Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures 公开课（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、 2019新人教高中英语必修一新人教高中英语必修一Unit 5 Languages around the worldActivity1:Discovering-Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive attributive clauses.What kind of information does each clause communicate?1.It was a time when people were divided geographically.2.Emperor Qinshihuang united the sev

2、en major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.3.There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.4.These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.uInformation:a time for an event.uInfor

3、mation:a location for an event.uInformation:a reason for an action.uInformation:a location for an action.1.It was a time when people were divided geographically.uInformation:a time for an event.小结小结 1 1 先行词（即被修饰的名词）先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做在从句中做 时间状语时间状语时，连接词使用时，连接词使用when.It was a time.At that time people w

4、ere divided geographically.when引导定语从句I will never forget the day when I first saw you.I will never forget the day on which I first saw you.我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。when引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示_的名词，的名词，when在从句中作时间状语，相当于在从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词介词in/at/on/during.which”结构。结构。时间时间2.Emperor Qin

5、shihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.uInformation:a location for an event.小结小结 2 2 先行词（即被修饰的名词）先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做在从句中做地点地点状语状语时，连接词使用时，连接词使用where.where.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into

6、one unified country.In that country the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.where引导定语从句After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town in which he grew up as a chi

7、ld.在巴黎生活了在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。The accident has reached to the point where both their parents are to be called in.事情事情发展到如此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。发展到如此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。(1)where引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示地点的名词，引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示地点的名词，where在从句中作在从句中作_状语，相当于状语，相当于“_”结构。结构。(2)关系副词关系副词where表示表示“地点的模糊化地点

8、的模糊化”。当先行词表示某人。当先行词表示某人/物的物的situation，或某事发展的，或某事发展的stage，或表达某事的某个方面时，或表达某事的某个方面时都可用关系副词都可用关系副词where。常见的先行词还有。常见的先行词还有point，case，position，condition等。等。地点地点介词介词in/at.which 3.There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.uInformation:a reason for an action.小结小结 3 3 先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做原因状语时，连

9、接词使用why。There are many reasons.Because of these reasons,people learn a foreign language.why引导定语从句Unsuccessful people can always find reasons why theyre not doing well.Unsuccessful people can always find reasons for which theyre not doing well.不不成功的人总能找到自己表现不好的理由。成功的人总能找到自己表现不好的理由。why引导定语从句时，从句的先行词通常

10、是引导定语从句时，从句的先行词通常是reason，why在从句中作在从句中作_状语，状语，相当于相当于“_”结构。结构。表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。I dont believe the reason(that/which)he gave me for his bein

11、g late.我不相信他给出的迟到的理由。我不相信他给出的迟到的理由。原因原因介词介词forwhich4.These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.小结小结 4 4先行词指物先行词指物且且在从句中做在从句中做状语状语时，连接词时，连接词可以用可以用介词介词+which+which来替换关系副词，其中介词的选择和来替换关系副词，其中介词的选择和先行词的搭配有关。先行词的搭配有关。There were animals bones and shells.Symbo

12、ls were carved by ancient Chinese people on them.These were animal bones and shells on which(=where)symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.介词介词+which(+which(如如on which)on which)的结构一般限于比较正式的文体中。的结构一般限于比较正式的文体中。uInformation:a location for an action.“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用当关系代词在定

13、语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词关系介词关系代词代词”引导定语从句。如果指引导定语从句。如果指“人人”，用，用“介词介词whom”；如果指；如果指“物物”，用，用“介词介词which”；关系代词有时也用；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语作定语)。Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(be famous for“因因而出名而出名”)This is the camera with which he often takes ph

14、otos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with the camera“用照相机用照相机”)The boss in whose company Mr King worked heard about the accident.金先生所工作的公司的老板听到了这起事故。金先生所工作的公司的老板听到了这起事故。(in the boss company“在老板的公司在老板的公司”)The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.(without the colorless gas“没有这种无色气体

