高考英语短文改错高频考点TOP 8 定语从句（解析版）.doc

1、专题08 短文改错高频考点TOP 8 定语从句考点一 先行词是物时，that, which的区分指物时宜用 that 的情况： 1) 当先行词为 all, none, much, little, few, something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。All that can be done has been done. 2) 当先行词既指人又指物时。 He spoke of the men and the thing (that) he had seen abroad. 3) 当先行词是疑问词 who, what, which 时或者句子以疑

2、问词 who , what , which 打头时。 Who that has such a home doesnt love it? 4) 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级 或者 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。 This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.This is the best that can be done now. 5) 当先行词被 the very, the only, the last, the same , just, one of , any, every , few , little , no , a

3、ll , one of 等修饰时。 This is one of the very book that I am looking for. 6) 关系代词在从句中作表语。 Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.考点二 that不能引导非限只能用 which 不能用 that 的情况1) 引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。 Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking. Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry

4、. 2) 关系代词作介词的宾语。This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.3) that，those作主语时 Those which are on the desk are English books. 考点三 who与whose的误用Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋

5、友。注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Those who dreams have come true have at least one thing in common，which is，they always hold fast to their dreams.【答案】who改为whose【解析】dreams和先行词those是所属关系，所以应该改为wh

6、ose考点四 介词后不能加that参见第2条Take a No.2 bus，the stop of that is on the left of your university，and get off at second crossing.【答案】that改为which【解析】of+which，不能加that考点五 That与where, when的误用并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用when或where来引导相应的定语从句， 若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语等而不是状语时， 需用which或that引导相应的定语从句。Do you still remember

7、 the days which/that we spent together in school? （先行词the days表时间， 但是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语， 因此不能用when而应该用which或that）你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？试比较：Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao?After that，you can go to your host family that you can experience the Chinese way

8、of life.【答案】that改为which【解析】host family在从句中做地点状语考点六 人称代词代替关系代词You can also make more Chinese friends，they will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.【答案】they改为who【解析】先行词是Chinese friends，应该用who来指代在从句中做主语(1)The book I need it is not in the library. 【答案】去掉it (或改为thatwhich)【解析】I need是一个定语

9、从句，need后it多余。(2) This was all which Oxford had to offer. 【答案】which改为that【解析】先行词是不定代词时，其后用that引导定语从句。(3) Is this the restaurant in where you work? 【答案】去掉介词in或将where改为which【解析】wherein which引导定语从句。(4) It is known to all, Taiwan belongs to China. 【答案】It改为As【解析】all是一个非限制性的定语从句，as指代Taiwan belongs to China

10、整句的内容。(5) That is one of those books that is worth reading. 【答案】第二个is改为are【解析】that指先行词those books(6) Paris is the place where Id better visit first. 【答案】where改为whichthat或将where去掉【解析】which或that在定语从句中作visit的宾语。(7) Do you work near the building which color is white? 【答案】which改为whose【解析】whose引导定语从句，指某人的

11、或某物的。(8) Last night I took a taxi,and which took me straight home. 【答案】去掉and【解析】定语从句与主句之间不用and连接(9) China has hundreds of islands, the largest of them is Taiwan. 【答案】them改为which【解析】后面是一个非限制性的定语从句；或在the前加and，后面是一个并列分句(10) He is the only one of those students who are able to read in English.【答案】are改为i

12、s【解析】who引导的定语从句修饰one，因为one前有the only修饰【宁夏银川一中2019届高三第一次月考】假段定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Mr. Li is my head teacher. He is now in his thirty

13、 and has been teaching in almost ten years. He has much knowledges and his teaching method is scientific. All of us enjoy his lessons which are lively and interested. Not only is he strict and also he is kind and patient. As a result, he is popular with our students. All these years he has devoted t

14、o teaching his students. In addition, he often gave his encouragement to us, that means a lot to us. With his help, we have made a great progress. We all love him!【答案】【解析】【详解】第一处：考查固定结构。in ones+逢10的基数词的复数形式，表示在某人几十几岁时。句意：他现在30多岁了。故把 thirty改成 thirties。第二处：考查固定用法。此处表示一段时间。句意：他现在已经三十多岁了，已经教了将近十年了。故把in改

15、为for。第三处：考查不可数名词。knowledge知识，是不可数名词，无复数形式。句意：他很有知识。故把knowledges改成 knowledge。第四处：考查形容词。从句主语为his lessons，故用现在分词interesting作表语，表示“有趣的”。句意：他的课生动有趣。故将interested改为interesting。第七处：考查短语。短语be devoted to致力于。句意：这些年来他一直致力于教他的学生。故在has后加been。第八处：考查时态。根据全文可知用一般现在时。句意：他常常给我们鼓励。故把gave改成gives。第九处：考查定语从句。非限定性定语从句不可用关系

16、代词that引导，这里用关系代词which，指代前面一件事。句意：这对我们意义重大。故把that改为which。第十处：考查名词。make progress.取得进步，其中 progress是不可数名词，无复数形式,，前面不能加不定冠词。句意：在他的帮助下，我们都已经取得很大的进步。故把 great前的a去掉。【河南省信阳高级中学2019届高三第一次大考】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修

