1、【New words and expressions】生词和短语】生词和短语 tired adj.厌烦的厌烦的 be/get tired of sth./doing sth.讨厌做某事讨厌做某事 real adj.真正的真正的(强调东西不是假的强调东西不是假的)true adj.真挚真挚,真诚真诚,符合标准符合标准(强调符合某强调符合某个标准个标准)real man 真人;真人;true man 男子汉,好汉男子汉,好汉 spring n.弹簧弹簧 spring n.春天;泉水春天;泉水 fountain n.人工喷泉人工喷泉 mattress n.床垫床垫 mat n.垫子垫子(如杯垫如杯垫
2、)cushion n.座垫座垫 gust n.一阵(阵)风一阵(阵)风 a gust of anger (一阵一阵)无名火无名火 breeze n.微风微风 gale n.大风,(突发的)一阵风(风力比大风,(突发的)一阵风(风力比gust强)强)wind n.风的总称风的总称 sweep(sweptswept,swept)n.扫刮扫刮 vt.扫,打扫扫,打扫 vt.(风)吹;刮(风)吹;刮She sweeps the floor/the room every morning.A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof.sweep sth.away 把把
3、刮走刮走 The newspaper has been swept away by the wind.blow v.刮刮 smash v.碰碎碰碎,摔碎摔碎 vt.&vi.打碎,摔碎,(使)碎裂打碎,摔碎,(使)碎裂 The cup smashed on the floor.smash sth.into pieces 把把摔成碎片摔成碎片 The bed was smashed to piece.crash v.受挤压而变碎受挤压而变碎 The egg is easy to crash.cut sth.into pieces 切碎切碎,剪碎剪碎 tear sth.into pieces 撕碎撕
4、碎 break v.打碎打碎 crack v.裂开不碎裂开不碎 vt.&vi.重击,殴打,猛砸重击,殴打,猛砸/撞撞 Why didnt you smash the man with your fist?A car smashed into the wall.courtyard n.院子院子 court n.院子,庭院;法庭院子,庭院;法庭 yard n.院子院子 backyard n.后院后院 glance v.扫视扫视 glance at 扫了一眼(有意识地看)扫了一眼(有意识地看)glare at 瞪着瞪着(生气的生气的)stare at 盯着盯着 gaze at 盯着盯着(无限神往无限
5、神往,羡慕地看羡慕地看)promptly adv.迅速地迅速地 promptlyat once,immediately 【课文讲解】【课文讲解】1、Tired of sleeping on the floor,a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.be tired of 对对感到厌倦,在这句话里省略了感到厌倦,在这句话里省略了现在分词现在分词being,用形容词短语直接做原因状语,其作,用形容词短语直接做原因状语,其作用相当于原因状语从句用相当于原因状语从句as he was tired of。I always
6、go to bed hungry.(用形容词直接做状语)(用形容词直接做状语)I went home.I am tired.=I went home tired I went home excited.save up 攒钱,储蓄攒钱,储蓄 I want to get married in one or two years,so Im trying to save(some money)up.2、For the first time in his life,he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.fo
7、r the first time in ones life 平生第一次平生第一次 I became the proud father of a baby.我自豪的成为一个孩子的父我自豪的成为一个孩子的父亲了亲了.3、Because the weather was very hot,he carried the bed on to the roof of his house.on to(onto)类似与类似与 in to(into),用于表示动作),用于表示动作方向而不用于表示静态的位置,不但有方向而不用于表示静态的位置,不但有“去去”的概念还的概念还有把它放到有把它放到“on”(上面)的概念。
8、(上面)的概念。onto/on to有时可有时可用用on代替,但表示位置的代替,但表示位置的on不可用不可用onto代替:代替:Lift sth.on to the cart.I put the pen onto/on the table.The pen is on the table.(不能用(不能用onto/on to)Mr.Thompson is jumped onto the stage.汤普森汤普森先生跳上了台上。先生跳上了台上。Mr.Thompson jumped on the stage.汤普森先汤普森先生在台上跳了跳。生在台上跳了跳。4、He slept very well f
