高中英语-高中阅读理解主旨题解题技巧课件.pptx

1、高中英语1AB2 主旨题主旨题高考阅读理解主旨大意题的考查旨在考查高考阅读理解主旨大意题的考查旨在考查学生对学生对一篇文章一篇文章或或一个段落一个段落的的深层次理解深层次理解和把握其主旨大意的能力和把握其主旨大意的能力3题干常见的问句形式题干常见的问句形式1）主旨句设问类型）主旨句设问类型*Whatisthemainideaofthispassage？*Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout？*What can be learned from.?42）最佳标题选择类型）最佳标题选择类型*what can be the best title for the text?

2、3）作者主旨意图类型）作者主旨意图类型*What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?*Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus？*What is the authors attitude towards.5主旨句设问类型主旨句设问类型l某个段落或部分的目某个段落或部分的目的意图的意图主旨主旨推断：段落主旨、文章主推断：段落主旨、文章主旨旨段落或文章主题句，抓中心段落或文章主题句，抓中心句，由中心句推断主旨意图句，由中心句推断主旨意图主旨题的解题技巧找中心句位置：文章的主旨句多出现在文

3、首文首，和文尾文尾，有较少文章也出现在句中。6They are the sort of friends who are so close they trust each other with their lives.If one fails the other is there to catch him.They are Wellman,whose legs were permanently injured nine years ago in a rock-climbing accident.and Corbett,an experienced rock climber,Together,th

4、ey climbed up Half Dome,the famous 2,000-foot rock in the Yosemite National Park,the medium of through the most different routes.(路线)During the climb,Corbett took the lead,hit in the metal spikes（尖状物）that guided the ropes and climbed up.Then,after Wellman pulled himself up the rope,Corbett went down

5、 to remove the spikes and climbed up again.This process was repeated time and again,inch by inch,for 13 days.67.the main idea of the text is that_A.two beads are better than one B.friendship is precious in lifeC.the disabled should never give up D.a man can be destroyed but cannot be defeated中心句中心句7

6、最佳标题选择类型最佳标题选择类型选择最佳标题的解题技巧：命题作文法反推文章内容与标题是否相符假设给你的四个选项是四个作文题目，你会怎样写这篇文章？阅读题内容与你的哪篇作文思路最接近？注意：你所选择的标题要概括全文内容，而不是某一段的内容8Ireland has had a very difficult history.The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers fried to conquer(征服)Ireland.For hundreds of years,the Irish people fought again

7、st the English.Finally,in 1921.The British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland.The result is that today there are two“Irelands”.Northern Ireland.In the north,is part of the United Kingdom.The republic of Ireland,In the south,Is an independent country.In the 1840s the m

8、ain crop,potatoes was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of bunger.This,and a shortage(短缺)of work,forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA,the UK,Australia and Canada.As a result of these problems,the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.For m

9、any years,the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.Today,many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices.Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside,where things move at a quieter and slowe

10、r pace.The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly,Oscar Wilde,a famous Irish writer,once said that the Irish were“the greatest talkers since the Greeks”,Since independence,Ireland has revived(复兴)its own culture of music,language,literature and singing.Different are as have different st

11、yles of old Irish song which are sung without instruments.Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin,whistles,etc.71.what can be the best title for the text?A.life in Ireland B.A Very difficult historyC.Ireland,past and present D.the independence of Ireland9What doe

12、s the author think of.?What is the authors opinion on.?关键词判断法：表示情感的关键词判断法：表示情感的形容词、动词、名词形容词、动词、名词逻辑关系判断法：上下文中找到能够表明逻辑关系判断法：上下文中找到能够表明立场、立场、观点的逻辑关系观点的逻辑关系Whats the authors attitude towards.?支持、反对、赞成、赞扬、怀疑、支持、反对、赞成、赞扬、怀疑、批判、讽刺、乐观、悲观、失望、批判、讽刺、乐观、悲观、失望、厌恶厌恶作者主旨意图类型作者主旨意图类型10表示观点、态度的词语表示观点、态度的词语赞成、支持agre

13、e approve approval favourable support hopeful不赞成、反对disagree disapprove disapproval opposed be strongly against.中立、犹豫、怀疑 neutral hesitate hesitation skeptical doubt doubtful喜欢、满意、开心 fancy content satisfied satisfaction pleased厌恶、不满、愤怒 hate dislike antipathy antipathetic dissatisfied disappointed ange

14、r angry 11乐观、积极optimistic positive 悲观、消极pessimistic negative 赞扬、钦佩、尊重speak highly of admire admirable respect respectable同情、惋惜sympathy sympathetic be/feel sorry for.后悔、自责regret regretful regrettable guilty主观、客观subjective objective 批判、讽刺critical criticize irony ironic 12As the railroads and the highw

15、ays shaped the American West in the past centuries,a new electrical generating（发电）and transmission（输送）system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West,for better or worse.Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery,bu

16、t in the ways that they affect the surrounding community.The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.The 19th century saw land grants（政府拨地）offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads,leaving public land in betwe

17、en privately owned land.In much of the West,some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped,and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management.With the completion of the interstate highway system,many of the small towns,which sprang

18、up as railway stops and developed well,have lost their lifeblood and died.Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West.This is not an argument against building them.We need alternative energy badly,and to really take advantage of it we n

19、eed to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.So trade-offs will have to be made.Some scenic spots will be sacrificed.Some species（物种）will be forced to move,or will be carefully moved to special accommodations.Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.The last

20、ing effects of these trade-offs are another matter.The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region.There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good.But it is just as likely that they

21、 will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind,just like the railroads and the highways.The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines.So lets remember the e

22、ffects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.69What is the authors attitude towards building solar plants?ACautious BApproving CDoubtful DDisapproving 13主旨类题目解题方法总结：主旨类题目解题方法总结：小结提问文章或某段主旨，划分文章结构，中心句法提问文章或某段主旨，划分文章结构，中心句法给文章取标题，着眼全文，命题作文法给文章取标题，着眼全文，命题作文法揣测作者主旨意图，思考作者写作目的，态度揣测作者主旨意图，思考作者写作目的，态度1415