years.他学英语他学英语5 5年了。年了。（2）since后须接后须接“时间点时间点”He has studied English since 1999.他从他从19991999年开始学英语。年开始学英语。（3）二者可以转换二者可以转换 for+一段时间一段时间=since+一段时间一段时间+ago He has been here for five weeks.=He has been here since f

9、ive weeks ago.他他到这儿已经有五个星期了到这儿已经有五个星期了。92022-11-7(4)since能引导时间状语从句能引导时间状语从句(主句现在完成时，从句一般过去时主句现在完成时，从句一般过去时)，而而for则不能。则不能。如：如：He has taught here since he came to China.自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。We have been friends since we met in school.我们从在学校见面起就成为了好朋友。我们从在学校见面起就成为了好朋友。（5）现在完成时常用句型：It is(has been

10、)+时间段时间段+since+时间状语或从句时间状语或从句It is four days since last Friday.从从上周五到现在已经四天了。上周五到现在已经四天了。It has been two years since Jim came to Beijing.吉姆来北京已经两年吉姆来北京已经两年了了。102022-11-7选择选择for或或since填空：填空：1.I have been here _five months ago.2.He has been a soldier _ about two months.3.Great changes have taken place

11、 _ you left.4.His grandpa has been dead _ ten years.5.I have studied English _ I was 12 years old.6.It is two years _ I became a teacher.sinceforsinceforsincesince112022-11-7（2 2）延）延续性动词与非延续性动词的定义续性动词与非延续性动词的定义1.延续性动词的定义：延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，表示经过、经历。2.非延续性动词的定义：被称之为终止性动词、瞬间动词，不能延续，表示行为的结果，这种动作发生后就立即结束。例如：

12、learn/work/stand/know/watch/sleep例如：open/close/die/finish/come/move/buy122022-11-7非延续性动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中不能与for或since引出的（或句子）连用。但在否定句中可以，因为一个非延续性动词一旦被否定即成为状态，而状态总是可以延续的。我很久没见到他了。I havent seen him for a long time.他有一段时间没来了。He hasnt come here for some time.132022-11-71.转换为转换为相应的延续性动词相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。，用于现在完

13、成时。borrow buy put on catch a cold get to know get to sleep have/has keptkeephavehave/has hadwearhave/has wornhave a cold have/has had a coldknowhave/has knownsleephave/has slept142022-11-7 2.转化为转化为“be+形容词形容词/副词副词/介词介词/名词名词”begin/start go out close open get to/arrive/reach die leave marry be on have/

14、has been on be out have/has been out be closedhave/has been closed be openhave/has been open be in/athave/has been in/at be deadhave/has been dead be awayhave/has been awaybe marriedhave/has been married152022-11-7finish/stop fall sleep join become make friends come/go be overhave/has been overbe as

15、leephave/has been asleepbe in/be a member ofhave/has been inhave/has been in a member of be friendshave/has beenbehave/has been friendsbe in/athave/has been in/at162022-11-7Fill in the blanks.1.His father _(die)in 1992.His father _(be dead)for many years.2.He _(leave)the army because of a leg wound.

16、He _(be away from)the army for seven years because of a leg wound.3.He _(come)to Beijing in 2003.He _(be in)Beijing since 2003.diedhas been deadlefthas been away fromcamehas been in172022-11-7一一般过去时般过去时表示过去某时发生的事、存在的状态或经表示过去某时发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只是陈述一件过去的事情，常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只是陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对不强调对“现在现

17、在”产生的影响。产生的影响。I borrowed the book last week.（我上周借了这本书）（我上周借了这本书）现在完成时现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。Jill has bought a new computer.(着重着重Jill现在有了一台新电脑现在有了一台新电脑)（3 3）一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较）一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较182022-11-7注意注意:现在完成时不能和现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状明确指出时间的状语语连

