1、第七周第七周 推断写作目的推断写作目的 (对应话题:节假日活动对应话题:节假日活动)作者写文章的意图,或是向读者传递某个信作者写文章的意图,或是向读者传递某个信息,或是愉悦读者,或是讲授某个道理。这类题息,或是愉悦读者,或是讲授某个道理。这类题的提问方式有:的提问方式有:What is the purpose of this text?(2020年新高考全年新高考全国国卷卷)What does the text suggest people do about?(2018年全国年全国卷卷)What is the authors purpose in writing the text?(2017年
2、全国年全国卷卷)What does the author want to tell us?(2013年全年全国课标国课标卷卷)写作意图与文体类型密切相关,因此,解答写作意图与文体类型密切相关,因此,解答这类题可用文体推断法:这类题可用文体推断法:议论文议论文说服读者接受或赞同某一观点,说服读者接受或赞同某一观点,倡导某种做法等。倡导某种做法等。说明文说明文介绍某一事物或说明某种现象。介绍某一事物或说明某种现象。记叙文记叙文分享一段有趣的经历或故事,使分享一段有趣的经历或故事,使读者获得乐趣;若是夹叙夹议的文章,则是表达读者获得乐趣;若是夹叙夹议的文章,则是表达作者的观点、感悟或启示,重点关注首
3、尾段中的作者的观点、感悟或启示,重点关注首尾段中的“议议”。广告广告推销一种产品或服务,其目的是吸推销一种产品或服务,其目的是吸引更多顾客、游客、读者、订户、观众等。引更多顾客、游客、读者、订户、观众等。典型例题典型例题(2020年新高考全国年新高考全国卷卷11)In the mid-1990s,Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven months,physically broken and having lost his mind.A few years later,still a
4、ttracted to the country,he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.His visit,however,ended up involving a lot more than that.Hence this book,Chasing the Sea:Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia,which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karak
5、alpakstan,where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land,and of the people he meets on his way:Rustam,his translator,a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California,Oleg and Natasha,his ho
6、sts in Tashkent,and a string of foreign aid workers.This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan,made of friendliness and warmth,but also its darker side of society Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references,making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan,seen fro
7、m Western eyes.His judgment and references are decidedly American,as well as his delicate stomach.As the author explains,this is neither a travel nor a history book,or even a piece of reportage.Whatever it is,the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.点拨:点拨:
8、本文是说明文,即介绍某一事物或说明某本文是说明文,即介绍某一事物或说明某种现象。通读全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了汤种现象。通读全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了汤姆姆比斯尔写的书,包括这本书的写作背景、主要比斯尔写的书,包括这本书的写作背景、主要内容、特点及对书目的评价等。由此可知,本文内容、特点及对书目的评价等。由此可知,本文的写作目的是介绍一本书,故选的写作目的是介绍一本书,故选A项。项。What is the purpose of this text?A.To introduce a book.B.To explain a cultural phenomenon.C.To remember a
9、 writer.D.To recommend a travel destination.星期一星期一考纲词汇复记强化考纲词汇复记强化 _ adj.有遮蔽物的有遮蔽物的 _ adj.内行的,熟练的内行的,熟练的 _ adj.以苹果为主题的以苹果为主题的 _(=make use of)利用利用shelteredexpertapple-themedtake advantage of _(=in fact)事实上事实上 _ 流行起来,受欢迎流行起来,受欢迎 _(=many kinds of)多种多样的多种多样的 _ 令人大开眼界的事物令人大开眼界的事物 _ 食用品质,营养价值食用品质,营养价值 _ 给
10、某人提供某事物给某人提供某事物in practicecatch ona wide variety ofquite an eye-openereating qualitycater for sb with sthA.Attend experts lectures.B.Visit fruit-loving families.C.Plant fruit trees in an orchard.D.Taste many kinds of apples.1.What can people do at the apple events?D 细节理解题细节理解题。由第二段中的由第二段中的“Visiting
11、an apple event is a good chance to see,and often taste,a wide variety of apples”可知,参加苹果节可以看到并经可知,参加苹果节可以看到并经常尝到各种各样的苹果。选项常尝到各种各样的苹果。选项D中的中的many kinds of与文中的与文中的a wide variety of是同义转换。是同义转换。A.It is a new variety.B.It has a strange look.C.It is rarely seen now.D.It has a special taste.2.What can we le
12、arn about Decio?C 推理判断题推理判断题。由第二段中的由第二段中的it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence such as Decio which was grown by the Romans(见到现在依然存在的系列古典见到现在依然存在的系列古典苹果,如罗马人种植的苹果,如罗马人种植的Decio,可以说是大开眼,可以说是大开眼界界)可知,由此判断可知,由此判断Decio非常稀少。非常稀少。A.A practical idea.B.A vain ho
