教学课件-现在完成时态.ppt

1、教学课件-现在完成时态现在完成时现在完成时 主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语短暂性动词与时间段的关系短暂性动词与时间段的关系have been 与与have gone 比较比较与一般过去时的用法比较与一般过去时的用法比较 现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成主菜单上一页下一页助动词助动词have(hashave(has）+过去分词过去分词 1.肯定句肯定句主语主语+havehave（hashas）过去分词）过去分词 注意：该句式中的注意：该句式中的havehave或或hashas是助动词是助动词，ha

2、shas用于第用于第三三人人称称单单数，其它人称一律用数，其它人称一律用havehave。他已经吃了早饭他已经吃了早饭.现在完成时的句式现在完成时的句式2.否定句否定句主语主语+havent/hasnt过去分词过去分词3.一般一般疑问句疑问句 Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词Yes，主语，主语(代词主格代词主格)+have/hasNo，主语主语+havent/hasntHas he eaten breakfast?Yes,he has.No,he hasnt.He has eaten breakfast.He hasnt eaten breakfast.A:规则变化规则变化直接在原

3、形后直接在原形后+ed work play 词尾是词尾是e时，直接加时，直接加d liked 若词尾为若词尾为“辅音字母加辅音字母加y”，则变，则变y为为i加加ed。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母加末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母加ed.eg：stopped dropped shopped planned preferred chattedcarry-carried study-studied want,work,need,clean like,live,use,movestop,tripdrop plan study,carry,hurry,marryw

4、antedworkedneededcleanedlikedlivedusedmovedstoppedtrippeddroppedplannedstudiedcarriedhurriedmarried上一页下一页ABBAAA ABCABAcost cost costread read readmeet met metcatch caught caughtride rode riddenspeak spoke spokendrink drank drunkeat ate eatencome came comerun ran runbecome became become现在完成时的主要用法现在完成

5、时的主要用法一.表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。上一页下一页He has ever read the book.He has ever read the book.(他读过这本书。)I have already finished my homework.I have already finished my homework.(我已我已经经完成了家庭作完成了家庭作业业。)主菜单 A:这类词常强调动作完成这类词常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续不强调动作的持续 already（已经，还，肯定句）（已经，还，肯定句）yet（否定句，疑问句）（否定句，疑问句）never（从来没有）

6、（从来没有）ever(曾经曾经)twice（两次）（两次）recently(近来）近来）before（句末）（句末）just（刚刚）（刚刚）so far (到目前为止到目前为止)in the last few years (在过去的几年里在过去的几年里)1.He promised to pick me up at the school gate.However.he _ yet.A.didnt arrive B.doesnt arrive C.isnt arriving D.hasnt arrived2.China develops so fast.Thats true.It _ a lot

7、already.A.changes B.changed C.will change D.has changed 3.-Why wont you go to the movie with me,Gina?-Because I _ it twice.A.see B.have seen C.saw D.will see现在完成时态句中常见的时间状语现在完成时态句中常见的时间状语DDB二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延 续到现在的动作或状态,但动作或状态可能仍在继续。上一页下一页She has lived here since has lived here since she was born.she

8、 was born.自从她出生时就一直住在这儿。I have learnt English for more than I have learnt English for more than ten years.ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法主菜单一、forfor一段时间一段时间（two weeks/six months/five daystwo weeks/six months/five days）forfor短语短语表示动作延续多长时间表示动作延续多长时间 。He has taught in this schoolHe has tau

9、ght in this school for four years.for four years.（我们认识有二十年了。）I havent seen her I havent seen her for a long timefor a long time.（我好久没有见到她了。）上一页下一页主菜单二、二、sincesince Mr.Smith has worked here since 1984.（1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。）I have known Daniel since 7 years ago.自从自从7年前我就认识丹尼尔年前我就认识丹尼尔。Hes learned abou

10、t 500 words Hes learned about 500 words since he since he went to college.went to college.（他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词）上一页下一页主菜单一个时间点一个时间点一段时间一段时间ago从句从句选用选用 forfor和和 sincesince填空填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 year

11、s 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several 5.His grandparents have been dead _

12、several years.years.6.Its five years _ we met last time.6.Its five years _ we met last time.forforsincesinceforforsincesinceforforsincesince下一页上一页主菜单非延续性动词与时间段的关系 非延续性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用与时间段连用，这些动词是：等。等。上一页下一页为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的来代替短暂性动词.（如下表）主菜单5.短暂动词和短暂动词和延续动词转换延续动词转换be in/be a/an borrow bor

13、row keep keep buy buy have,have,die die be deadbe dead,begin/start begin/start be onbe on leave leave be away(from),be away(from),come/go come/go be in/at,be in/at,get married get married be marriedbe married join join be inbe in /a member of/a member of arrive arrive be in/atbe in/at下一页上一页主菜单 翻翻 译译