18、用，连用，但但可以和可以和不明确指出时间的状不明确指出时间的状语语连连用用；也也可以和可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状表示包括现在在内的时间状语语连连用。用。如如:yesterday,last,year,in 1976,two days ago,just now,when she came in 如如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately如：如：today,this morning,this week,this year192022-11-71.Jim is in Japan

19、.He arrived there three days ago._2.They are very hungry.Their last meal was ten hours ago._4a.Rewrite the sentences using for or since.Jim has been in Japan for three days.They are very hungry because they havent had their meal for ten hours.202022-11-73.I have a camera.I bought it in 2009._4.I kno

20、w Anna.I first met her three years ago._5.Linda is ill.She became ill on Monday._I have had a camera since 2009.I have known Anna for three years.Linda has been ill since Monday.212022-11-71.I _(never be)to the water park before.I want to _(go)next month before the weather gets too cold.2.They_(neve

21、r own)any pets,but they _(always want)to have a dog.3.We_(have)a piano since last November.We _(buy)it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.4b.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.have never beengohave never ownedalways wanthave hadbought222022-11-74.C

22、athy and Amy _(not be)back to their hometown for two years.They _(miss)their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.5.This museum _(be)here for over 20 years.It _(be)one of the oldest buildings in this small town.havent beenmisshas beenishometown(n.)家乡；故乡 【构词】home hometown(合成词)e.g.I lo

23、ve my hometown.Our hometown is getting more and more beautiful.232022-11-74c.Fill in the questions and ask two students.Then complete the chart.1.Do you have a(n)_?How long have you had it?2.Do you own a(n)_?How long have you owned it?ThingsHow longTonyfavorite book for two yearsbasketballsince he w

24、as 10 years oldstudent1student2242022-11-7.单项选择单项选择1.My best friend Tom is_honest boy.You can believe in him.A.an B.a C.the D./2.I_wait for you.It is too late and I must go home now.A.any more B.any longer C.no time D.no longerAD252022-11-73.Nick has done his homework_two hours.A.for B.sinceC.after

25、D.before4.Ill lend you my new book,but you can only_it for two days.A.borrow B.keep C.lend D.bring AB262022-11-7 5.She _ this book for nearly three weeks.A.has borrowed B.has lent C.has bought D.has kept 6.Ten years has passed _ the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002.A.when B.while

26、 C.before D.sinceDD272022-11-77.When _ you _ the new bike?I _ it for 2 days.A.did,have;bought B.did,buy;have had C.did,buy;have bought 282022-11-78.The TV program Voice of Youth is really great.I think so.It _ the hearts of lots of fans since it started.A.lose and touch B.won and touched C.has won a

27、nd touched D.has lost and hit9.My grandparents _ in that city since 2008.A.will live B.live C.have lived D.were living292022-11-71.Is that a new coat?No.I _ it for a long time.A.bought B.have bought C.have had2.The boy misses his parents very much So he does.They _ the hometown for nearly two years.

28、A.have left B.will leave C.have been away from 3.Its nice to see you again.We_each other since 2014 A.wont see B.havent see C.didnt seen 4._ you ever _ the history museum,Paul?No,I havent.A.Do;visit B.Did;visit C.Have;visitedCCBC302022-11-7for or since1.Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.2.Jill has be

29、en in Ireland _ three days.3.His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days.4.Mary is in her office.She has been there _ 7 oclock.5.India has been an independent country _1974.sinceforforsincesince312022-11-7（2019 2019 四川眉四川眉山）山）Your new watch is so nice!When did you buy it?In October.I it for two months.A.had B.bought C.have had D.have boughtC322022-11-7U9 S-（20192019淮安淮安）Where are the teachers now?In the meeting room.They _ the meeting for 10 minutes.A.have begun B.have been on C.have had D.have been heldC332022-11-7342022-11-71.整理笔记整理笔记2.课时练课时练121、122页页3.预习预习B1部分部分352022-11-7