高考英语一轮复习：短文改错 学案.docx

1、高考英语一轮复习：短文改错 学案名词1. 可数名词的单复数根据该名词所处句子的谓语动词是否使用第三人称单数、名词前的修饰词、固定词组或名词的复数变化规则来判断。When spring comes, leaf turn green.This is one of the student who have passed the examinations.2. 混用可数名词和不可数名词牢记常见的不可数名词以及某些抽象名词的具体化有些不可数名词是不能转化为可数名词的，常见的有advice, information, traffic, progress, weather, furniture，equipm

2、ent, health, wealth, luggage, baggage, clothing, word（消息 ）, harm, fun, work, knowledge, homework, food, luck, evidence, housework有些名词常以复数形式出现， 如glasses(眼镜), congratulations(祝贺，贺词)，customs (海关)，instructions/directions(指示，说明), thanks(感谢)等。有些固定短语中名词需用复数，如to make matters worse, make friends with, shake

3、hands with, make preparations for, as follows, in high spiritsThe big earthquake has caused much damages to the area.Hes proud of his childrens success.3. 误用名词的所有格根据两个名词之间是否存在所属关系来判断是否该用名词所有格如果某人或某物为两人所共有，其所有格应在后一个人的后面加s; 如果不是两个人所共有，则在两人的后面都要加sThe woman over there is Toms and Marys mother.1. How muc

4、h furnitures have you bought for your new house?2. Christie was one of my best friend at high school.3. Ive nearly killed three peoples.4. An American boy wants to make friend with a Chinese boy.5. Our teacher gave us a lot of advices on how to learn English well.6. This is Johns and Jacks desk.7. I

5、n that clothes shop only mans clothes are sold.8. Theres a papers factory near our school.9. You told me the name of different plants and their characteristics.10. During the three weeks holiday, he visited many famous places of interest in China.11. We chose the cheapest biscuits and ate it under a

6、 tree.12. Both my parent miss you a lot.13. But they called back or sent greeting card from different places. 14. Id like to stay there for half a month, visiting place of interest 15. since I am familiar with Beijing, I can help visitors find their ways in the city. 16. But I have made up my minds

7、to spend the vacation far from home. 17. It will be a big surprising for them.18. I had many wonderful experience, but I also had a sad one. 19. I learned from my teacher that a nearby company was looking for studentswith good handwriting to write address on envelope. 20. such as the relationship be

8、tween parents and children in a lot of American family21. I stayed here for one and a half hour 22. I plan to make friend with them.23. They take him lots of good book and fresh fruit. 24.When I was in high school, most of my friend had bicycles.25. One rainy day while I was walking home with one of

9、 my friend.26. He agreed to read my story and give me some advices on how to write like a real writer. 27. she never seemed to care what the rest of us thought about her like the rest of my classmate.28. He begged my parents to stay another couple of day. 29.Tom was having much troubles getting up i

10、n the morning. 30. We enjoy charting and we usually talk a lot about our own family.31. I was playing at my cousin house. 32. It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.33. I came across a crew making a new film with one of my favourite actor.34.From the time I was about four until I was ab

11、out six, I destroyed each of my toy35.Every one of us can make a great efforts to cut down the use of energy in our country. 36. We, as well as animal, cannot live without water.37. we enjoyed several local dish.38.Mom, I know I have never expressed my thank to you. 39.You told me the name of differ

12、ent plants40. There was a long line of traffic for at least six mile.41. I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week.动词一、 谓语动词的时态和语态1. 错用时态最常见的时态错误就是一般现在时和一般过去时态之间的转换He said he has already finished his homework.2. 误用语态最常见的语态错误是漏掉be动词/ 不该用被动语态的情况却用了I know the boy who invited to the party by

13、the girl last night.3. 人称和数的错误He work in an international company.1. At that time, we often spend time together.2. An English lady was decided that she really should learn to drive.3. However, my father had to return to work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon.4. The kid was asked to go

14、 to school every day by his father.5. Peter is excited to find that his favourite singer appeared on the stage.6. She said it was the best gift she has ever had.7. All your papers must handed in after class.8. He not only came to see me but also give me the ticket.9. When the door was opened, the th

15、ief found running downstairs.10. Mother used to tell me stories till I fall asleep.二、 谓语动词的语气1. 含有should的虚拟语气的误用表示建议（suggest, advise, recommend, propose）、命令（order, command）、请求（request, require, ask, demand, desire）、坚持（insist）等动词后面的从句用虚拟语气：（should）+动词原形It is + 形容词（important, impossible, necessary, na

16、tural, strange, appropriate, advisable, essential, urgent等）+that从句，从句要用：(should) + 动词原形2. 借助于过去表示现在的虚拟语气的误用wish, would rather 后的宾语从句及as if/ though, even if/ though, if only等后面的状语从句要用过去时表示与现在事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。It is time that中的that从句借助于过去时表示与现在事实相反，也可借助于：should+ 动词原形，但should不能省3. 含有if条件从句的虚拟语气三种情况条

