2020年最新福建三明高一英语下册期末质量检测试卷（答案解析版）.doc

1、福建三明高一英语下册期末质量检测试卷（含解析） - 1 - / 27 福建省三明市-2019 学年高一英语下学期期末质量检测试题 （含解析） 试卷满分试卷满分 100100 分；考试时间分；考试时间 120120 分钟分钟 本试卷由四个部分组成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二本试卷由四个部分组成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二 节和第四部分为非选择题。节和第四部分为非选择题。 考生注意：考生注意： 1. 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名填写在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名填写在答题卡

2、上。考生要认真核对答题卡上 的信息。的信息。 2. 2. 第一卷每小题选出答案后，用第一卷每小题选出答案后，用 2B2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。第二卷用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答。如用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。第二卷用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答。如 在试卷上作答，答案无效。在试卷上作答，答案无效。 3.3. 考试结束，监考员将答题卡收回。考试结束，监考员将答题卡收回。 第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分 2020 分）分） 做题时，先将答

3、案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。到答题卡上。 第一节（共第一节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1 1 分，满分分，满分 5 5 分）分） 听下面听下面 5 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A A、B B、C C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完后，每小题给出并标在试卷的相应位置。听完后，每小题给出 5 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。秒钟的作答时间。每段

4、对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt？ A. I couldnt breathe. So I turned around and came outside. Thats when I saw people hanging out of the window.” Boykin was at his friend Melanie Nunemakers house, across the street from the apartment. He knew something was wrong when he saw a baby drop out of the wind

5、ow. Catching the child below was Smith. Boykin ran to a nearby house to get a ladder and rushed back to help. He found Smith with his arms outstretched, shouting,“ Jump! I get you. “He caught several people. Boykin climbed the ladder to warm people on the third floor to turn around and come toward h

6、im because they couldnt see through the smoke. 福建三明高一英语下册期末质量检测试卷（含解析） - 7 - / 27 And he wasnt finished. When Boykin saw his burnt-out neighbors，he took 20 of them back to Nunemakers house. “They gave us clothes，shoes，whatever they had-and we didnt，“one of the neighbors Chase Ray said, “They saved u

7、s.“ 6. Why did people jump from the building？ A. They faced deadly threat. B. Their houses were damaged. C. Their doors were locked. D. They knew they would be safe. 7. What did Boykin do when he knew something was wrong？ A. He got his family out. B. He came to the rescue. C. He caught a dropping ba

8、by. D. He started banging on doors. 8. Who saved the people on the third floor? A. Nunemaker and Chase Ray. B. Smith and Nunemaker. C. Chase Ray and Boykin. D. Boykin and Smith. 9. What does the underlined part“ we didnt“ in the last paragraph mean? A. We didnt give clothes to others. B. We didnt li

9、ve comfortably. C. We didnt have these things. D. We didnt accept these things. 10. What can be a suitable title for the passage? A. A Heroic Act B. “Help“ C. An Accident D. Four Men 【答案】6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了一栋大楼着火以后人们想方设法帮助被困在大楼里人摆脱 危险的事情。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Next, a baby

10、 and then the babys mother came flying out of the third-storeyed window, all driven by desperation and the smoke that was coming from the apartment.”可知因为火灾时产生浓烟以及人们的绝望，人们才从窗户里 跳出来。主要原因是因为他们的生命受到了致命的威胁。故 A 项正确。 【7 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Boykin ran to a nearby house to get a ladder and rushed back to hel

11、p.”可知 Boykin 发现火灾以后，他立刻在附近的房子里找了梯子，然后去救援 福建三明高一英语下册期末质量检测试卷（含解析） - 8 - / 27 那些被困在大火里的人。故 B 项正确。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Brian Smith and Corey Boykin helped them all. “We caught everything that came out of the window. “ Smith said.”和第五段最后一句 “Boykin climbed the ladder to warm people on the third floor

12、 to turn around and come toward him because they couldnt see through the smoke.”可知 Boykin 和 Smith 去救 援了被困在三楼的人。故 D 项正确。 【9 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据最后一句“They gave us clothes，shoes，whatever they had-and we didnt，“one of the neighbors Chase Ray said, “They saved us.“”可知 Boykin 和 Smith 给受害者衣服鞋子等物资， 这些东西正是受害者没有的。 如