9、or the first two nights,but on the third night,a storm blew up.for the first two nights 头两天晚上头两天晚上 I study hard for the first three days.for the last three nights 最后三天晚上最后三天晚上 blow up 风越刮越大风越刮越大(程度在加深程度在加深),(指暴风雨)出现并加剧;刮起(指暴风雨)出现并加剧;刮起 speak up 大声点大声点 Worried about my daughter,Lucy,she went to Londo
10、n to visit Lucy.5、A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below.gust表示表示“一阵强风,一阵狂风一阵强风,一阵狂风”,既可单独使用,也,既可单独使用,也可用可用a gust of wind形式:形式:A gust(of wind)blew my hat off.She set off even though the wind was blowing in gusts.虽然当时阵阵狂风吹着,她还是出发了。虽然当时阵阵狂风吹着,她还是出发了。off
11、=down/away from below 直接放在被修饰词之后作定语直接放在被修饰词之后作定语 crashing into the courtyard below是现在分词短语,是现在分词短语,作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。crash(不及物动词)直接用主动形式,(不及物动词)直接用主动形式,smash(及物动词)可用被动一个句子中不能出现两个(及物动词)可用被动一个句子中不能出现两个动词,如果出现了两个动词,要用动词,如果出现了两个动词,要用 and 或或 but 连接;连接;或者把其中一个作为非谓语动词或者把其中一个作为非谓语动词to do(表目的表目的),-ed(表被动表被动),-ing
12、(表主动表主动)。6、The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground.notuntil 表示表示“直到直到才才”,until 前面没有前面没有 not 时,时,与表示一段时间的与表示一段时间的“持续动词持续动词”连用;有连用;有 not时,常用时,常用表示某一时间点的动词(或瞬间动词)连用:表示某一时间点的动词(或瞬间动词)连用:Ill stay here until Monday.我要在这儿呆到星我要在这儿呆到星期一。期一。I wont leave until Monday.我要到星期一才离开。我要到星期一才
13、离开。7、Although the bed was smashed to pieces,the man was miraculously unhurt.although 尽管;尽管;though 虽然,意义差不多,以从句虽然,意义差不多,以从句出现出现 to pieces 粉碎地,成碎片地粉碎地,成碎片地 The cup was broken to pieces.8、Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him,the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into
14、 his house.glancing为现在分词,引导的短语相当于一个时间状语为现在分词,引导的短语相当于一个时间状语从句从句after he glanced at。动词的。动词的ing形式一定强调形式一定强调某一个名词之间的主动关系。某一个名词之间的主动关系。glance v.看一眼,扫视看一眼,扫视 Joe glanced through the newspaper while talking to me.乔一边和我聊天,一边浏览报纸。乔一边和我聊天,一边浏览报纸。bits=pieces lie(lay,lain)不及物动词,后面一定要加不及物动词,后面一定要加“around”,不能说成不
15、能说成“lay him”【Key structures】复合句的语序复合句的语序 复合句可用两种方法构成:一是用连词把从句与复合句可用两种方法构成:一是用连词把从句与主句连接起来;二是用分词结构或不定式。主句连接起来;二是用分词结构或不定式。1、用连词连接的复合句、用连词连接的复合句 在复合句中,从句可以是名词从句(即起名在复合句中,从句可以是名词从句(即起名词的作用)。在句子中,它可以作主语、宾语或词的作用)。在句子中,它可以作主语、宾语或be等系动词的表语,一般由等系动词的表语,一般由that引导,有时也引导,有时也用用what(疑问词引导的除外)(疑问词引导的除外)I know(that
16、)the meeting will be put off.从句可以是关系(或形容词)从句,关系代从句可以是关系(或形容词)从句,关系代词通常有词通常有who,whom,that,which和和whose。从句可以是状语(或副词)从句,时间状语连词有从句可以是状语(或副词)从句,时间状语连词有 when,after,before,as soon as,until,while,as,since等;地点状语从句连词有等;地点状语从句连词有where,everywhere,anywhere等;方式状语从句连词有等;方式状语从句连词有as或或短语短语in the way(that)等,方式状语从句在动词