17、件从句的谓语主句的谓语与现在事实相反一般过去时（be用were）Should/would/could/might do与将来事实相反一般过去时/should do/ were to doShould/would/could/might do与过去事实相反过去完成时had doneShould/would/could/might have done表示虚拟语气的if条件从句中如果含有should，were或had, 则可以省略if，然后把should, were或had 提前，进行倒装Would he come tomorrow, tell him to ring me up.4. 祈使语气的误

18、用要看主句中是否有谓语动词，如果没有谓语动词，说明位于句子开头的动词应该用祈使语气，即动词原形。1. If she was to live in New York, she wouldnt be able to see her parents often.2. He failed again. If only he has followed his parents advice.3. It is necessary that he informs himself of these rules.4. I wish it is autumn in Beijing all the year arou

19、nd.5. If you come a few minutes earlier, you would have met the famous singer.6. The teacher advised that we made good use of every minute.7. She talked about the place of interest as if she really visited it before.8. The students insisted that they would go to the party with their English teacher.

20、9. I would rather you stay at home instead of going to the cinema.10. I strongly suggest that the whole society pays more attention to food safety.三、 情态动词1. 情态动词基本用法的误用情态动词后用动词原形He said that he could to sing in English.2. 情态动词表示推测时的误用must表示肯定推测；cant/couldnt表示否定推测；may/might/could表示可能性推测；should have d

21、one表示本应该做某事而实际未做；neednt have done表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了3. Need/ dare作实义动词和情态动词的误用Need 和dare 作情态动词多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。Need 和dare作情态动词时，其否定是直接在后面加not；作实义动词时，其否定形式借助于do的适当形式。He doesnt need go there with us.4. Can和be able to的误用Can和be able to不能连用1. Must we hand in the compositions now? - No, you mustnt.2. The tree

22、is dead. You need have watered it yesterday.3. Li Ming is waiting outside. Will he come in?4. It mustnt be him. He has gone to Shanghai on business.5. He neednt to hurry. Theres plenty of time.6. Does he dare say what he thought?7. The boy can is able to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes.8. Mar

23、y can be at home, for she never goes out this time at night.9. Such things ought not be allowed to happen again.四、 动词及短语动词1. 同义词或近义词的误用如take/bring/carry receive/acceptYesterday he received a gift from a girl, but he decided not to receive it.2. 形近动词的误用My brother invented one of his friends to my hom

24、e.3. 连系动词的误用Turn作联系动词，表示变成时，常接表示颜色的形容词，后接名词时，名词前不加冠词Become作联系动词，表示变成时，其后的名词前应加冠词My brother has turned a teacher.4. 某些基本动词的基本用法错误有些动词可以接双宾语：offer, lend, promise, write, show, teach, hand, sell, return, tell, allow, cause, bring, give, read等有些动词不能接双宾语：explain, suggest, announce, declare5. 短语动词的误用有些短语动

25、词中的介词是固定的，有些短语动词中的to是介词，需接doing sth, 有些短语动词中的动词是及物动词或不及物动词下来短语中的to是介词：look forward to, get down to, admit to, be/get used to,stick to, turn to, devote oneself to, be devoted to, pay attention to, apply toHe decided to devote his money to help the poor.1. I entered into a college when I was 20 years

26、old.2. Hope you good health and much happiness every day.3. The boy fell that the child was very weak.4. As soon as I saw him, I knew him though we hadnt seen each other for many years.5. The teacher suggested me that I should work hard.6. The lights grew green and we continued driving.7. Jack got d

27、own to repair the machine after having a break.8. I look forward to visit the famous writer.9. Bring this umbrella with you in case it rains.10. Once a decision has been done, all of us should stick to it.非谓语动词一、 动词不定式1. 动词不定式基本用法的误用接动词不定式作宾语的动词：afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, decide, both

28、er, care, choose, come, dare, demand, desire, determine, expect, elect, hope, fail, happen, hesitate, learn, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wait, wish, undertake2. 动词不定式是否带to的误用后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：使役动词make, let, have和感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, lis

29、ten to, look at, observe等。这类动词用于被动语态时，需要带上to.在had better, would rather, may/might as well, rather than等搭配后，不加to在介词but, except之后，如果其前有动词do的某种形式，其后不定式一般不带to，反之则必须带to，表示“不得不，只能：固定搭配：can not help but, can not choose but, can not but, can but等后面跟不带to的动词不定式3. 动词不定式时态的误用to do表示将来要做某事；to be doing正在做某事；to ha

30、ve done已经做过某事1. He begged my parents to staying another day.2. Im really puzzled what think or say.3. I look forward to see her again in the near future.4. It rained hard, so they couldnt choose but to stay at home.5. To try and fail is better than not try at all.6. The man made all the workers to w

31、ork fifteen hours a day.7. Youll feel like to float on the green ocean.8. He seemed to be talk with his friend when I saw him in the street.9. He can afford buy the famous landscape painting of Qi Baishi.10. Wed better not to miss the chance to enjoy it.二、 动词-ing形式1. 动词-ing形式基本用法的误用直接-ing形式作宾语的动词或动词

