Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures 语法定语从句（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、定语从句定语从句CONTENTThat 特殊用法关系代词引导的定语从句01概念0203关系副词引导的定语从句041 什么是定语 定语：a cute girl a handsome boy the man with a big smile the man that you love the man talking to the doctor 修饰限制名词或代词修饰限制名词或代词，“的”前置定语和后置定语前置定语和后置定语1 关系词和先行词 ZhangSan is a sleepy boy.ZhangSan comes from Class 7.ZhangSan is a sleepy boy w

2、ho/that comes from Class 7.先行词先行词：boy 受定语从句修饰限制的词受定语从句修饰限制的词 who/that：关系词(引导词)引导定语从句的词是关系词引导定语从句的词是关系词1 关系词引导定语从句的关系词有：关系代词关系代词that,which,who(宾格宾格whom,所有格所有格whose)关系副词关系副词where、when、why等等作用：引导定语从句引导定语从句 代替先行代替先行词词 在定语从句中担当一个成分在定语从句中担当一个成分练习：找出下列先行词和关系词 1.Two thirds of the people who lived there were

3、 dead or injured.2.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.3.The army sent soldiers to dig out those who were trapped.Who:指人，主语，宾语指人，主语，宾语 4.The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.5.The girl whom you are looking for is in red.Whom:指人，宾语指人，宾语练习

4、：找出下列先行词和关系词 1.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.2.The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience(that)my parents cannot forget.3.My friends and I talked about the person(that)we met in school.That:指人或物，做主语，宾语和表语指人或物，做主语，宾语和表语练习：找出下列先行词和关系词 1.The supplies which were provided

5、to the disaster area were collected from all over the country.2.The letter which I received yesterday was from my brother.Which:指物，做主语、宾语指物，做主语、宾语 3.I live in the room whose window faces the south.4.The injured boy whose mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.Whose:人或物，做定语人或物，做定语2

6、 关系代词引导的定语从句-whosewhose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语：1.I live in the room whose window faces the south.2.The injured boy whose mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.适用条件：从句的主谓宾或主系表是完整的；从句的主谓宾或主系表是完整的；从句的主语与先行词（主语从属于先行词）构成从属关系从句的主语与先行词（主语从属于先行词）构成从属关系（的）的）。1 什么是定语从句 1)The man who lives next

7、 to us is a policeman.2)You must do everything that I do.结构：先行词先行词+关系词关系词+从句从句2 关系代词引导的定语从句 I prefer shoes that are cool.I have a friend who plays sports.who/that/which 在定语从句作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数从句谓语动词的单复数跟先行词保持一致跟先行词保持一致。Thats why you go away Love is one big illusion _ should try to forget.Youre the one

8、_set it up.Im the one _feeling lost right now.Now you want me to forget every little _ you said.I wont forget _ _youre kissing The feelings so strong will last for so long But Im not _ _ your heart is missingIwhowhosethingthe waythe man3 只能用只能用which的情况 (a)在引导非限定性定语从句时在引导非限定性定语从句时：The tree,that which

9、 is four hundred years old,is very famous here.(b)介词后介词后不能用。We depend on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.3 只能用只能用that情况 (a)在在there be 句型中句型中，只用that，不用which；(b)在不定代词在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,the one,all等作先行词作先行词时，只用that，不用which；(c)先行词有先行词有the o

10、nly,the very,the same,the last,just修饰时修饰时，只用that；(d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。3 只能用只能用that情况 (e)先行词既有人，又有物时先行词既有人，又有物时；(f)先行词指物，在主句中作表语时先行词指物，在主句中作表语时；(g)为了避免重复；(h)先行词是the way或the reason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略；(i)主句的主语是疑问词who/which时。Drills 学习笔记P66 课本P52第二题 P56第二题4 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系

11、副词：在句中作状语 Where地点状语 When时间状语 Why原因状语4 关系副词引导的定语从句-where(1)Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2)The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.where指地点，做地点状语，先行词是地点类的词指地点，做地点状语，先行词是地点类的词 Place,room,house,school,country4 关系副词引导的定语从句-when(1)I still remember the day when I first came to

12、the school.(2)The time when we got together finally came.When指时间，做时间状语，先行词是时间类的词指时间，做时间状语，先行词是时间类的词 Time,day,week,month,year4 关系副词引导的定语从句-when I still remember the time _ we spent together.I still remember the time _ we met.I still remember the first time _ I met her.that/whichwhenwhen4 关系副词引导的定语从句-

13、when Time:是先行词且充当时间状语时，有时不用任何关系代词。By the time you arrived in London,we had stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to business trip,he brings a lot of living necessities.4 关系副词引导的定语从句-why(1)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2)I dont kn

14、ow the reason why he looks unhappy today.Why指原因，做原因状语，先行词是指原因，做原因状语，先行词是the reasonwhen,where,why 与与 that,which 的区分的区分先行词在做先行词在做状语状语时用时用when，where或或why先行词在做先行词在做主语或宾语主语或宾语时时，要要用用which或或thatThis is the place _we visited last year.This is the place _ he works.That was the time _ he arrived.Do you still

15、 remember the time _ we spent together?which/that where when that/which when,where,why 与与 that,which 的区分的区分This is the reason _ he went.The reason _ he gave us was quite reasonable.why/for which that/which 先行词在做先行词在做状语状语时用时用when，where或或why先行词在做先行词在做主语或宾语主语或宾语时时，要要用用which或或that4 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词：在句中作

16、状语状语 关系副词关系副词=介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（which,whom）Eg：why=for which where=in/at/on/.which when=during/on/in/.which介词的选择看固定搭配介词的选择看固定搭配4 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词关系副词=介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（which,whom）This is the house _I lived two years ago.This is the house _ I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day _ you joined our club?Do you remember the day _ you joined our club?This is the reason _ he came late.This is the reason _ he came late.wherein whichwhenon whichwhyfor whichDrills 课本P64第三题 步步高学习笔记P80达标检测第一题Thank you.