1、1.unlike prep.与与不同;不像不同;不像;eg.Unlike her younger brother,she is very diligent.和她弟弟不同的是,她很刻苦。拓展:(1)unlikely adj.不大可能的;未必会发生的;Its unlikely that 的可能性不大的可能性不大(2)likely adj.可能的 adv.很可能 Its likely that 可能(3)sb./sth.be likely to do sth.有可能做某事有可能做某事eg.这位影星可能来The movie star _ _ _ _.is likely to come 2.harmfu
2、l adj.有害的有害的;造成伤害的;造成伤害的;Many people are aware of the harmful effects of smoking.很多人都意识到了吸烟的危害。很多人都意识到了吸烟的危害。【联想拓展联想拓展】(1)be harmful to 对对有害有害 (2)harm n.&v.损害,伤害损害,伤害 do harm to sb.=do sb.harm=harm sb.对某人有害;对某人有害;(3)There is no harm in doing sth.做某事没有害处做某事没有害处eg.在学习上取得进步没有任何害处。在学习上取得进步没有任何害处。There i
3、s no harm in making progress on study.(4)无害的;不致伤的;无害的;不致伤的;harmless【即学即练即学即练】吸烟有害健康。吸烟有害健康。Smoking _ _ _ your health.is harmful todoes harm to3.exist vi.存在;生存存在;生存(无被动无被动,无进行无进行)Man cannot exist without air.(1)exist on 靠靠生活、生存生活、生存eg.他们靠微薄的收入生存他们靠微薄的收入生存是不可能的。是不可能的。Its impossible for them to exist o
4、n a small income.(2)there exists/esisted 某地有某地有eg.在我们公司门口有两个巨大的石狮子。在我们公司门口有两个巨大的石狮子。There exists 2 huge stone lions at our company gate.拓展:拓展:(3)existence n.存在;生活存在;生活;come into existence 产生;成立;开始存在;产生;成立;开始存在;eg.Do you know when the English wordtuhao_ _ _come into existence4.puzzle vt.&vi.(使使)迷惑;迷惑
5、;(使使)为难为难 n.谜;难题谜;难题 Her reply puzzled me.她的回答把我弄糊涂了。(2)puzzle about/over.对对感到迷惑;苦苦思索;感到迷惑;苦苦思索;她几个星期也琢磨不透他那封奇怪的来信。她几个星期也琢磨不透他那封奇怪的来信。Shes been _ _ his strange letter for weeks.eg.Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.他们为什么要做此事我仍莫名其妙。他们为什么要做此事我仍莫名其妙。(3)be a puzzle to sb对某人来说是个谜对某人来说是个谜【联
6、想拓展联想拓展】(4)puzzled adj.迷惑不解的;困惑的迷惑不解的;困惑的 be puzzled about 对对迷惑不解迷惑不解 puzzling adj.令人费解的令人费解的【即学即练】【即学即练】She felt _ about her future.A.puzzle B.puzzling C.puzzled D.puzzles(1)puzzle sb.使某人困惑使某人困惑puzzling overC 5in time 及时;终于;迟早及时;终于;迟早 归纳拓展:on time at the same timeat timesat one timeat a timeat no t
7、imefrom time to timeahead of time take ones timein no timeall the time准时同时有时;偶尔;有时;偶尔;一度;曾经有一个时期;一度;曾经有一个时期;一次;每次一次;每次绝不;在任何时候都不(绝不;在任何时候都不(放句首,句子用半倒装放句首,句子用半倒装)不时地,间或;不时地,间或;提前;提早提前;提早别着急;慢慢来别着急;慢慢来立刻,马上立刻,马上(at once/immediately)一直;始终一直;始终 Will we be in time for the six oclock train?我们来得及赶上六点钟的那趟火车
8、吗?我们来得及赶上六点钟的那趟火车吗?If you keep on working hard,youll succeed in time.如果你坚持努力工作,你迟早会成功的。如果你坚持努力工作,你迟早会成功的。The boss ordered us to finish our task ahead of time.老板命令我们提前完成任务。Take your time packing,for we still have one and a half hour.慢慢整理行李,因为我们还有一个半小时。我们决不能向敌人屈服。At no time can we give in to the enerm
