（公开课）高中英语：构词法课件.ppt

1、构词法构词法 熟读深思熟读深思 John and his father never agree on one thing,so they often disapprove1of each other,for there was some misunderstanding2 between them.Once,John and his parents went to his aunts home for dinner.When they left after dinner,John said“Bye-bye!”to his aunt in a low voice.However,his fath

2、er didnt hear it and he thought John misbehaved3 himself for it was impolite4to leave without saying goodbye.John insisted that he did say it,but his father didnt listen to him.From then on,John was unfriendly5 to his father,which made his father extremely unhappy6.Undoubtedly7,it is unwise 8of John

3、 to do so.After all,they are father and son.His father sent him to a class of manners to enrich9 his knowledge of manners,which his father believed would enable10him to be a good-mannered boy.Johns father said he was angry at his sons dishonesty11,which would certainly endanger12 his future.His fath

4、ers nonstop13nonsense caused John much discomfort14.John had to go to the class.Later on,he did everything against his fathers will.汉语译文：汉语译文：约翰和父亲总有分歧，他约翰和父亲总有分歧，他们经常想法不一致，因为他们之间有一些们经常想法不一致，因为他们之间有一些误会。一次，约翰和父母去姑姑家吃饭。误会。一次，约翰和父母去姑姑家吃饭。晚饭后当他们离开时，约翰小声对姑姑说晚饭后当他们离开时，约翰小声对姑姑说“再见再见!”然而，他的父亲没听到，他认为然而，他的父亲

5、没听到，他认为约翰不懂规矩约翰不懂规矩,不告而别是非常不礼貌的。不告而别是非常不礼貌的。约翰坚持说他确实说了，但他父亲不听。从约翰坚持说他确实说了，但他父亲不听。从此，约翰对父亲很不友善，这使他的父亲非此，约翰对父亲很不友善，这使他的父亲非常不高兴。毫无疑问，约翰这样做是不明智常不高兴。毫无疑问，约翰这样做是不明智的。毕竟，他们是父子。他的父亲把他送去的。毕竟，他们是父子。他的父亲把他送去上礼仪班以丰富他的礼仪知识，父亲认为这上礼仪班以丰富他的礼仪知识，父亲认为这样做会使他成为一个懂礼貌的男孩。约翰的样做会使他成为一个懂礼貌的男孩。约翰的父亲说对于儿子的不诚实他感到很生气，他父亲说对于儿子的不

6、诚实他感到很生气，他的不诚实一定会危及他的未来。父亲不间断的不诚实一定会危及他的未来。父亲不间断的唠叨让约翰很不舒服。约翰不得不去上课。的唠叨让约翰很不舒服。约翰不得不去上课。此后，他总是和父亲对着干。此后，他总是和父亲对着干。熟读深思熟读深思 1.dis 表示表示“相反或否定相反或否定”意义的前缀意义的前缀dis可以加在动可以加在动词的前面词的前面,approve赞同赞同disapprove不赞同不赞同,反对。反对。2.mis 表示表示“错误或否定错误或否定”意义的前缀意义的前缀mis 可以加在动可以加在动词的前面，词的前面，understand理解理解 misunderstand误解，误解

7、，misunderstanding是其名词形式。是其名词形式。3.mis 表示表示“糟糕或否定糟糕或否定”意义的前缀意义的前缀mis可以加在动可以加在动词的前面词的前面,behave表现得体表现得体misbehave行为不端。行为不端。4.im 前缀前缀im通常加在以字母通常加在以字母p开头的形容词前，表示开头的形容词前，表示“不、非不、非”的意思，的意思，polite有礼貌的有礼貌的impolite没礼貌没礼貌的，而同是表示的，而同是表示“不、非不、非”的前缀的前缀il常加在以字母常加在以字母l开头开头的单词前；前缀的单词前；前缀ir则常加在以字母则常加在以字母r开头的单词前。开头的单词前。

8、58.un 前缀前缀un通常加在形容词前或加后缀通常加在形容词前或加后缀才得来的形容词或副词的前面，表示才得来的形容词或副词的前面，表示“不、非不、非”的意思，的意思，friendly友好的友好的unfriendly不友好的，不友好的，happy开心开心unhappy不开心不开心。910.en 前缀前缀en通常加在形容词前面，表通常加在形容词前面，表示示“使使”的意思，的意思，rich丰富的丰富的enrich使丰富，使丰富，使充实；使充实；able能够能够enable使能够使能够。一般的前缀。一般的前缀不会改变词性，但前缀不会改变词性，但前缀en会改变所加的单词的会改变所加的单词的词性。词性。

