“契诃夫法则”看读后续写隐藏线索的利用课件.pptx

1、从从“契诃夫法则契诃夫法则”看读后续看读后续写写隐藏线索的利用隐藏线索的利用契诃夫（契诃夫（ChekhovChekhov），），1919世纪末俄国伟世纪末俄国伟大的批判现实主义作家，情趣隽永、大的批判现实主义作家，情趣隽永、文笔犀利的幽默讽刺大师，短篇小说文笔犀利的幽默讽刺大师，短篇小说之王，著名戏剧作家。他创作态度严之王，著名戏剧作家。他创作态度严谨，重视文学的写生，笔下一草一木谨，重视文学的写生，笔下一草一木无不栩栩如生，刻画心理亦往往入木无不栩栩如生，刻画心理亦往往入木三分，是世界短篇小说巅峰之一，并三分，是世界短篇小说巅峰之一，并成为短篇小说的代名词。成为短篇小说的代名词。Chekho

2、v 1860-1904契诃夫法则是一种文学技巧，在故事早期出现的某契诃夫法则是一种文学技巧，在故事早期出现的某一元素，直至最后才显现出它的重要性。一元素，直至最后才显现出它的重要性。换言之，在故事开头出现过的物品一定要在后面换言之，在故事开头出现过的物品一定要在后面的故事情节中用到，否则，它就不应该出现。的故事情节中用到，否则，它就不应该出现。“契诃夫法则契诃夫法则”对读后续写的启示对读后续写的启示1.1.故事前面隐藏的线索为故事后续的发展指明了方向；故事前面隐藏的线索为故事后续的发展指明了方向；2.2.在阅读故事时应重视隐藏的线索；在阅读故事时应重视隐藏的线索；3.3.隐藏的线索在后续的故事

3、发展中应有所交代。隐藏的线索在后续的故事发展中应有所交代。课例（读后续写讲评课）课例（读后续写讲评课）Cookie Thief It was late and raining heavily one night.A young woman was waiting for her flight at an airport.She was leaving for London because she got a new job there.It was said that her new boss was a typical English gentlemanpolite,modest,humor

4、ous and considerate.She was excited as well as a little nervous about her new life.With several long hours before her flight,the woman hunted for a book in the airport shops,bought a packet of cookies and found a place to sit.She took out a book and started to read.Although she was absorbed in her b

5、ook,she happened to see that the man sitting beside her,as bold as he could be,grabbed a cookie or two from the bag in between them.Educated to be well-mannered,she tried to ignore it to avoid an argument.But to show that she was the owner,she started to take cookies from that bag too.Unfortunately,

6、the man didnt get that hint（暗示）,since he didnt stop grabbing the cookies.“How annoying!”She thought.As the greedy cookie thief kept eating,the woman munched(用力咀嚼)some cookies and watched the clock.She was getting angrier as the minutes went by,thinking,“If I werent so nice,I would blacken his eyes.”

7、With each cookie she took,he took one,too;when only one was left,she wondered what he would do.With a smile on his face,and a nervous laugh,he took the last cookie and broke it in half.He offered her a half,and ate the other.She grabbed it from him,glared at him and thought,“Oh,brother.This guy has

8、some nerve and he is so rude!Why he didnt even show any gratefulness?”She had never known when she had been so angry,and sighed in relief when her flight was called.She gathered her belongings and headed to the gate quickly,refusing to look back at the rude thief.She boarded the plane,sank in her se

9、at,and looked for her book,which was almost complete.1.hunt for a book:search for a book2.bold-bolder-boldest:大胆的，敢于冒险的3.grab vt/vi-bb-抓住，攫取 grab sth(from sb/sth):seize grab hold of me/my arms：抓住我/我的胳膊 grab at sth：抓住，利用（机会）4.get that hint=take a/the hint:领会某人的暗示5.munch/mnt/(on/at)sth 大声咀嚼6.blacken h

10、is eyes：打肿他的眼睛 blacken sbs name/reputation:玷污某人的名声5.break/cut/tear sth in half:把某物分成/切成/撕成两半6.sigh in relief：let out a sigh of relief=breathe in relief7.head to the gate:走向登机口 =be headed 朝 前进，向去:+for/towards/back etc The ship was heading for Cuba.船正驶向古巴。Its about time we were heading home.我们该起身回家了。h

