山西省2020中考题型完成表格解题技巧课件.ppt

1、题型解读题型解读:考查学生的以下能力：考查学生的以下能力：捕捉信息捕捉信息组织信息组织信息 综合概括信息综合概括信息 文体：说明文和议论文。话题：涉及教育引导（2019），事物介绍（2018）和做法建议（2017）。词数及生词：230296词，生词24个，且均会给出汉语意思。图表结构特点：根据文章条理和脉络，罗列要点，且均是对原文进行总结归纳后的句子，图表形式不固定。命题角度：包含同义转换（含句意转换、词性转换），细节理解题，俗语翻译。但因山西中考题型不固定的特点，考生仍需掌握其他命题角度，如标题归纳题、推理判断题等。考查点：名词、动词、形容词、副词必考点。同时还涉及俗语翻译及连词。所填词中2

2、-3个通过变形而获得答案，1-2个为文中原词。0-1个通过句意转化得出答案，俗语翻译题可通过前后文语境并联系所学语文知识解答。一、一、研表研表：浏览表格，把握主旨浏览表格，把握主旨。要特别关注文章的标题栏及表格左栏的小要特别关注文章的标题栏及表格左栏的小 标题，这样有助于理解短文大意。标题，这样有助于理解短文大意。二、二、读文读文：阅读文章，寻找信息阅读文章，寻找信息。在浏览表格的基础上，仔细阅读文章以捕捉在浏览表格的基础上，仔细阅读文章以捕捉表格内所需信息所在的句子及语境。理解文章的表格内所需信息所在的句子及语境。理解文章的细节信息并将句子作标注。细节信息并将句子作标注。三、三、填表：填表：

3、建立信息，准确转换。建立信息，准确转换。掌握短文细节内容，这是解题的关键。所以掌握短文细节内容，这是解题的关键。所以抓住有效细节，准确填好表格抓住有效细节，准确填好表格。应特别注重应特别注重3C法：法：Copy Change Create.CopyChangeCreate细节理解题细节理解题利用左栏上栏或小标题下利用左栏上栏或小标题下信息定位到原文信息定位到原文动词变名词词性转换主动变被动同义转换题根据语法结构进行适当转换肯定变否定名词变形容词动词变形容词形容词变副词俗语翻译俗语翻译根据前后句对该俗语的解释，根据前后句对该俗语的解释，了解要表达的意思，再结合了解要表达的意思，再结合平日的俗语积

4、累进行翻译，平日的俗语积累进行翻译，注意后面的词数限定。注意后面的词数限定。四、四、核实：核实：再读表格，仔细斟酌核对答案。再读表格，仔细斟酌核对答案。填词完成后，再次读表格，确保所填词汇填词完成后，再次读表格，确保所填词汇符合所在句子语法的需要及上下文语境的要求。符合所在句子语法的需要及上下文语境的要求。目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，以便减少失误。目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，以便减少失误。主要关注词语的词性，名词的单复数，动词主要关注词语的词性，名词的单复数，动词各种形式的转换及词语的大小写等。各种形式的转换及词语的大小写等。Work is helpful to health.Scient

5、ists find that the hard-working people live longer than those who have no jobs.Studies show that the jobless are in poorer health than job-holdersCareer（职业的）women are healthier than housewives Why is work good for health？It is because work keeps people busy，away from lonelinessResearches show that p

6、eople feel unhappy，worried and lonely when they have nothing to doInstead,the happiest people are those who are busy.Many high achievers who love their careens feel they happiest when they are working hard.They work as a bridge between dream and reality,so they have energy every day.By work，people g

7、et to know each otherBy taking part in all kinds of activities，they find friendship and warmthThis is helpful to healthThe loss（丧失）of work means the loss of everything.It affects mans spirit and it will cause more illnesses Besides,work gives one a sense of hope and a sense of achieve-ment.Work make

8、s one feel his value and status（形象)in society.When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow，they are happy beyond（超越）words From the above,we can come to a conclusion:The more you work，the happier and healthier you will beThe imp

9、ortance of workOpinionWork helps people to be 1._.Findings lThose who have no jobs live 2._ than the hard-working people.lCareer women are healthier.ReasonslWork stops people from being 3._ when they feel unhappy.lWork serves as a bridge to help people be 4._ every day.lWork gives people a sense of

10、hope and a sense of 5._Step 1.研表：研表：浏览表格，把握主旨浏览表格，把握主旨。通过浏览表格，明确了文章主题：通过浏览表格，明确了文章主题：Step 2.读文：读文：阅读文章，寻找信息。阅读文章，寻找信息。1.Work is helpful to health.2.Scientists find that the hard-working people live longer than those who have no jobs.3.It is because work keeps people busy,away from loneliness 4.They

