Unit1 Discovering useful structures （ppt课件） -2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、人教版（2019）英语 必修二Lead-inDiscovering the rulesStudying the rulesApplying the rules010402031.There comes a time when the old must give way to the new,2.After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem,and citizens who lived near the dam,the government turned to the United Nations for help i

2、n 1959.3.,and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.4.Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past,attributive clauses introduced by _ relative pronounsattributive clauses introduced by _ relative a

3、dverbsLead-inLead-in01Look at the sentences below and underline the relative pronouns and adverbs.After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem,and citizens who lived near the dam,the government turned to the United Nations for help.Temples and other cultural sites were taken down pi

4、ece by piece,and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.Discovering the rulesDiscovering the rules02Find more sentences containing relative clauses from the text on page 4.There comes a time when the old must give way to the new.Water from the dam would

5、 likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypts cultural heritage.Discovering the rulesDiscovering the rules02Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO,which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disa

6、ppearing.Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past,Discovering the rulesDiscovering the rules02Studying the rulesStudying the rules根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。1.限制性定语从句1）关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as 关系副词：where,when,why

7、2）从句和主句的关系紧密，中间不用逗号隔开。3）定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整。限制性定语从句与非限定定语从句Studying the rulesStudying the rules032.非限定定定语从句1）关系代词：which,who,whom,whose,as 关系副词：where,when,why2）从句和主句关系不紧密，去掉从句，主句意思仍完整：3）从句和主句之间用逗号隔开。My new car,_I paid several thousand pounds for,is not running well.He is English,_I know

8、 from his accent.whichwhich限制性定语从句与非限定定语从句Studying the rulesStudying the rules03限制性定语从句与非限定定语从句的区别1）功能不同：与先行词的关系能否去掉限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语不可去掉，否则主句意义不完整非限制定语从句对先行词补充说明可去掉，去掉后主句意思仍完整。My elder sister _has settled in Beijing sends me e-mail almost every day.My elder sister,_has settled in Beijing,sends

9、 me e-mail almost every day.Who/thatWhoStudying the rulesStudying the rules03限制性定语从句紧跟在先行词后，不用逗号隔开非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开2)形式不同He is the man_has been removed from the company.The project,_lasted three years,cost no less than 1billion dollars.whowhichStudying the rulesStudying the rules033)先行词不同先行词限定性定语从句名词

10、、代词或名词性短语非限定性定语从句名词、代词或名词性短语或整个句子This is the best novel that I have ever read.The novel,_I read last night,is very interesting.She said she had finished her work,_ I doubted very Much.whichwhichStudying the rulesStudying the rules03as引导限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句用在固定搭配asas，soas，such.as，the sameas中。The world ha

11、s been changing at such a high speed as no one has expected.。Such a meeting _ is being held is very important.He is not the same man _we knew before.as as Studying the rulesStudying the rules03as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个句子的内容。先行词：名词，整个或句子，As的句法功能：做主语、宾语或表语。as引导的定语从句的固定用法。as we all know(as is known to us或或as

12、is well known)as is reportedas is often the caseas is expectedas has been said before众所周知据报道情况常常如此正如期望的那样如前所述Studying the rulesStudying the rules03as 引导的非限定定语从句which引导非限制性定语从句位置：which 只能放在主句后面位置：as可以放在主句之前，可以放在句中，也可以放在句末。含义：which 在句子没有含义as译为“正如.”He said he had never seen her before,which was not tru

13、e.Air,as we know,is a gas.=As we know,air is a gas.=Air is a gas,as we knowStudying the rulesStudying the rules03使用定语从句需要注意的事项1.定语从句中的主谓一致问题 1）定语从句中的关系代词做主语时，从句谓语要与先行词的人称、数一致。Is he the man _wants to see you?2)as,which 做主语引导非限定性定语从句，指全句时，从句谓语动词用单数。As _(be)usual,he came to school late this morning.Liq

14、uid water changes to vapor,_is called evaporation.who/thatiswhichStudying the rulesStudying the rules033).先行词为“one of the+复数名词”时，关系代词从句主语，谓语用复数。Freddy is one of the students who _(want)to be diplomats in our class.4).先行词为“the one of the+复数名词”时，关系代词从句主语，谓语用单数。He is the(only)one of the students who _(

15、have)been a winner of scholarship for 3 years.wanthasStudying the rulesStudying the rules03Rewrite the sentences using relative Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses.clauses.1.He showed me a photo in his room.It was a photo of a famous cultural relic in Egypt.The photo that/which he showed me

16、 in his room was a photo of a famous cultural relic in Egypt.I have downloaded that free app,but it doesnt work well.The free app(which/that)I have downloaded doesnt work well.vt.&n.下载Studying the rulesStudying the rules032.The project team helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of

17、 Tanzania.It was formed by members from fifteen countries.The project team that/who helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania was formed by members from fifteen countries.3.This temple was first built during the Qin Dynasty.The time when this temple was first built is Qin

18、Dynasty.Studying the rulesStudying the rules034.We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid.He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.The professional archaeologist that/who/whom we met at the entrance to the Great Pyramid explained to us the

19、process of building such a difficult structure.adj.&n.职业的;专业人员n.入口;进入n.过程vt.处理;加工Studying the rulesStudying the rules035.The documents about the cultural relics from overseas are under the desk.I found them yesterday.The place where I found the documents about the cultural relics from overseas yeste

20、rday are under the desk.adj.海外的adv.在海外Studying the rulesStudying the rules036.Scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple because they wanted to preserve it for the next generation.The reason why scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple is that they wanted to p

21、reserve it for the next generation.Studying the rulesStudying the rules03Play a game of definitions.One asks the questions below and the other answers them with relative clauses.Work out two more questions of your own.A:What is an exit?B:An exit is the door where/through which you can leave a buildi

22、ng.v.&n.出去;出口Applying the rulesApplying the rules041.Whats a library?(from/in which;where)A:What is a library?B:A library is the place from which you can borrow books.B:A library is the place in which you study.B:A library is the place where you read books.Applying the rulesApplying the rules042.Wha

23、ts a good friend?(to whom;who)A:What is a good friend?B:A good friend is the person to whom you can turn for help.B:A good friend is the person who always takes your side.B:A good friend is the person who you always remember.Applying the rulesApplying the rules043.Whats a vacation?(during which;when

24、)A:What is a vacation?B:A vacation is the days during which no one has to go to work or school.B:A vacation is one of the periods of time when a university is closed.B:A vacation is the days during which you enjoy freedom.Applying the rulesApplying the rules044.Whats a football coach?(from whom;who)

25、A:What is a football coach?B:A football coach is someone who trains a person or team in a sport.B:A football coach is someone from whom we can learn a lot physical skills.B:A football coach is someone who gives private lessons to someone in a particular subject.Applying the rulesApplying the rules04