13、pe.C.A brilliant plan.D.A selfish desire.3.What does the underlined phrase“a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3 mean?B 词义理解题词义理解题。由画线词所在句由画线词所在句but youll need a warm,sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it,so its a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it可知可知“需要温暧不当风的地方,且具有完美土质,需要温暧不当风的地方,且具有完美土
14、质,才可以种植它,因此,对相信可以种植它的大多数才可以种植它,因此,对相信可以种植它的大多数苹果爱好者都希望落空苹果爱好者都希望落空”,由因,由因(种植条件苛刻种植条件苛刻)推推果果(想种种不了想种种不了),故选,故选B。A.To show how to grow apples.B.To introduce an apple festival.C.To help people select apples.D.To promote apple research.4.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?B 作者意图题作者意图题。由第一段第
15、一句由第一段第一句If you are a fruit groweror would like to become onetake advantage of Apple Day to see whats around和最后和最后一段第一句一段第一句Apple Days are being held可知,作者可知,作者在介绍苹果节,故选在介绍苹果节,故选B。星期二星期二考纲词汇复记强化考纲词汇复记强化 _ n.灯笼;提灯灯笼;提灯 _ n.雄心;野心雄心;野心 _ n.热情;热忱热情;热忱 _ n.普及,受欢迎普及,受欢迎 _ 大量;大批大量;大批 _ 因为;由于因为;由于 _ 放烟花放烟花 _
16、 被用被用装饰装饰lanternambitionenthusiasmpopularitypiles ofdue tolet off fireworksbe decorated withA.introduce the history of Lunar New YearB.present the popularity of Chinese New YearC.stress the importance of the Spring FestivalD.show how other countries celebrate the Spring Festival 1.The scene in a sup
17、ermarket shown in the first paragraph is to _.B 推理判断题推理判断题。第一段介绍了春节到来之际,缅第一段介绍了春节到来之际,缅甸一家小超市里的场景,最后一句点出本段主题即甸一家小超市里的场景,最后一句点出本段主题即春节逐渐成为一个全球性的节日。所以用超市里热春节逐渐成为一个全球性的节日。所以用超市里热闹的场景与稀少的汉族人口相对比,就是为了突出闹的场景与稀少的汉族人口相对比,就是为了突出中国新年被庆祝的广泛程度。故选中国新年被庆祝的广泛程度。故选B。A.Dragon and lion dances.B.Dressing up as animals
18、 and dancing.C.Playing cards and letting off fireworks.D.Eating dumplings and singing and dancing.2.What are the best-known celebration activities for the Lunar New Year in Chinatowns?A 细节理解题细节理解题。由第二段第二句由第二段第二句“But dragon and lion dances in Chinatowns over the world have helped make Chinas the most
19、 famous.”可知可知,唐唐人街最有名的庆祝农历新年的活动是舞龙和舞狮。人街最有名的庆祝农历新年的活动是舞龙和舞狮。故选故选A。A.To reflect on their own cultures.B.To show respect to the Chinese traditions.C.To promote the values of Chinese customs.D.To attract Chinese to spend the holiday there.3.What is the main reason for some countries to celebrate the Sp
20、ring Festival?D 推理判断题推理判断题。由第三段最后一句由第三段最后一句“festivities in other countries are partly aimed at the 6 million Chinese who are expected to spend their week long holiday abroad this year.”可知,其他国家的节日可知,其他国家的节日活动部分是针对预计今年将在海外度过一周长假的活动部分是针对预计今年将在海外度过一周长假的600万中国人。因此一些国家庆祝中国春节是针对万中国人。因此一些国家庆祝中国春节是针对那些打算去国外度
21、假的中国人。故选那些打算去国外度假的中国人。故选D。A.Foreigners Love of Chinas FestivalsB.Welcoming Chinas Cultural“Soft Power”C.Chinas Biggest Festival Is Going GlobalD.Celebrating Chinese Festivals Becomes a Trend4.Whats the best title for the text?C 主旨大意题主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了中国通读全文可知,本文介绍了中国春节日益成为一个全球性的节日,春节日益成为一个全球性的节日,C项最
22、能概括文项最能概括文意。故选意。故选C项。项。星期三星期三考纲词汇复记强化考纲词汇复记强化 _ n.立法者立法者 _ adj.国家的;全国的国家的;全国的 _ n.目标目标 _ adj.以前的以前的 _ adj.宗教的宗教的 _ adj.联邦的联邦的 _ n.宣告宣告lawmakernationalaimformerreligiousfederaldeclaration _ v.敦促;催促敦促;催促 _ v.团结团结 _ 属于属于 _ adj.合法的;法定的合法的;法定的 _ v.代表代表 _ 苏醒;恢复苏醒;恢复 _ 一个一个的象征的象征 _ 与与联系在一起联系在一起urgeunitebel
23、ong tolegalrepresentback to lifea symbol ofbe associated with In September 1789,the government of the United States was only a few months old.George Washington was 1 the nations first.Some of the early lawmakers came to the president with a 2 :Would he call for a national Thanksgiving?1.A.professorB
24、.president C.authorD.lawmaker2.A.requestB.suggestion C.experienceD.questionBD完形填空完形填空 One aim was to help 3 the young country,which 4 the 13 former colonies(殖民地殖民地).Calling a national Thanksgiving would be a way to bring Americans together.But other lawmakers strongly 5 the idea,who had two main 6 .