13、果他们有这些物资， Boykin 和 Smith 没有必要再给了。所以该短语的完整形式为“We didnt have these things”，故 C 项正确。 【10 题详解】 主旨大意题。本文是一篇记叙文，第一段 “They had to get many people out of the burning building as quickly as they could. So they told them to jump out of the window.” 告诉我们因为大楼着火，人们想方设法帮助被困在大楼里的人脱困。在 2-5 段里详细介绍了 Boykin 和 Smith 的永

14、雄行为。故 A 项“A Heroic Act”符合中心思想。所以选择 A 项。 C C The Mystery of Dark Matter If you look at the night sky, youll often see stars moving very quickly. In fact, they move much more quickly than they should according to their size and the laws of physics. Scientists do not completely understand why the speed

15、 of these stars is so high. But many believe the reason is that much of the universe is made up of something called “dark matter“. Groups of stars called galaxies, such as the Milky Way, might even consist of ninety per cent dark matter. How much something weighs depends on where it is. The same obj

16、ect weighs only half as much on Mars as it does on Earth and almost three times as much on Jupiter. So scientists prefer to talk about the mass of something rather than how much it weighs, because mass does not change. They can work out the mass of galaxies by measuring 福建三明高一英语下册期末质量检测试卷（含解析） - 9 -

17、 / 27 the distance between them and the speed they move. Recently, Dr. Jorge Penarrubia and a team from Edinburgh University discovered something interesting. The mass of the Milky Way is only half as much as the mass of another nearby galaxy, Andromeda. This seems strange, but dark matter may expla

18、in why. Finding out more about dark matter could help us understand how the universe began, but this is not easy. Lots of scientists with different types of expert knowledge are working on the problem. The Edinburgh team is working with many other universities like the University of British Columbia

19、. We cant see dark matter, its very difficult to measure and we cant find out its mass. Unlike stars, dark matter doesnt produce or reflect light. But we can make a good guess that it is there because of the way things move and the way light bends. Experts now think dark mater may be very different

20、from the mater which we find on Earth. There may also be five times as much dark matter in the universe as ordinary matter. The Swiss scientist Fritz Zwicky first gave dark matter its name in the nineteen-thirties. Researchers have been looking for it ever since. Today, technology such as the Large

21、Hadron Collider is collecting more and more information but this technology cannot tell us everything. New ways of finding dark matter will be needed. Investigating dark matter may even mean we will need to start asking questions about the way we look at the universe, including the ideas of Albert E

22、instein. 11. In what way do scientists find out the mass of galaxies？ A. Depending on where they are. B. Depending on how much they weigh. C. According to the way they move and the laws of physics. D. By calculating how far between them and how fast they move. 12. Which of the following statements a

23、bout dark matter is NOT TRUE？ A. It cant be seen. B. It doesnt reflect light. C. It is not unlike ordinary matter. 福建三明高一英语下册期末质量检测试卷（含解析） - 10 - / 27 D. It affects the movement of things. 13. What may get researchers looking for dark matter？ A. To change the way light bends. B. To prove the ideas o

24、f Albert Einstein. C. To collect more and more information. D. To help understand the origin of the universe. 14. How is the article organized？ (P: Paragraph) A. B. C. D. 15. Which heading best matches Paragraph 5? A. Its there but we cant see it. B. Sharing ideas leads to success. C. We may need to

25、 change the way we think. D. What your eyes can see cant be fully explained, 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. D 14. D 15. C 【解析】 本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了人们对宇宙中的黑暗物质的认知及研究。 【11 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“They can work out the mass of galaxies by measuring the distance between them and the speed they move. ”可知科学家们根据星星之间的距 离和移动速度

26、计算出银河系的质量。故 D 项正确。 福建三明高一英语下册期末质量检测试卷（含解析） - 11 - / 27 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“There may also be five times as much dark matter in the universe as ordinary matter.”可知黑暗物质和普通的物质并不相同。故 C 项说法是 错误的。所以选择 C 项。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“Finding out more about dark matter could help us understand how the uni