9、y.6.in ones turn 轮到某人;轮到某人;eg.In my turn,I told them a joke.常用结构:常用结构:(1)in turn依次;轮流;转而;反过来;依次;轮流;转而;反过来;(2)take turns(to do sth./doing sth.)轮流(做某事)轮流(做某事)(3)Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事轮到某人做某事【即学即练】【即学即练】1.让我们轮流来做这项实验。让我们轮流来做这项实验。Lets do this experiment _ _.2.你的态度影响别人,它又将会反过来影响你。你的态度影响别人,它又将会反过
10、来影响你。Your attitude affects others which _ _ affects you.3.今天该我洗盘子洗碗了。今天该我洗盘子洗碗了。Its my turn _ _ _ today.in turnin turnto wash up7.prevent.from 阻止;制止阻止;制止eg.His back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrows game.他背部的伤可能使他参加不了明天的比赛。他背部的伤可能使他参加不了明天的比赛。用法点拨:用法点拨:prevent.(from)=stop.(from)=keep.f
11、rom 阻止阻止做做eg.应该派一些警察去阻止他们砍树。应该派一些警察去阻止他们砍树。Some policeman should be sent to _ them_ the trees.stop cuting downprevent cuting downkeep from cuting down1.crash1)vt./vi.碰撞,坠落碰撞,坠落 crash into.冲入,撞入冲入,撞入2)n.相撞(事故),飞机的(坠落),坠落声相撞(事故),飞机的(坠落),坠落声 a plane/car crash 飞机失事飞机失事/汽车相撞事故汽车相撞事故 with a crash 随着撞击声随着撞
12、击声eg:The motorcycle_ the fence.eg:An airliner_west of Dever last night.eg:The glass fell to the floor_.crashed intocrashedwith a crash2.pull vt.拉,拖拉,拖 n.拉力,牵引力拉力,牵引力 pull 拉,拖拉,拖 push 推推相关短语:相关短语:pull down 拆毁(建筑物)拆毁(建筑物)pull away 开始驶离,开走开始驶离,开走 pull in 火车进站,驶向路边停靠火车进站,驶向路边停靠 pull on 匆忙穿上(衣服)匆忙穿上(衣服)p
13、ull of 脱掉脱掉 pull through 度过危机,恢复健康度过危机,恢复健康 3.cheer v.为为.欢呼,喝彩,鼓舞欢呼,喝彩,鼓舞 cheer up 感到高兴,感到振奋感到高兴,感到振奋 cheer sb.on 为某人加油,喝彩为某人加油,喝彩 cheer the victory 为胜利欢呼为胜利欢呼 Cheers!干杯干杯 cheerful adj.快乐的,高兴的快乐的,高兴的eg1:我写那首歌只是为了让自己高兴。我写那首歌只是为了让自己高兴。I write this song just to cheer myself.eg2:If Andrew sees these gre
14、at reviews,hell_.eg3:The gril_the runners_.cheer upcheeredon4.break out(战争,火灾,疾病,争吵)突然发生,战争,火灾,疾病,争吵)突然发生,爆发爆发相关短语:相关短语:break away(from)摆脱,脱离)摆脱,脱离 break down 机器故障,身体垮掉,汽车抛锚,机器故障,身体垮掉,汽车抛锚,谈判失败谈判失败 break in 闯入,打断闯入,打断 break into 破门而入,非法闯入破门而入,非法闯入 break ones word/promise 食言,失言食言,失言eg1:A fire_in his
15、house last night.eg2:When the war _,the old man wasstill living in Libya.eg3:The gril_to say the guests had arrived.eg3:Their car_.(他们的车出故障了他们的车出故障了)break outbreak outbreak inbreak down5.watch out 密切注视,当心,提防密切注视,当心,提防 相关短语:相关短语:watch over 照看,看守照看,看守 keep a watch 守望,注视守望,注视“当心,注意当心,注意”watch out look
