形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则小结课件.ppt

1、Grammar Focus(二二)形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级 comparatives and superlatives with adj.and adv.short-shortersmall-smallernicenicersafesafer-bigthinheavyheavierhappyhappierbigbiggerthinthinnerdelicious more delicious interesting more interesting important more important carefully-more carefully quickly-more

2、quickly slowly-more slowlyeasily-more easily大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级原级、比较级、最高级。一、一、形容词比较级的构成形容词比较级的构成 1.1.构成的不规则变化构成的不规则变化:2.2.构成的规则变化构成的规则变化:1.构成的不规则变化构成的不规则变化:e.g.good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest

3、2.构成的规则变化构成的规则变化:1)单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾 后加后加-er 构成比较级构成比较级 或或-est构成最高级构成最高级.如：如：原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级 cold colder coldest bright brighterbrightest young younger youngest2)以字母以字母 e 结尾的词只加结尾的词只加 r 或或-st 构成构成 比较级比较级和和最高级最高级。原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级 nice nicer nicest fine finer finest large larger la

4、rgest3)重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时时,先双写这个辅音字母先双写这个辅音字母,再加再加-er或或-est。如如:big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest 4)以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，结尾的双音节词，先改先改y为为i,再加再加-er或或-est。如：。如：easy easier easiest happy happier happiest5)多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more 或或most。如：。如：delicious more delicious most

5、delicious interesting more interesting most interesting importantmore important most importantcarefully-more carefully-most carefullyquickly-more quickly-most quicklyslowly-more slowly-most slowlyeasily-more easily-most easily形容词形容词最高级最高级的构成的构成A:tall short quick thick light cool warm quiet wild calm

6、 the-esttalltallertallestB:heavy easy tidy dry busy happy healthy hungry earlyy-i-estC:large late nice-st biggestD:bighothottestthin “双写双写”thinnestwet wettest fatfattestAdjective delicious dangerous interesting popular beautiful careful friendly the most-adj.Adjective better best farlittle worse wor

7、stmore mostfarther farthestless leastgoodwellbadbadlymany much 1.good fortable 3.big 4.happy 5.cheap 6.many 7.difficult 8.little better best more comfortable most comfortable bigger biggest happier happiest cheaper cheapest more most more difficult most difficult less least1.用法：英语中三者或三者以上相比较，表示用法：英语

8、中三者或三者以上相比较，表示“最最”这样的最高程度概念时，要用这样的最高程度概念时，要用“the+最高级最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般带有表的结构表示。这种句式一般带有表示比较的介词短语，比如示比较的介词短语，比如:in our class,of the three 等。等。例如：例如：Wang Lin is the tallest in our class.This theater is the cheapest of the three.注意使用最高级时应注意以下几点：注意使用最高级时应注意以下几点：形容词的最高级形容词的最高级 (1)表示表示“最最之一之一”的句式，要用的句式，要用 o

9、ne of the +形容词最高级形容词最高级+复数名词。复数名词。例如例如:Jingjiang Hotel is one of the biggest hotels in our city.Lisa is not one of my best friends.(2)当最高级前面有物主代词或名词所有格时，当最高级前面有物主代词或名词所有格时，不加定冠词不加定冠词 the。例如：例如：Tom is Lucys best friend.Tuesday is her busiest day.(3)最高级前可加序数词。最高级前可加序数词。例如：例如：The Yellow River is the se

10、cond longest river in China.(4)形容最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词，形容最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词，代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。例如：例如：He is the laziest(student)in our class.2.形容词比较级和最高级的构成形容词比较级和最高级的构成(1)规则变化规则变化a.一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词比较级一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词比较级直接加直接加-er,最高级直接加最高级直接加-est。如：。如：clevercleverercleverest cheapcheapercheapest

11、fewfewerfewest smallsmallersmallest youngyoungeryoungest b.以以-e 结尾的形容词，比较级结尾的形容词，比较级+-r,最高级最高级+-st。如：。如：largelargerlargest nicenicernicest cutecutercutestc.以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变结尾的形容词，变y为为i+er或或+est。busybusierbusiest heavyheavierheaviest easyeasiereasiest happyhappierhappiest dirtydirtierdirtiestd.以重

12、读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母结以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母结 尾的词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加尾的词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加+er或或 +est。如：如：bigbiggerbiggest thinthinnerthinnest fatfatterfattest hothotterhotteste.多音节和部分双音节形容词，需在原级前多音节和部分双音节形容词，需在原级前+more 构成比较级，构成比较级，+most 构成最高级。如：构成最高级。如：importantmore importantmost important beautifulmore beautiful mo

13、st beautiful difficultmore difficultmost difficult 3.不规则变化：不规则变化：原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst little less least many/much more most far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest最高级规则变化口诀最高级规则变化口诀：最高级，很容易，一般词尾加最高级，很容易，一般词尾加est。(cheap-the cheapest)词尾

14、若有哑音词尾若有哑音e,直接就加直接就加st。(close-the closest)重读闭音节重读闭音节,单辅音字母要双写。单辅音字母要双写。(big-the biggest)辅音字母加辅音字母加y,记得把记得把y变为变为i。(friendly-the friendliest)多音节，考考你，多音节，考考你，the most到底加哪里？到底加哪里？(popular-the most popular)1.We are going to the Green Restaurant for lunch.(就划线部分提问就划线部分提问)_ you going for lunch?2.Sam is the shortest in his class.(改为同义句改为同义句)Sam is _ than _ _ student in his class.Sam is _ than _ _ students in his class.Sam is _ than_ _ in his class.3.How do you like Screen City?(改为同义句改为同义句)_ do you _ Screen City?Where areshorterany otherWhatthink ofshorterthe otheranyone elseshorter练习：改写句子练习：改写句子