25、3.A.applyB.uniteC.warnD.betray4.A.consisted ofB.believed in C.approved ofD.joined in5.A.assistedB.opposed C.consideredD.abandoned6.A.concernsB.goalsC.chancesD.rolesBABA First,some saw Thanksgiving as a religious holiday.They 7 the president could not use the power of the federal government to urge A
26、mericans to 8 a religious tradition.Second,they believed the president did not have the 9 to call a national Thanksgiving.7.A.watchedB.noticed C.notedD.predicted8.A.inviteB.disturb C.preventD.follow 9.A.rightB.promise C.methodD.burdenCDAThat power 10 the leader of each state,they said.Later,Washingt
27、on did 11 call for a national Thanksgiving.It was the countrys 12 presidential declaration.Washington sent copies of his declaration to the leaders of the 13 states.10.A.adapted toB.appealed to C.belonged toD.contributed to11.A.frequentlyB.officially C.traditionallyD.normally12.A.lastB.bestC.firstD.
28、lateCBCHe asked them to call a national Thanksgiving on the day he had 13 .The president was very well 14 ,so the state leaders all agreed.Finally,in 1941,lawmakers in Congress(国会国会)made the fourth Thursday in November a 15 holiday.13.A.designedB.marked C.knownD.chosen14.A.respectedB.enthusiastic C.
29、experiencedD.educated15.A.reliableB.attractive C.legalD.commonDAC 本文讲述了美国首位总统本文讲述了美国首位总统George Washington主张设立国家的法定节日主张设立国家的法定节日感恩节的故事。感恩节的故事。1.B 选项:选项:professor教授;教授;president总统;总统;author作者;作者;lawmaker立法者。由下文立法者。由下文“Some of the early lawmakers came to the president”可知,可知,George Washington是是“总统总统(pre
30、sident)”。2.D 选项:选项:request请求;请求;suggestion建议;建议;experience经验;经验;question问题。由下一句问题。由下一句“Would he call for a national Thanksgiving?”可知,立法者可知,立法者带着一个带着一个“问题问题(question)”前来询问总统。前来询问总统。3.B 选项:选项:apply申请;申请;unite团结;团结;warn警告;警告;betray背叛。由后文背叛。由后文“Calling a national Thanksgiving would be a way to bring Ame
31、ricans together”可知,感恩节设立的目的之一是帮助可知,感恩节设立的目的之一是帮助“unite(团结团结)”这个年轻的国家。这个年轻的国家。4.A 选项:选项:consisted of由由组成;组成;believed in相相信;信;approved of赞成;赞成;joined in参加参加,加入。由后加入。由后文的文的“the 13 states”可知,美国当时是由可知,美国当时是由13个前个前殖民地组成的。殖民地组成的。5.B 选项:选项:assisted帮助帮助;opposed反对反对;considered考虑;考虑;abandoned抛弃。从本句的转折连词抛弃。从本句的
32、转折连词But可知,可知,另外的立法者强烈地另外的立法者强烈地“反对反对(opposed)”设立感恩节。设立感恩节。6.A 选项:选项:concerns担忧;担忧;goals目标;目标;chances机机会;会;roles角色。由下文列举的两个要点可知,持反角色。由下文列举的两个要点可知,持反对意见的立法者有两方面的对意见的立法者有两方面的“担忧担忧(concerns)”。7.C 选项:选项:watched观看;观看;noticed注意到;注意到;noted特别提到,指出;特别提到,指出;predicted预测。本句是立法者们预测。本句是立法者们的看法,他们的看法,他们“指出指出(noted)
33、”,总统不能利用联邦,总统不能利用联邦政府的权力。政府的权力。8.D 选项:选项:invite邀请;邀请;disturb打扰,扰乱;打扰,扰乱;prevent防止;防止;follow跟随,遵循。联系上下文可知,跟随,遵循。联系上下文可知,他们指出,总统不能利用联邦政府的权力来敦促美他们指出,总统不能利用联邦政府的权力来敦促美国人国人“遵循遵循(follow)”宗教传统。宗教传统。9.A 选项:选项:right权利;权利;promise承诺;承诺;method方方法;法;burden负担。这是反对者的观点,他们认为负担。这是反对者的观点,他们认为总统没有总统没有“权利权利(right)”设立全国