9、11.dis表示表示“相反或否定相反或否定”意义的前缀意义的前缀dis可以可以加在名词的前面，加在名词的前面，honesty诚实诚实dishonesty不诚不诚实。实。12.en前缀前缀en也可以加在名词前面，表示也可以加在名词前面，表示“使使”的意思，的意思，danger危险危险 endanger危及。危及。13.non前缀前缀non构成形容词、副词和名词，构成形容词、副词和名词，表示表示“无、没有无、没有”的意思。的意思。14.dis表示表示“相反或否定相反或否定”意义的前缀意义的前缀dis可以可以加在名词的前面，加在名词的前面，comfort舒服舒服discomfort不舒不舒服。服。构

10、词法与高考构词法与高考 1.阅读理解中考纲词的派生词与合成词不阅读理解中考纲词的派生词与合成词不算生词，不用汉语注明。因此，熟练掌握算生词，不用汉语注明。因此，熟练掌握考纲词汇和常见的构词法，阅读这一关就考纲词汇和常见的构词法，阅读这一关就好突破了。好突破了。2.语法填空中必考词类转换。考查不同词语法填空中必考词类转换。考查不同词性在句中的不同用法，其中主要涉及以下性在句中的不同用法，其中主要涉及以下三条：三条：在句中修饰动词、形容词、另一副词或在句中修饰动词、形容词、另一副词或全句等作状语，用副词。全句等作状语，用副词。在句中作定语、表语或补语，一般在句中作定语、表语或补语，一般用形容词。用

11、形容词。作主语、作及物动词或者介词的宾作主语、作及物动词或者介词的宾语，用名词。语，用名词。3.短文改错中也必考不同词性在句中的短文改错中也必考不同词性在句中的不同用法。不同用法。1.(2011年年)He must be _(mental)disabled.解析：解析：修饰分词形容词修饰分词形容词disabled，作状语，用副，作状语，用副词形式，故填词形式，故填mentally。近年广东高考真题：近年广东高考真题：3.(2010年年)His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _(warm),and thanked his student very much f

12、or the sweet water.解析：解析：修饰谓语动词修饰谓语动词smiled，作状语，用副词形，作状语，用副词形式，故填式，故填warmly。4.(2009年年)But Jane knew from past experience that her _(choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.解析：解析：在在that引导的宾语从句中作主语应当用名引导的宾语从句中作主语应当用名词，或者说，在形容词性物主代词后，一定是用词，或者说，在形容词性物主代词后，一定是用名词形式，故填名词形式，故填choice。5.(2008年年)This pr

13、overb is saying we have to let things go in their _(nature)course.解析：解析：在名词在名词course前作定语，要用形容词，故前作定语，要用形容词，故填填natural。1.I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time._(fortunate),I was held up by the heavy traffic jam.2.Therefore,when they become older they are _(able)to do any other kind of work.

14、unable unfortunately 灵活运用灵活运用 3.Very early the next morning,amazingly,we got completely satisfied in a totally _(expect)way.4.I wont do the purchase because the price of this dress is _(reason).unreasonable unexpected5.Job _(apply)need to show their ability to be both organized and flexible in takin

15、g on many tasks at the same time.6.All facts are the source of _(conclude).conclusionsapplicants7.However,most _(science)agree that EQ has a lot to do with _(educate).8.Excellent oral and written _(communicate)skills in Chinese and English are of _(important).importancescientistseducationcommunicati

16、on9.Fresh fruits and vegetables can provide much of our daily _(require).10.It is your _(free)to do what you want after class.freedom requirement11.As is known to us all,the Entrance Exam is a great _,and the students are _.(compete)12.I am _(thank)to you for your help.13.He gave me some _(construct

17、)suggestions.thankful competitioncompetitorsconstructive 14.A jurys decision in a court case must be absolutely _(object).15.He devoted much money to building schools in _(mountain)areas.16.Unfortunately,my car broke down on a _(mud)road.muddy objectivemountainous17.Everyone should play his part in

18、building a _(harmony)society.18.The _(mystery)letter sent from Taiwan made the professor lost in thought.19.To make myself _,I would do some _exercise after work.(relax)relaxing harmoniousmysteriousrelaxed20.All the children felt _ when they heard the _ news.(discourage)21.We _(apology)for the late

19、departure of this flight.apologized discourageddiscouraging22.The article can _(long)out a little by adding some examples.23.His illness _(worse)during the night.24.Letting that animal escape was no accident;you did it _(intention).intentionally lengthen worsened25.The black people were against slav

20、ery and fought for their freedom _(brave).26.Our products are sold _,(world).27.He went out of the office _(hurry)to run after her.hurriedly bravelyworldwide28.I lost my balance and fell _(back).29.They live in the _(west)part of the village.30.Its very important to eat _(health).healthily backwardw