27、verse began, but this is not easy. Lots of scientists with different types of expert knowledge are working on the problem.”可知很多不同领域 的科学家研究黑暗物质是因为它可以帮助我们理解宇宙是如何开始的，也就是帮助我们理解 宇宙的起源。故 D 项正确。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了宇宙中的黑暗物质。第一段告诉我们宇宙中星 星的移动速度很快的现象；第二段介绍了质量和重量的差别。第二段最后一句是承上启下句， 由此引出第三、四段最黑暗物质的介绍。最后

28、一段介绍了科学家对于黑暗物质研究的过程， 我们要用新的方法来研究黑暗物质。故 D 项中的篇章结构是正确的。 【15 题详解】 段落大意题。根据本段三四句“Today, technology such as the Large Hadron Collider is collecting more and more information but this technology cannot tell us everything. New ways of finding dark matter will be needed.”可知 the Large Hadron Collider 等 并不能告诉

29、我们与黑暗物质相关的所有信息，我们需要新的研究方法。C 项与本段中心思想一 致，故选择 C 项。 第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题：每小题小题：每小题 1 1 分，满分分，满分 5 5 分）分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Five Ways to Make People Like You Be a good listener Encourage others to talk about themselves. The easiest way to bec

30、ome a good conversationalist（健谈的人）is to become a good listener. To be a good listener， we must actually care about what people have to say._16_.Instead，they just want someone who will listen to them. 福建三明高一英语下册期末质量检测试卷（含解析） - 12 - / 27 Smile _17_. Smiles are free to give and have an amazing ability

31、to make others feel wonderful. Smile in everything that you do. Remember a persons name To any person，his/her name is the sweetest and most important sound in any language._18_ People love their names so much that they will often donate large amounts of money just to have a building named after them

32、. We can make people feel extremely valued and important by remembering their names. _19_ You can make more friends in two months by giving attention to them than by making them curious about you in two years. The only way to make quality，lasting friendships is to learn to be genuinely interested in

33、 them and their interests. Make the other person feel important and do it sincerely The golden rule is to treat other people how we would like to be treated. _20_ People will talk to us for hours if we allow them to talk about themselves. If we can make people feel important in a sincere and appreci

34、ative way，then we will win all the friends we could ever dream of. A. Become genuinely interested in other people B. Share your interests with other people around you C. We love to feel important and so does everyone else D. Many times people dont want an entertaining conversation partner E. You sho

35、uld make other people feel confident whenever and wherever possible F. Happiness does not depend on outside circumstances，but rather on inward attitudes G. The average people are more interested in their own names than in all the other names 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【分析】 福建三明高一英语下册期末质量

36、检测试卷（含解析） - 13 - / 27 本文是一篇说明文，详细介绍了让别人喜欢上我们的五条建议。 【16 题详解】 本段的主题是“Be a good listener”，建议我们做一个听众。横线后一句“Instead，they just want someone who will listen to them.”告诉我们有时候我们只是需要一个听众而 已。D 项中的“dont want an entertaining conversation partner ”与后句语意一致，故 选择 D 项。 【17 题详解】 本段的主题是“Smile”，建议我们在与他人相处的时候要面对微笑。在与人交往的

37、时候，我 们要让别人感觉很舒服， 而微笑会让别人感觉很棒。 E 项内容与上下文语意一致。 故选择 E 项。 【18 题详解】 本段的主题是“Remember a persons name”，建议我们要记住他人的名字。本段第一句告 诉我们对于我们来说，名字是最重要的标志。人们对自己的名字是非常感兴趣的，所以要想 让别人喜欢我们，一定要迅速记住别人的名字。故 G 项正确。 【19 题详解】 本段最后一句“The only way to make quality，lasting friendships is to learn to be genuinely interested in them an

38、d their interests.”告诉我们取得高品质持久的友谊的 唯一方法是真正关注别人和别人的兴趣。A 项与本段中心思想一致，故选择 A 项。 【20 题详解】 本段的中心思想是“Make the other person feel important and do it sincerely”，建 议我们要让别人感觉自己很重要。本段第一句“The golden rule is to treat other people how we would like to be treated.”告诉我们都喜欢像别人对待我们的那样对待他人。所 以人人都喜欢自己被别人重视。 C 项“We love t