16、out take care be careful (注:(注:watch out和和look out后必须加后必须加“for”才才能跟宾语!)能跟宾语!)eg:The American government warned itscitizens_ for terrorists.watch out【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空She felt _ about her future.A.puzzle B.puzzling C.puzzled D.puzzles解析解析:选选C。句意为:她对她的将来感到迷惑。句意为:她对她的将来感到迷惑。puzzled(人)迷惑(人)迷惑的,迷惘的;的,迷
17、惘的;puzzling(物)令人迷惑的。(物)令人迷惑的。5.pull n.&vt.拉拉(力);拖;牵引力力);拖;牵引力You push and Ill pull.你来推,我来拉。你来推,我来拉。I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round.我觉得有人扯我的袖子,便转过身来。我觉得有人扯我的袖子,便转过身来。反义词反义词:push【速记名片速记名片】常用结构:常用结构:pull(sb.)back(使某人)退却;撤回(某人)(使某人)退却;撤回(某人)pull sb.down(指疾病)使某人虚弱(指疾病)使某人虚弱pull sth.down毁坏毁坏,拆
18、毁(如旧建筑物)拆毁(如旧建筑物)pull together:齐心协力齐心协力单项填空单项填空1.So long as we _,theres no mountain top we cant conquer.A.pull out B.pull in C.pull together D.pull back解析:选解析:选C。考查。考查pull短语的辨析。句意为:只要我们团结起来,短语的辨析。句意为:只要我们团结起来,就没有我们征服不了的山峰。由句意可知,选就没有我们征服不了的山峰。由句意可知,选C。6.cheer vt.&vi.(使使)高兴、振奋;高兴、振奋;(对对)欢呼欢呼【联想拓展联想拓展】
19、cheerful adj.高兴的高兴的cheerless adj.不高兴的不高兴的 He was greatly cheered by the news.他听到这个消息非常高兴。他听到这个消息非常高兴。The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared.女王出现时群众高声欢呼。女王出现时群众高声欢呼。常用结构常用结构:cheer sb.on为某人加油为某人加油cheer(sb.)up(使某人)更高兴或更快活(使某人)更高兴或更快活cheer for为为欢呼,喝彩;给欢呼,喝彩;给加油加油【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子赛跑进入最后一圈时,观众为
20、运动员加油鼓劲。赛跑进入最后一圈时,观众为运动员加油鼓劲。The crowd _ _ _ _ as they started the last lap.想到再次见到她,他就高兴起来。想到再次见到她,他就高兴起来。He _ _ at the thought of seeing her again.咱们去看足球比赛,为我们的校队呐喊助威。咱们去看足球比赛,为我们的校队呐喊助威。Lets go to the football game and _ _ our school team.答案:答案:cheered the runners on cheered up cheer for【即学即练】【即学即
21、练】完成句子完成句子1.让我们轮流来做这项实验。让我们轮流来做这项实验。Lets do this experiment _ _.2.你的态度影响别人,它又将会反过来影响你。你的态度影响别人,它又将会反过来影响你。Your attitude affects others which _ _ affects you.3.今天该我洗盘子洗碗了。今天该我洗盘子洗碗了。Its my turn _ _ _ today.答案:答案:1.in turn 2.in turn 3.to wash up单项填空单项填空He gets cheerful and depressed _.A.by turns B.tak
22、e turns C.in turn D.in his turn解析解析:选选A。考查短语的辨析。此句的句意为:他的情绪高一阵低一。考查短语的辨析。此句的句意为:他的情绪高一阵低一阵。故选阵。故选A。8.prevent.from 阻止;制止阻止;制止eg.His back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrows game.他背部的伤可能使他参加不了明天的比赛。他背部的伤可能使他参加不了明天的比赛。用法点拨:用法点拨:prevent.(from)=stop.(from)=keep.from 阻止阻止做做eg.应该派一些警察去阻止他们砍树。应
23、该派一些警察去阻止他们砍树。Some policeman should be sent to _ them_ the trees.stop cuting downprevent cuting downkeep from cuting down单项填空单项填空1.Some policeman should be sent to _ them _ the trees.A.prevent;to cut downB.stop;cutting downC.keep;to cut downD.keep;cutting down B9.break out(灾难、战争等灾难、战争等)突发;爆发突发;爆发Tro