34、性的感恩节,这设立全国性的感恩节,这个权力应该个权力应该“属于属于(belonged to)”每个州的领导者。每个州的领导者。10.C 选项:选项:adapted to适应;适应;appealed to呼吁;呼吁;belonged to属于;属于;contributed to有助于,导致。同有助于,导致。同上题解析。上题解析。11.B 选项:选项:frequently频繁地;频繁地;officially官方地;官方地;traditionally传统地;传统地;normally通常。由后文通常。由后文George Washington把总统公告发给各个州的领导者可知,把总统公告发给各个州的领导者
35、可知,Washington“正式正式(officially)”要求设立全国性的要求设立全国性的感恩节。感恩节。12.C 选项:选项:last最后的;最后的;best最好的;最好的;first第一第一个的;个的;late迟到的。前文提到迟到的。前文提到George Washington是美国第一任总统,因此这是是美国第一任总统,因此这是“第一份第一份(first)”总总统公告。统公告。13.D 选项:选项:designed设计;设计;marked做记号;做记号;known知道,了解;知道,了解;chosen选择。选择。George Washington请求每个州的领导人在他请求每个州的领导人在他
36、“选择选择(chosen)”的日子设立全国性的感恩节。的日子设立全国性的感恩节。14.A 选项:选项:respected受尊敬的;受尊敬的;enthusiastic热情的;热情的;experienced有经验的;有经验的;educated受过受过教育的。由教育的。由“so the state leaders all agreed”可可知,由于知,由于George Washington深深“受尊敬受尊敬(respected)”,所以各州领导人都同意了他的,所以各州领导人都同意了他的建议。建议。15.C 选项:选项:reliable可靠的;可靠的;attractive有吸引有吸引力的;力的;leg
37、al法定的;法定的;common普遍的。由普遍的。由“lawmakers in Congress”可知,最终国会立可知,最终国会立法者把法者把11月的第四个星期四定为月的第四个星期四定为“法定法定(legal)”假日。假日。语法填空语法填空(2020年全国年全国卷卷)Decorating with Plants,Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a 1 _(celebrate)marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.Th
38、is is why decorating with plants,fruits and flowers 2 _(carry)special significance.They represent the earth 3 _(come)back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:coming carriescelebration Oranges:Orange trees are more 4 _ decoration;
39、they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.They make great gifts and you see them many times 5 _(decorate)with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo:Chinese love their“Lucky Bamboo”plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices.6 _(certain)during the holiday period,this
40、plant is a must.Certainlydecorated than Bamboo plants are associated 7 _ health,abundance and a happy home.They are easy 8 _(care)for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅花梅花):The 9 _(beauty)long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾蓓蕾)make fantastic decorations.The plum trees are
41、 10 _ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化融化).They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.the beautiful to care with 中国的新年标志着冬天的结束和春天的开中国的新年标志着冬天的结束和春天的开始。在这个节日里,人们通常会用橘子、竹子、始。在这个节日里,人们通常会用橘子、竹子、梅花枝等装饰家里或将其作为礼物送给他人,梅花枝等装饰家里或将其作为礼物送给他人,因为它们蕴含着特殊的意义。因为它们蕴含着特殊的意义。1.celebration
42、设空处作设空处作is的表语,其前有不定的表语,其前有不定冠词冠词a修饰,应用名词形式。故填修饰,应用名词形式。故填celebration。2.carries 分析句子成分可知,本句包含分析句子成分可知,本句包含why引导引导的表语从句,设空处为从句的谓语动词;且此处陈的表语从句,设空处为从句的谓语动词;且此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时;从句的主语为动名述客观事实,应用一般现在时;从句的主语为动名词短语词短语decorating with plants,fruits and flowers,从从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填句谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填carries。ing 句中已有谓语