32、短语：admit, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forbid, forgive, give up, imagine, mind, miss, pardon, permit, practice, prevent from, put off, risk, suggest, look forward to 固定句型中只用-ing形式：Its no use/good doing sth2. 动词-ing形式与谓语动词的误用3. 动词-ing形式与其他非谓语动词的误用动

33、词-ing形式表示：令人的；动词-ed形式表示:感到的be worth/ want/ require/need后用动词-ing形式的主动式表达被动意义有些动词既可以接动词的不定式也可接动名词，但意思不同1. Live in the countryside makes my life comfortable and relaxing.2. Whats the language speaking in your country?3. On the box was a card say:“ 25 cents each”.4. After finish the work, the workers we

34、nt home.5. He didnt mind being leaving at home.6. It was no use pretend that I had not seen him.7. The man knocked at the door must be our uncle.8. Have read the chapter four times, I finally understood the authors theory.9. Im pleasing to hear it.10. Third, we should find ways to reuse the water us

35、ing in washing.三、 过去分词1.过去分词和现在分词作状语、定语和补足语的误用过去分词表示被动和完成；现在分词表示主动和进行 2. 过去分词表示该动作已经完成，而现在分词的被动形式being done表示该动作正在被执行1. The building being built last year is used as a school.2. Giving more attention, the trees could have grown better.3. He found a break cup on the ground.4. I have soon got used to

36、live without my parents around.5. Heating to one hundred degrees, water will boil.6. The new college graduate insisted on being sending where he was most needed.7. She tried to make herself understand in English.8. The bottle is filling with water.9. The girl interviewed in the office now is my sist

37、er.10. We could hear the sound of the rain and our footsteps mixing with our laughter.11. The students being criticized yesterday are from Class Three.形容词和副词一、 形容词和副词误用形容词多用来修饰名词作定语或放在系动词后作表语；副词多用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，在句子中作状语。二、 形容词和副词比较等级的误用表示同级比较（asas; not as/soas）时， 用形容词或副词的原级；表示两人或两物之间的标记（than）时，用形容

38、词或副词的比较级；表示三者或三者以上程度“最”高或在一个范围之内其中一个“最”时，用形容词或副词最高级三、 副词very的误用1. very不能修饰动词，应用very much; very不能修饰比较级2. very不能修饰worth, 应用well, 即be well worth doing3. very不能与含绝对概念的形容词，如dead, ready, mistaken, right, wrong等连用，应该换成quite四、 同源副词的误用在同源副词中一种副词与其形容词同行，另一种副词是在形容词后加-ly。They watched him close in case he should

39、 escape.五、 同义词或近义形容词的误用如lively, live, alive, living的不同用法1. He is the alive image of his father.2. The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthier in the world.3. They carried out the experiment deeply into the night.4. Whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily.5. The girl doesnt dare

40、to go out at night lonely.6. Still, your happiness makes him happily too.7. As you know, Mary, aged 11, is Johns older sister.8. The girl is looking after her ill mother in hospital.9. He had no time for properly breakfast.10. I think the film is very worth seeing.介词一、 介词的基本用法错误My brother left for t

41、he United States in the morning of July 8.He cut his finger by a sharp knife.二、 介词固定搭配的误用The place is famous as its hot springs三、 同义、近义词的误用between/among except/besidesChina stands for equality between all nations, big or small.Except Tom, another three students will come to help us.1. The secretary

42、told me that the manager was busy and I should come at some other time.2. All the villagers are searching the lost boy.3. We can provide them for wonderful meals.4. According the schedule, they should have arrived yesterday.5. We should make great efforts to cut off the use of energy.6. Firstly, a f

43、riend is someone you can share your secrets.7. From then on, weve kept touch with each other through emails.8. Its very important of you to learn a foreign language.9. Who is the boy dressed a white shirt?10. All of them went to Beijing last summer beside Tom.代词一、 人称代词数和格的误用代替复数名词应用相应的复数人称代词，代替单数名词应

44、用相应的单数人称代词。主格人称代词多在句子中做主语，而宾格人称代词多在句子中作宾语二、 物主代词数和格的误用代替复数名词应用相应的复数物主代词， 代替单数名词应用相应的单数物主代词。形容词性物主代词多在句子中作定语，修饰名词；而名词性物主代词多在句子中作主语、宾语、表语My computer is better than her.三、 反身代词的误用反身代词多用作介词或动词的宾语No one teaches the girl. She teaches her English.四、 不定代词、指示代词的误用both/ either/ all/ neither/ none/ bothother/

45、others/ anotherit/ that/ one/ ones1. The Browns tried his best to help the poor boy.2. The doctor gave him some medicine and told him to take them before he went to bed.3. Im writing to tell you opinion about water saving.4. Your digital camera is quite nice. I want to buy it, too.5. The TV sets made in Japan are better than that made in Germany.第 11 页 共 11 页