24、uble may break out at any moment.灾难在任何时候都可能突然发生。灾难在任何时候都可能突然发生。When did the war break out?战争是什么时候爆发的?战争是什么时候爆发的?温馨提示:温馨提示:break out指战争、火灾等的爆发或疾病的突发,无被动指战争、火灾等的爆发或疾病的突发,无被动语态。语态。常用结构:常用结构:break down 出故障;(计划、谈判等)失败;(身体、精神出故障;(计划、谈判等)失败;(身体、精神等)垮掉等)垮掉break in 闯入;插话闯入;插话break into 强行进入;突然强行进入;突然起来起来brea
25、k off 折断;突然中止;断绝;结束折断;突然中止;断绝;结束break through 突破,强行穿过突破,强行穿过break up 解散;打碎;(学校)期终放假解散;打碎;(学校)期终放假【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子他一句话只说了一半就停住了。他一句话只说了一半就停住了。He _ _ in the middle of a sentence.你们什么时候放圣诞节假你们什么时候放圣诞节假?When do you _ _ for Christmas?双方谈判已经破裂。双方谈判已经破裂。Negotiations between the two sides have _ _.上星期有人
26、闯入他的房屋。上星期有人闯入他的房屋。His house was _ _ last week.答案:答案:broke off break up broken downbroken into He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead,because the air-conditioning system _.(2012陕西)A.broke in B.broke up C.broke out D.broke down 10.watch out(for)注意;当心注意;当心watch it 当心当心,小
27、心小心watch over 照看;看守照看;看守keep a close watch/eye on 密切注视密切注视即学即练即学即练(1)_ _!There is a car coming!当心!有车来了!当心!有车来了!(2)_ _ _ cars while crossing the road.过马路时要当心车辆过马路时要当心车辆。Watch out;Watch out for11.now that“既然,由于既然,由于”,连,连词短语,用来引导原因状语从句,词短语,用来引导原因状语从句,口语中口语中that常可省略。常可省略。Now that(since)the kids have lef
28、t home,weve got a lot of extra space.既然孩子们都离开家了,我们住着就宽敞了。单项填空单项填空1.It was reported that a plane crash happened last night and most of the passengers were badly _ and some 10 died.A.damaged B.injured C.destroyed D.harmed解析:选解析:选B。考查同义词的辨析。考查同义词的辨析。injure强调在意外事故中强调在意外事故中“受受伤伤”。2.The boiler from excess
29、ive pressure of steam _.A.exploded B.burst C.explode D.erupt 解析:选解析:选A。考查同义词的辨析。考查同义词的辨析。explode强调强调(火药、炸药或蒸气火药、炸药或蒸气压力过高的锅炉压力过高的锅炉)爆炸,炸裂,突然破裂。由句意爆炸,炸裂,突然破裂。由句意“蒸气压力过高蒸气压力过高的锅炉突然破裂了的锅炉突然破裂了”用一般过去时最合适,因此答案选用一般过去时最合适,因此答案选A。3.He exists _ bread and water.A.on B.in C.by D.with解析:选解析:选A。考查短语搭配。考查短语搭配。exi
30、st on靠靠活下去活下去(或生存或生存);exist in在在中存在中存在(或生存或生存);exist by在在(某种思想、品质等某种思想、品质等)中找到生活的中找到生活的力量力量;exist with与与共存。由句意共存。由句意“他靠面包和水度日他靠面包和水度日”可知答可知答案。案。4.The villagers were often in _ clashes with each other in those years before the agreement was reached.A.interesting B.peaceful C.violent D.spiritual解析:选解析