43、动词句中已有谓语动词represent,设空处与,设空处与其之间无连词连接,故应用非谓语动词形式;其之间无连词连接,故应用非谓语动词形式;the earth与与come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填分词形式作后置定语。故填coming。4.than more than为固定搭配,其后接名词,意为为固定搭配,其后接名词,意为“不仅仅是不仅仅是”。故填。故填than。5.decorated 分析句子结构可知,此处为分析句子结构可知,此处为“see+宾宾语语+宾补宾补”结构,结构,decorate与其逻辑主语与其逻辑主语them之间为之间为被
44、动关系,应用过去分词作宾补。故填被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补。故填decorated。6.Certainly 设空处位于句首,作状语,修饰整个设空处位于句首,作状语,修饰整个句子,应用副词形式。故填句子,应用副词形式。故填Certainly。7.with be associated with 为固定搭配,意为为固定搭配,意为“与与联系在一起联系在一起”。8.to care 此处为此处为“主语主语+be+adj.+to do”结构,用结构,用动词不定式的主动形式表被动意义。故填动词不定式的主动形式表被动意义。故填to care。9.beautiful 设空处与设空处与long共同修饰名词共同修饰
45、名词branches,应用形容词形式。故填应用形容词形式。故填beautiful。10.the 根据设空处后为序数词根据设空处后为序数词first可知,设空处应可知,设空处应用定冠词,表示用定冠词,表示“第一个第一个”。故填。故填the。星期四星期四考纲词汇复记强化考纲词汇复记强化 _ n.祖先祖先 _ n.风景,景色风景,景色 _ n.祝福;幸运祝福;幸运 _ 为纪念为纪念 _ 适合;适应适合;适应ancestorsceneryblessingfit intoin memory of _ 用用塞塞 _ 尊重尊重 _ 敬老院敬老院 _ 重阳节重阳节 _ 包饺子包饺子stuff withshow
46、 respect fornursing homeDouble Ninth Festivalmake dumplings七选五阅读七选五阅读 对答案对答案:G E B C A 本文是说明文,主要介绍了我国的传统节日本文是说明文,主要介绍了我国的传统节日清明节的名字由来、传统习俗及美食。清明节的名字由来、传统习俗及美食。1.G 空前句的关键词为空前句的关键词为“the festival(节日节日)”,空后,空后句关键词为句关键词为“Tomb sweeping(扫墓扫墓)”与与“going on a spring outing(春游春游)”,空格处需要连接上下句,只,空格处需要连接上下句,只有选项有
47、选项G中的中的“the festival”和和“two main activities”可分别与上下句关键词相呼应。故选可分别与上下句关键词相呼应。故选G。2.E 本段主要介绍清明习俗之一本段主要介绍清明习俗之一扫墓。选项扫墓。选项E中的关键词中的关键词“The tradition of tomb sweeping(扫墓的扫墓的习俗习俗)”与本段主题一致,介绍扫墓的背景信息。故与本段主题一致,介绍扫墓的背景信息。故选选E。3.B 本段主要介绍清明的另一个习俗本段主要介绍清明的另一个习俗春游。春游。选项选项B中的中的“Playing football”与与“flying kites”与与其其上一
48、句中的上一句中的“outdoors”相呼应,且与本段主题一相呼应,且与本段主题一致。故选致。故选B。4.C 选项选项C中的中的it与上一句中的与上一句中的“Qingtuan,a green rice ball”是指代关系,且与下一句中的是指代关系,且与下一句中的it指代一致。指代一致。故选故选C。5.A 选项选项A中的中的“With each distinct look(每一个每一个不同的样子不同的样子)”与上句中的与上句中的“different shapes”相呼相呼应,且应,且“a good blessing”与下句中的与下句中的“Some are for others represent
49、”相呼应。故选相呼应。故选A。书面表达书面表达 假如你是李华,计划和同学去敬老院假如你是李华,计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写封邮件,邀她一同前往,内容包括:请给外教露西写封邮件,邀她一同前往,内容包括:1.出发及返回时间;出发及返回时间;2.活动:包饺子、表演节目等。活动:包饺子、表演节目等。注意:注意:1.词数词数80左右;左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.结束语已为你写好。结束语已为你写好。Looking forward to y
50、our reply.Yours,Li HuaDear Lucy,Id like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth festival.It is the day for the elderly in our culture.Well go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there.Well also spend some fun time singing,da
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