15、没有这种无色气体”)这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。选用介词的依据选用介词的依据(1)根据定语从句中根据定语从句中_的搭配习惯的搭配习惯(即固定短语即固定短语)。(2)根据根据_的搭配习惯的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语约定俗成，不一定是短语)。(3)根据句子的意思来选择。根据句子的意思来选择。谓语动词谓语动词先行词先行词 定语从句三步解体法：一、先找出主句；二、确定先行词定语从句三步解体法：一、先找出主句；二、确定先行词 三、判断先行词在从句中做的成分三、判断先行词在从句中做的成分定语从句的引导词关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词指

16、人指人指物指物who(主语、宾语主语、宾语)，whom(宾语宾语)，that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),whose(定语定语)that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语主语、宾语)whose(定语定语)where(地点状语地点状语)when(时间状语时间状语)why(原因状语原因状语)Activity2:Summary定语从句定语从句是在句子中作是在句子中作定语定语，修饰，修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句，的从句，又称为又称为形容词性从句。形容词性从句。这种从句由这种从句由关系代词关系代词或或关系关系 副词副词引导，并作句子成分。引导，并作句子成分。Ps:Ps:先行词先行词在从句中做

17、在从句中做状语状语时，连接词有时时，连接词有时可以用可以用介词介词+which/whom+which/whom来替换关系副词来替换关系副词Activity3:Fill in the table to complete each phrase with a restrictive relative clause.Then use the phrases to make complete sentences.the day when the earthquake happened I was on holiday the day when the earthquake happened.the d

18、ay when I started learning my second foreign language.I will always remember the day when I started learning my second foreign language.the place where my friend lives She works near the place where my friend lives.the place where I met the movie star Let me show you the place where I met the movie

19、star.the reason why I didnt get a pay-rise the reason why I want to learn Spanish I dont know the reason why I didnt get a pay-rise.The reason why I want to learn Spanish is to travel to Peru one day.the place 介词 +which I found Grandmas glasses the time 介词 +which I first met you on the ship This is

20、the cupboard in which I found Grandmas glasses.I will never forgot the day on which I first met you on the ship.注意注意：并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时：并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时 都用都用when,where,why，若先行词在定语从句中不，若先行词在定语从句中不 做状语，而作主语或宾语，就必须用做状语，而作主语或宾语，就必须用which或或that。比较比较:when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于 on the days。whic

21、h在定语从句中作宾语在定语从句中作宾语We often think of the days when we worked together in the countryside.We often think of the days which we spent together in the countryside.When I started studying German,it was a struggle.The words felt strange on my tongue,and the grammar would not stay in my head.I told my mum

22、that I wanted to give up,and that I would never live in a country _ German was spoken.My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future.It was exercise for the brain;the more I learnt of a language,the more my brain would grow.And I remember that day _ I suddenly felt like German wa

23、s no longer a foreign language.It felt like my brain had doubled in size.I had finally come to a place _I could think in this foreign language,and I could see the world from a different point of view.I felt as if I had reached the goal _ I had been fighting for.I could open a book and see meanings,n

24、ot just a sea of words.I finally understood the reason _ my mum had encouraged me not to give up.Thanks,Mum!wherewhenwherethat/whichwhyActivity4:Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns.Add a preposition where necessary.Activity 5 ExerciseFill in the blanks with the passage

25、 with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns.Add a preposition where necessary.This is the place _ we held a party last week.Do you remember the days _ we spent together on the farm?I dont know the reason _ he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.I wont listen to the reason _ you have

26、given us.This is the place _ we visited last year.Do you remember the days _ we chatted with each other all night?wherethat/whichwhythat/whichthat/whichwhenThis is the man _ I just shook hands.None of us know the reason _ Tom was absent.Do you remember the day _ you joined our club?There is a big wi

27、ndow _ I can see the railway station.with whomfor whichon whichthrough whichAssignment Think about one of your favourite memories,and then write a short paragraph about it.Use the expressions below to help you.One of my favourite memories is one of the time when.The place where it happened was.That was the day when.The reason why.