39、o feel important and so does everyone else” 意为“我们都喜欢感觉自己很重要，其他人也一样”，与上下文语境一致。故 C 项正确。 【点睛】在完成七选五阅读时候，我们可以从表示转折关系的细节逻辑上判断，以本文小题 1 为例，本题的关键词是副词“instead”。横线后一句“Instead，they just want someone who will listen to them.”告诉我们有时候我们只是需要一个听众，并不需要谈话的对象多么 令人愉悦。所以选择 D 项。 转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是 逻辑上

40、逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：however 然而, nevertheless 仍然，然而，不过, nonetheless 尽管如此，依然，然而, still 还；然 福建三明高一英语下册期末质量检测试卷（含解析） - 14 - / 27 而, though 可是，不过，然而, yet 然而, in spite of 不顾，不管, at any rate 无论如何， 至少, in any case 无论如何，不管怎样, whoever 无论是谁, whatever 无论什么，on the contrary 正相反, in contrast 与此相反, 相比之

41、下, by contrast 相反, 相比之下, in comparison 比较起来，比较地, by comparison 相比之下, conversely 相反(地), otherwise 否则；除此以外，not-but 不是-而是，as well 也等。 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分 3030 分）分） 第一节完形填空（共第一节完形填空（共 2020 小题，每小题小题，每小题 1 1 分，满分分，满分 2020 分）分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A A、B B、C C 和和 IDID 四个选项中，选出可以填

42、入空白处的最佳四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Our house was directly across the street from the entrance of a hospital in Baltimore. We rented the rooms upstairs to the patients at the clinic. One evening， there was a. _21_ on the door. I opened it to see a man who was hardly _22_ than my

43、 eight-year-old son. But the worse thing was his face，looking _23_ awful. He told me he came for a treatment for his face that morning from the eastern shore， and there was no bus till morning so hed been _24_a room since noon but with no success，which he guessed was_25_ his terrible face. For a mom

44、ent I hesitated， but his next words convinced me：“I could_26_ in this chair in the doorway. My bus leaves early in the morning. “I told him we would find him a _27_. Later，from talking，I knew the man fished for a living to _28_ his five children， and his _29_ wife， who hopelessly couldnt walk or sit

45、 from a back injury. He didnt tell it by way of complaint. Instead，he was _30_ that he still had strength to keep going. At _31_，we put a camp cot（吊床）in my childrens room for him. Next morning，just _32_ he left，as if asking a great favor，he said， “Could I come back and _33_ when seeing my doctor nex

46、t time？“He added，“Your children made me feel at home. Grown-ups are bothered by the._34_ of me，but they dont_35_ to. “ _36_ his next trip he arrived a little after seven in the morning. He brought a big fish and the largest oysters I had ever seen. I _37_ what time he had to get up in order to do th

47、is for us，knowing his bus left at 4:00 a. m. 福建三明高一英语下册期末质量检测试卷（含解析） - 15 - / 27 In the years he came to stay_38_ with us, there was never a time when he did not bring us vegetables from his garden. I knew our family would always be grateful to have known him: From him we_39_ how to accept the bad w

48、ithout complaint and the good with _40_. 21. A. sound B. noise C. knock D. call 22. A. healthier B. taller C. better D. smarter 23. A. truly B. usually C. finally D. actually 24. A. looking at B. searching for C. turning to D. checking in 25. A. tired of B. result from C. because of D. as for 26. A.

49、 sink B. talk C. sleep D. wait 27. A. chair B. bed C. bus D. seat 28. A. help B. change C. please D. support 29. A. able B. unable C. disable D. disabled 30. A. thankful B. concerned C. painful D. worried 31. A. noon B. dusk C. suppertime D. bedtime 32. A. once B. until C. before D. after 33. A. live B. thank C. chat D. stay 34. A. look B. action C. height D. behavior 35. A. decide B. seem C. like D. prefer