31、:选C。句意为:村民们在协议达成之前彼此之间经常发生暴。句意为:村民们在协议达成之前彼此之间经常发生暴力冲突。所谓的冲突不应是力冲突。所谓的冲突不应是“有趣的有趣的”,也不会是,也不会是“平安的平安的”“”“和和平的平的”,既然是彼此之间发生的事情,既然是彼此之间发生的事情,“精神冲突精神冲突”亦不合适,只亦不合适,只有有“暴力的冲突暴力的冲突”才符合句意,故选才符合句意,故选C。5.Freezing winter is harmful _ orange trees.A.for B.to C.of D.at解析:选解析:选B。考查固定短语。句意为:寒冬对橘子树有害。考查固定短语。句意为:寒冬对
32、橘子树有害。be harmful to.对对有害。有害。6.She started as an office junior,and _ became the director the whole company.A.in surprise B.in return C.in turn D.in time 解析:选解析:选D。考查短语的区别。考查短语的区别。in surprise 吃惊地;吃惊地;in return作为作为回报;回报;in turn轮流,依次;轮流,依次;in time终于,一段时间后。由句意终于,一段时间后。由句意“她她起初只是一名办公室职员,最终成了整个公司的董事。起初只是一名
33、办公室职员,最终成了整个公司的董事。”可知应选可知应选D。7.Everything went well according _ plan.A.to B.with C.for D.as解析:选解析:选A。句意为:一切依计划进展顺利。句意为:一切依计划进展顺利。according to为固定短为固定短语,意为语,意为“根据,按照根据,按照”。8.The boy lying under the tree lied to his friends that his cock _ eggs.A.lied B.laid C.lay D.lain解析:选解析:选B。考查。考查lie(lied,lied)说谎;
34、说谎;lie(lay,lain)躺,平卧和躺,平卧和lay(laid,laid)放置;下蛋等几个词的区别。句意为:躺在树下的那放置;下蛋等几个词的区别。句意为:躺在树下的那个男孩向他的朋友撒谎说他的公鸡下蛋了。个男孩向他的朋友撒谎说他的公鸡下蛋了。9.There is no harm _.A.on try B.in try C.in trying D.to trying 解析:选解析:选C。句意为:不妨试试看。句意为:不妨试试看。There is no harm in doing sth.为固定句型,意为为固定句型,意为“不妨做某事不妨做某事”。10._ you do it,youd bett
35、er do it well.A.Now that B.After C.Although D.As soon as解析:选解析:选A。now that既然,用于引导原因状语从句。句意为:既既然,用于引导原因状语从句。句意为:既然你做了,你最好把它做好。然你做了,你最好把它做好。11.His health _ because of working too hard.A.has gotten downB.has put down C.has broken downD.has gone down解析:选解析:选C。考查短语的区别。考查短语的区别。get down 写下来,记下;吃下去。写下来,记下;吃
36、下去。put down 写下来,记下来;写下来,记下来;break down指在健康或精神等方面指在健康或精神等方面(使使)垮掉,垮下来;垮掉,垮下来;(健康等健康等)变得衰弱,衰弱下来,变得衰弱,衰弱下来,(由于过度忧愁或工由于过度忧愁或工作而作而)精神不支;精神不支;(体力、精神体力、精神)支持不住。支持不住。go down下降下降(沉没沉没,屈服屈服,被记下被记下)。句意为:他因工作过度劳累,身体垮下来了。因此选。句意为:他因工作过度劳累,身体垮下来了。因此选C项。项。12.Dont get _ the burning building,or youll get hurt.A.next
37、to B.known to C.close to D.familiar to解析:选解析:选C。考查短语的区别。句意为:不要靠近起火的大楼,否。考查短语的区别。句意为:不要靠近起火的大楼,否则你会受伤的。则你会受伤的。get close to接近;接近;next to在一旁;在一旁;get familiar to 熟熟悉悉。13.That hotel is always full because it offers a friendly _ and personal service.A.surfaceB.atmosphere C.systemD.appearance解析:选解析:选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意为。考查名词词义辨析。句意为:这家旅馆总是住满客人这家旅馆总是住满客人,因因为它提供一种友好的氛围和个性化的服务。为它提供一种友好的氛围和个性化的服务。surface表面;水面;表面;水面;atmosphere气氛;大气气氛;大气;system系统系统,体系体系;appearance外表外表;出现出现,露面。露面。
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