17、改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Patience is of great importance in our daily life. Once I waited a bus to come at a stop. 30 minutes past, but no bus came. Both upset and annoyed, I decided to walk on feet. But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived. I thou

18、ght if I had waited for one more minute, I would have caught it. If I chose to take a next bus, I would have to wait for other 30 minutes. Only then do I realize my problem. Being impatient will possible waste all the effort that we have put it in. Now whenever I am close to lose my patience, Ill th

19、ink of this experience.【答案】1:waited 和 a 之间加for 2:past passed 3:feet foot 4:when than 5:a the 6:other another 7:do did 8:possible possibly 9:去掉it 10:lose losing【解析】试题分析： 通过本文的阅读和改错，考查学生的固定搭配和时态和非谓语动词的用法、连词、冠词的区别等。51. wait 后加for 考查固定搭配。固定词组wait for 等待。52. past passed 考查谓语动词。这里应该用谓语动词的过去式形式passed，past是

20、介词，不能独立做谓语。53. feet foot 考查固定搭配。固定词组on foot 步行。54. when than 考查固定搭配。固定词组no soonerthan意思是：一就。55. a the 考查冠词。这里用定冠词the表特指。56. other another 考查代词。再等30分钟，another加数词。57. do did 考查时态一致性。全文都是过去式，所以这里应该用do的过去式did与文章的时态一致。58. possible possibly 考查副词的用法。英语中通常用副词possibly修饰动词waste，possible是形容词。60. lose losing 考查

21、非谓语动词。be close to doing的意思是快要做某事。考点：短文改错。学科&网【衡水中学2019届高三开学二调】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Last Sunday, I accompanied two of my foreign fr

22、iends, Tom or Mary, around Chengdu so that they could get a feeling of the amazed city. We began by touring Kuan Zhai Alley, that is known for its traditional Chinese architecture. I know the area very good so I acted as their tour guide. For lunch, I tried some Chengdu fried sauce noodles. Tom thou

23、ght that they were in particularly delicious. Soon before lunch, we went to the Research Base of Giant Panda to pay a visit to the pandas. Both Mary and Tom fall in love with the lovely pandas. We finished off the day by going shopping, and they bought some paper cuts as souvenir. It was fantastic d

24、ay and I hope they will come to Chengdu again.【答案】【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了上周日，作者陪伴两个外国朋友Tom和Mary在成都游玩一天，度过了愉快的一天。第三处：考查非限制性定语从句。that is known for its traditional Chinese architecture作定语，修饰Kuan Zhai Alley，且有逗号与主句隔开，所以是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，that改为which。第四处：考查副词。句意：我非常了解这一地区，所以我

25、担任他们的导游。修饰动词know，用副词，所以good改为well。第七处：考查连词。句意：午饭后不久，我们去了大熊猫研究基地，去观看大熊猫。表示“在之后”，所以before改为after。第八处：考查时态。作者在回忆往事，所以用一般过去时，fall改为fell。第九处：考查名词单复数。句意：我们通过购物结束了这一天，并且他们买了一些剪纸作为纪念品。“一些剪纸”是复数意义，所以“纪念品”用复数，souvenir改为souvenirs。第十处：考查冠词。句意：这是美好的一天，并且我希望他们再次来到成都。泛指“一个极好的日子”，且fantastic的首字母发音是辅音，所以fantastic day

26、前增加a。【云南省昆明市2019届高三摸底调研】假定英语课上，老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I have a 5-year-old sister Sometimes she fights against myself for candiesWhen Mom m

27、akes me to give my share to her，I always feel unwillinglyLast week，I caught serious cold and had to follow the doctors advices to take medicine Before I came home from school，I noticed her leaving candies beside my medicineI go up to her and asked“Hey，what are you doing？”In a smile，she said to me，“C

28、andies make me happy because I put them here to make you happy today”That was the greatest thing which Id ever experienced【答案】【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者和五岁的小妹妹的故事。4.考查固定搭配。句意：上一周我得了重感冒。catch a cold感冒，故在catch后加不定冠词a。5.考查不可数名词的用法。advice“建议”是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故把advices改成advice。6.考查时间状语从句。句意：当我从学校回到家时，我注意到她在我的药旁边留下了糖果。结合句意此处是时间状语从句，故把Before改成When/As。7.考查时态。句意：我走向他并问道-。根据上文的Last week，可知这里指的是过去的事请，go和asked是并列的谓语动词，故把go改成went。8.固定词组。with a simle微笑着，故把In改成With。9.考查并列连词。句意：糖果让我快乐，所以我把它们放在这里让你今天快乐。可知此处是因果或递进的关系，故把because改成so/and。10.考查定语从句。句意：那是我所经历过的最伟大的事情。此处先行词thing由最高级修饰且在后面的定语从句中做宾语，故把which改成that或把which去掉。