17、等,方式状语从句在动词be,feel,seem,appear等后面也可以由连词等后面也可以由连词as if和和as though来引导;原因状语从句由来引导;原因状语从句由 because,as 等引导;等引导;条件状语从句可由条件状语从句可由 if 及其他连词引导;让步状语从句及其他连词引导;让步状语从句使句子具有对比的因素,它们一般由连词使句子具有对比的因素,它们一般由连词although,though,even though,even if等引导;目的状语从等引导;目的状语从句可由句可由so that,in order that等连词引导;结果状语等连词引导;结果状语从句描述结果,可由从
18、句描述结果,可由so+形容词形容词+that引导,也可由引导,也可由such(a)+(形容词)(形容词)+名词名词+that 来引导;比较来引导;比较状语从句结构包括状语从句结构包括as+形容词形容词/副词副词+as,not so/as as,形容词,形容词/副词的比较级副词的比较级+than,morethan,lessthan等等 He has been ill since he came back from his holidays.With a special train ticket,you can travel anywhere/everywhere you like in Euro
19、pe for just over$100.Type this again as/in the way(that)I showed you just now.As you cant go yourself,youll have to ask Susan go for you.既然你自己不能去,那你就请苏珊替你去吧。既然你自己不能去,那你就请苏珊替你去吧。2、分词结构的复合句、分词结构的复合句 用现在分词结构可以代替时间从句、原因从用现在分词结构可以代替时间从句、原因从句、关系从句等,现在分词结构的这种用法仅限句、关系从句等,现在分词结构的这种用法仅限于两个动作的主语一致的时候。用它代替时间从于两
20、个动作的主语一致的时候。用它代替时间从句时,分词结构表示的动作如果发生在前,则分句时,分词结构表示的动作如果发生在前,则分词结构要位于主语前;如果两个动作同时发生,词结构要位于主语前;如果两个动作同时发生,那么分词结构既可以位于主句前,也可以位于主那么分词结构既可以位于主句前,也可以位于主句后。分词结构位于主句前面时,要用逗号隔开。句后。分词结构位于主句前面时,要用逗号隔开。I got very angry speaking to them.Feeling tired,I went to bed earlier than usual.Following his mom,he went ther
21、e.(主动概念主动概念,跟着他母亲去了那儿跟着他母亲去了那儿)过去分词结构常用于比较正式的文体,往往过去分词结构常用于比较正式的文体,往往代替被动语态代替被动语态 Damaged in an accident,the car has now been repaired.Followed by his mom,he went there.(被动被动概念概念,被他母亲带着跟着去了那儿被他母亲带着跟着去了那儿)3、不定式结构的复合句、不定式结构的复合句 这种结构通常可以代替表示目的或表示条件的状这种结构通常可以代替表示目的或表示条件的状语从句:语从句:To get into university y
22、ou have to pass a number of examinations.【Multiple choice questions】1_ the hot weather,he couldnt sleep indoors.a.Because b.Because of c.As d.For 2How _ did he sleep?a.good b.well c.good d.nice 3Where was the courtyard?a.Down.b.Under.c.Below.d.Bottom.4He looked at the bits of wood and metal _ around
23、 him.a.laying b.laid c.lying d.lied 【Mutiple choice questions】5 A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof.The wind blew very _.a.hard b.fast c.quickly d.soon 6 The bed crashed into the courtyard.It _ the courtyard.a.smashed b.knocked c.struck d.exploded 7 He glanced at the bits of wood and metal.He _ the bits of wood and metal.a.looked quickly at b.had a glimpse of c.stared at d.watched
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