11、ead north/south etc We headed south towards the capital.我们朝南向首都进发。Where are you guys headed?你们要去哪儿？8.sink in her seatI 倒下;颓然坐下尤因非常疲倦或虚弱:+into/to/down/back etc She let out a groan and sank into a chair.她呻吟了一声，颓然倒进椅子里。gentleman；the woman;a packet of cookies;the man;cookie thief;a nervous laugh;ate;tho

12、ught;rude;the planegentleman;the woman;the man;cookie thiefa packet of cookie;a nervous laugh;the planeate;thoughtrudeWhich underlined words will you choose?Why?Divide the underlined words into 4 groups:The underlined words most likely to be usedthe womanthe mancookie thiefa packet of cookiesthe pla

13、neimportant objectmain charactersimportant nameplace where the story would go onRead the story again and find out two hidden clues in it.Its said that her new boss was a typical English gentleman-polite,modest,humorous and considerate.The woman thought that man was a cookie thief and she was angry w

14、ith him.Thinking：When and where would she meet her new boss?How would she meet him?In fact,the man was not a cookie thief and the woman made a mistake.That was a misunderstanding.Thinking：How would the story go on to bring it to light?Reverse 反转反转The hidden clues in the given partShe would meet her

15、new boss.She would find that not the man but herself was a cookie thief.Trends in the storys development Paragraph 1 As she reached in her baggage,she gasped(喘气喘气)with surprise._Para 2：With several long hours before her flight,the woman hunted for a book in the airport shops,bought a packet of cooki

16、es and found a place to sit.She took out a book and started to read.NOT cookiesShe would find that the man was not a cookie thief but herself.She would feel guilty and wanted to apologize to the man.The hidden clues in the given sentencesParagraph 2 Surprisingly,she found the man sitting just behind

17、 her._It was said that her new boss was a typical English gentleman polite,modest,humorous and considerate.The hidden clues in the given sentencesShe knew that the man was her new boss by accident.She apologized to the man.How to describe the womans feeling（anger）#tried to ignore it to avoid an argu

18、ment.#“How annoying!”She thought.#munched some cookies and watched the clock.#thinking,“If I werent so nice,I would blacken his eyes.”#She grabbed it from him,glared at him and thought,”Oh,brother Why he didnt even show any gratefulness?”#She had never known when she had been so angry,and sighed in

19、relief when#and headed to the gate quickly,refusing to look back at the rude thief.action and body languagefacial expressionssubjunctive mood(虚拟语气虚拟语气)-（wish，guilt，regret）exclamatory sentences(感叹句感叹句)and questionsPolish your writingA sample As she reached into her baggage,she gasped with surprise.Sh

20、e found a packet of cookies lying in her handbag.It had been only a few seconds before she realized that she herself was the real cookie thief.Feeling extremely ashamed,the woman covered her mouth with her hands.How she wished that she hadnt eaten the mans cookies so carelessly.She looked around to

21、make sure that nobody noticed her unusual behaviors.gasp/gsp/at sth 喘气 Surprisingly,she found the man sitting just behind her.What made the atmosphere more delicate was that the man apparently recognized her.Her face was mottled red and white with embarrassment and she made an apology to him.He grin

22、ned amiably at her,saying,“Im glad you like it.”After the plane arrived,the woman hurried to see her new boss.What a coincidence!He was the very gentleman.1.delicate/delikt/adj.易碎的，脆弱的，纤细的，精美的，微妙的，熟练的2.mottled/mtld/adj.斑驳的，杂色的3.grin at sb -nn-露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑4.amiably adv.amiable/eimibl/adj.和蔼可亲的instinctive/instiktiv/adj.本能的hasty/heisti/匆忙的，草率的indulge/indld/v in sth;yourself with sth 沉湎，沉迷，沉溺于enormous/inms/巨大的dumbfounded/dmfaundid/惊呆了的sense her embarrassmentthe previously assumed“cookie thief”别忘了：故事隐藏的线索！别忘了：故事隐藏的线索！