11、work as a bridge between dream and reality,so they have energy every day.5.Besides,work gives one a sense of hope and a sense of achievement.工作有益于健康。工作有益于健康。Sept 3.填表：填表：建立信息，准确转换。建立信息，准确转换。1.细节理解题。因为细节理解题。因为be后应加后应加adj.，所以填写，所以填写health的形容的形容词形词形healthy。（Change）2.细节理解题。根据语义，填写细节理解题。根据语义，填写longer的反义词

12、的反义词shorter。（Change）3.细节理解题。因为细节理解题。因为be后应加后应加adj.，所以填写，所以填写loneliness的的形容词形形容词形lonely。（Change）4.细节理解题。因为细节理解题。因为be后应加后应加adj.，所以填写，所以填写energy的形容的形容词形词形energetic。（Change）5.细节理解题。与原文句子一致，所以照抄细节理解题。与原文句子一致，所以照抄achievement。（Copy）The importance of workOpinionWork helps people to be 1._.Findings lThose wh

13、o have no jobs live 2._ than the hard-working people.lCareer women are healthier.ReasonslWork stops people from being 3._ when they feel unhappy.lWork serves as a bridge to help people be 4._ every day.lWork gives people a sense of hope and a sense of 5._Sept 4.核实：核实：再读表格，仔细斟酌核对答案。再读表格，仔细斟酌核对答案。heal

14、thyshorterlonelyenergeticachievementBoys and girls!u Roll up our sleeves to work harder!u Go for it!（2019,山西）As the proverb says,“Your tongue has the power of life and death.”This means that your words have power to finally cause things to happen,even life or death.We may all experience the power of

15、 words in our life,even when we were very young.A child is blamed(责 备)by teachers or parents,and after that,he might probably think of himself as a bad child.Most kids have that experience.They say it is important to praise children four times for each negative(负 面 的)word.Blaming will make things wo

16、rse,while positive words are helpful especially when being in trouble or in need.When we fail the exam,encouraging words from our teachers or parents make us work harder at our lessons.Encouraging words can go quite a long way.They lift people up.For example,encouraging words to someone who is sad c

17、an help them make it through the day.Words can have a powerful effect on your brain.And it will in turn(相 应 地)have a great influence on your action.Everything you do depends on what you choose to do.Its not your parents,your past relationships or your job,but you and only you that are responsible fo

18、r every goal you set.If you have dreams in life,write them down and speak them out.Your words are likely to bring you out something amazing.The Power of WordsYour words have power to finally cause things to happen,even life or death Example 1 59.being blamed,a child may probably think of himself as

19、a bad child.Example 2 Encouraging words make students who cant 60.the exam work harder at lessons.Example 3 Encouraging words help 61.people make it through the day.Words have a powerful effect on your brain,and in turn it influences your action 62.Everything you do depends on the 63.you make.Your w

20、ords are likely to bring out something amazing.59.After【解析】由原文中第二段第二句 A child is blamed(责备)by teachers or parents,and after that he might probably think of himself as a bad child.可知是 after，注意首字母大写。（Change）60.pass【解析】由原文When we fail the exam,encouraging words from our teachers or parents make us work

21、 harder at our lessons.可知是不能通过考试的孩子，fail the exam=cant pass the exam 同义转换。（Change）61.sad【解析】由原文 For example,encouraging words to someone who is sad can help them make it through the day.可知鼓励的话语可以让难过的人撑过艰难的日子。(Copy）62.greatly【解析】由原文Words can have a powerful effect on your brain.And it will in turn(相应

22、地)have a great influence on your action.可知言语可以对人的行为有很大影响。great 形容词转换为副词。（Change）63.choice/choices【解析】由原文 Everything you do depends on what you choose to do.可知此处是choose 动词转换为名词 choice/choices。（Change）Afterpasssadgreatlychoice(s)The Power of WordsYour words have power to finally cause things to happen

23、,even life or death Example 1 59.being blamed,a child may probably think of himself as a bad child.Example 2 Encouraging words make students who cant 60.the exam work harder at lessons.Example 3 Encouraging words help 61.people make it through the day.Words have a powerful effect on your brain,and in turn it influences your action 62.Everything you do depends on the 63.you make.Your words are likely to bring out something amazing.The harder you work,the happier and healthier you will be.Homework:Finish the exercises at Page 207 in the workbook.