14、 练练 习：习：1.1.我买了这块手表五年了。我买了这块手表五年了。2.2.这位老人已经死了十年了。这位老人已经死了十年了。I I have boughthave bought this watch for five years.this watch for five years.I I have hadhave had this watch this watch forfor five years/five years/sincesince 5 years 5 years ago.ago.The old man The old man has diedhas died for ten yea

15、rs.for ten years.The old man The old man has been deadhas been dead for ten for ten years/since 10 years/since 10 years ago.years ago.WW下一页上一页主菜单 3.3.他已经回来三天了。他已经回来三天了。4.4.我离开家乡已十年了。我离开家乡已十年了。He He has come backhas come back for 3 days.for 3 days.He He has been backhas been back forfor 3 days/3 days

16、/sincesince 3 3 days days agoago.I I have lefthave left hometown for 10 years.hometown for 10 years.I I have been away fromhave been away from hometown for 10 hometown for 10 years.years.WW下一页上一页主菜单改改 错错1.The film has began for an hour.2.I have borrowed this book for two weeks.3.Kitty has bought a b

17、ook since last week.4.Our manager isnt in today.He has been to Guangzhou.been onkeptgone下一页上一页主菜单hadhave been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to 意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。上一页下一页主菜单That man cant be our headmaster,because he has gone to Japan.那个人不是我们的校长，因为他

18、去日本了。I have been to Beijing twice.I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次 -Where is she?-Where is she?-She has gone to Nanjing.-She has gone to Nanjing.她已经去南京了。上一页下一页主菜单C.用用have gone或或 have been1)Where are the boy students?They _ to the school factory.2)Is your father in?No,he _ to Shenzhen._he ever _

19、there before?Yes,he _ there several times 3)He asked me if I _ to Hangzhou before.I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _ never _ to that city before.4)My brother _the Great Wall three times.5)I want to return the book to Jack,but I cant find him.-He _ the library.You can find him th

20、ere.have gonehas gone toHas beenhas beenhave beenhave beenhas been tohas gone to 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。所以它不能和表示调的是现在的情况。所以它不能和表示过去时间状语连用；而一般过去时只单过去时间状语连用；而一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语连生关系，

21、可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。用。He has lived in Beijing since 1999.自自1999年以来他一直住在北京。年以来他一直住在北京。（说明他现在仍然在北京。）（说明他现在仍然在北京。）He lived in Bejing in 1999.在在1999年的时候他在北京住过。年的时候他在北京住过。（现在是否住在北京不知道）（现在是否住在北京不知道）eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他已经买了一本英汉字典。He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他曾买过一本英汉字典。上一页

22、下一页第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：“He bought He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And he an English-Chinese dictionary.And he still has it”“still has it”“过去他买了一本英汉字典，现过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典在他还有这本字典”。第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强 调说明。调说明。主菜单二二.一般过

23、去时一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，常与具体的时间状语连用，现在完成时现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。或无时间状语。1.1.一般过去时的时间状语有一般过去时的时间状语有:yesterday,last yesterday,last week,week,一段时间一段时间ago,in 1980ago,in 1980（过去时（过去时间）间）,in October,just now,a moment ago.,in October,just now,a moment ago.上一页下一页主菜单eg:The plane took off ten minutes

24、 ago.We finished our task last week.上一页主菜单动动 词词 填填 空：空：1._ you already_(clean)the 1._ you already_(clean)the room?room?Yes,we _(do)that already.Yes,we _(do)that already.2 When _ you _(do)it?2 When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it an hour ago We _(do)it an hour ago.HaveHavecleanedcleanedhave donehave donedid

25、diddododiddid下一页上一页主菜单3.I _(read)the novel twice.Its 3.I _(read)the novel twice.Its interesting.interesting.4.She _(go)to Pairs,hasnt she?4.She _(go)to Pairs,hasnt she?Yes.Yes.5.5.How _ she _(go)there How _ she _(go)there yesterday?yesterday?She _(go)there by air.She _(go)there by air.have readhave

26、readhas gonehas gonediddidgogowentwent下一页上一页主菜单动动 词词 填填 空：空：1._ you _(clean)the room?1._ you _(clean)the room?Yes,we _(do)that Yes,we _(do)that alreadyalready.When _ you _(do)it?When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it We _(do)it an hour agoan hour ago.2._ he _(see)this film 2._ he _(see)this film yetyet?Yes.?Yes.When _ he _(see)it?When _ he _(see)it?He _ it He _ it last weeklast week.3.How many times _you_(be)there?3.How many times _you_(be)there?HaveHavecleanedcleanedhave donehave donediddiddododiddidHasHasseenseendiddidseeseesawsawhavehavebeenbeen下一页上一页主菜单