21、estern二、语篇填空二、语篇填空 阅读下列短文，按照句子结构的语阅读下列短文，按照句子结构的语法性，用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。法性，用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。A father sat at his desk looking at and carefully studying his 1._(month)bills when his young son rushed in and announced,“Dad,because this is your birthday and youre 55 years old,Im going to give you 55 kisses,on

22、e for each year!”But the father exclaimed,“Oh,Andrew,dont do it now;Im too busy!”monthlyThe youngster immediately fell 2._ (silence)as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.3._(apologetical)the father said,“You can finish later.”The boy said nothing but 4._(quiet)walked away,5._(disappoint)written

23、over his face.That evening the father said,“Come and finish the kisses now,Andrew!”But the boy didnt respond.silentApologeticallyquietlydisappointment6._(fortunate),the boy had an accident and was drowned.His heartbroken father wrote“If only I could tell him how much I regret my 7._(thought)words,an

24、d could be assured that he knows how much my heart is aching.”Unfortunately thoughtlessLove is a two-way street.Any loving act must be 8._(warm)accepted or it will be taken as 9._(reject)and can leave a scar.Nothing is more 10._(importance)than responding with love to the cry for love from those who

25、 are near and precious to us.Because there may be no chance at all as in the case of the little boy warmlyrejectionimportant 一个小孩在父亲一个小孩在父亲55岁生日时想给父亲岁生日时想给父亲55个吻，但这位父亲因太忙叫儿子等以后有空再个吻，但这位父亲因太忙叫儿子等以后有空再吻，几天后这个小男孩不幸溺水身亡吻，几天后这个小男孩不幸溺水身亡,父亲伤父亲伤心欲绝。故事告诫我们，对于那些在我们身边，心欲绝。故事告诫我们，对于那些在我们身边，对我们弥足珍贵的人，用爱去回应他们爱的渴

26、对我们弥足珍贵的人，用爱去回应他们爱的渴望，这最重要不过了。望，这最重要不过了。1.monthly 在名词前作定语用形容词，在名词前作定语用形容词，表示表示“每月的每月的”填填monthly。2.silent 在系动词在系动词felt后作表语用形容词。后作表语用形容词。3.Apologetically 修饰谓语动词作状语用修饰谓语动词作状语用副词。副词。4.quietly 修饰谓语动词作状语用副词。修饰谓语动词作状语用副词。5.disappointment 后面有过去分词短语后面有过去分词短语作定语，应是名词。作定语，应是名词。6.Unfortunately 修饰全句作状语用副词，修饰全句作状

27、语用副词，溺水身亡是溺水身亡是“不幸地不幸地”。7.thoughtless 在名词前作定语用形在名词前作定语用形容词，根据文意，加表示否定意义的容词，根据文意，加表示否定意义的后缀后缀less。8.warmly 修饰谓语作状语用副词。修饰谓语作状语用副词。9.rejection 在介词后作宾语用名词。在介词后作宾语用名词。10.important 在系动词在系动词is后作表语用后作表语用形容词形容词.三、单句改错三、单句改错 1.A difficult person will be easier to cooperate if understand is achieved.understand

28、 understanding 作主语作主语,用用名词。名词。2.The actually reasons for this phenomenon are the subject of a very heated discussion.actually actual 作定语作定语,用形容词。用形容词。3.Its surprised what people will do for money.surprised surprising 因因-ing表示表示“令令人人的的(多为事多为事)”而而-ed 则表示则表示“(人人)感感到到的的”。人们为了钱所做的事情。人们为了钱所做的事情“令令人惊讶人惊讶”。

29、4.When facing danger,one should keep calmly.calmly calm 作表语作表语,用形容词。用形容词。5.Are you being completely honesty about your feelings？honesty honest 作表语作表语,用形容词。用形容词。6.I was thrilling to be invited.thrilling thrilled 我因为被邀请而感到我因为被邀请而感到兴奋。兴奋。7.Hopeful,well arrive before dark.Hopeful Hopefully 作状语，修饰全作状语，修饰

30、全句，用副词。句，用副词。8.I felt extreme upset,and I couldnt believe my mother refused to help the animal.extreme extremely 作状语，修饰形作状语，修饰形容词容词upset，用副词。，用副词。9.Was she telling me the true or trying to cheat me?true truth 作宾语作宾语,用名词。用名词。10.In this increasingly competitive world,we are supposed to enrich ourselves constant to keep in pace with the modern society.constant constantly 作状语，修饰动词作状语，修饰动词enrich，用副词。，用副词。