经典Individualism-and-collectivism集体主义与个人主义整理课件.ppt

1、 Collectivism Group Members:Scott Sofia Mike Alan课件 When we talk about collectivisim，we must talk about individualism.Collectivisim is related to individualism.Collectivisim and individualism have different performences in Western and Eastern cultures.课件Contents11 A General Introduction of Individua

2、lism and Collectivism12Manifestation of Individualism and Collectivism4 A comprehensive appraisal of Individualism and Collectivism 3Comparison between western Individualism and Chinese Collectivismconclusion5课件A General Introduction of Individualism and Collectivism课件Case 1Westerns would pay more a

3、ttention to fishes;Easterns would pay more attention to the context.Fish tank课件Case 2Americans:A+CChinese:B+CA.Chicken B.Hay C.Cattle 课件1.what is individualism?Individualism pertains to societies in which the ties between individuals are loose.Everyone is expected to look after himself or herself an

4、d his or her immediate family.课件2.what is collectivism?Collectivism pertains to societies in which people from birth onwards are integrated into strong cohesive in-groups,which throughout peoples lifetime continue to protect them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty.课件U.S.A1 China36Australia2Peru37

5、Great Britain3Pakistan38Canada4Colombia39Netherlands 5Venezuela40Ranking of Individualism课件Manifestation of Individualism and Collectivism课件Self-reliance4Personal equality3Self-expression5Manifestations of IndividualismPersonal privacy1Personal freedom2课件Group unity and harmony1Group-orientates4Loya

6、lty,conformity，humility5Group goals2Hierarchy and interdependence3Manifestations of Collectivism课件The Comparison Between Western individualism and Chinese collectivism课件Attitudes and Attitudes and behaviorsbehaviorsIndividualismIndividualismCollectivismCollectivismSelfSelfEach person is separate fro

7、m ach person is separate from each other;children learn to each other;children learn to think in terms of think in terms of“I I”Each person is part of a ach person is part of a group;children learn to group;children learn to think in terms of think in terms of“wewe”IdentityIdentityIdentity is based

8、on the Identity is based on the individualindividualIdentity is based on the Identity is based on the social networksocial networkCommunicationCommunicationLow-contextLow-contextHigh-contextHigh-contextSocial valueSocial valueSpeak your mind and tell the peak your mind and tell the truthtruthMaintai

9、n harmony and avoid aintain harmony and avoid confrontationsconfrontationsDecision-makingDecision-makingPersonal freedom is more ersonal freedom is more importantimportantEquality is more important Equality is more important than personal freedomthan personal freedomGroup membershipGroup membershipF

10、ellow universal rules;Fellow universal rules;The he decision-making process is decision-making process is importantimportantFulfill obligations to in-ulfill obligations to in-group members;relationships group members;relationships are importantare importantConformityConformityThe individual belongs

11、to many he individual belongs to many groups but his attachment to groups but his attachment to them is relatively weakthem is relatively weakThe individual belongs to he individual belongs to few groups but feels few groups but feels strongly attached to themstrongly attached to them课件Behavior towa

12、rd ehavior toward In-group andn-group andOut-group ut-group membersmembersGroup has relatively little Group has relatively little influence on the behavior of influence on the behavior of group membersgroup membersGroup greatly influence the Group greatly influence the behavior of membersbehavior of

13、 membersRelationships Relationships withwithgroup membersgroup membersRelatively little difference elatively little difference in behavior toward in-group in behavior toward in-group and out-group membersand out-group membersBig difference between in-ig difference between in-group and out-group memb

14、ersgroup and out-group membersCompetitionCompetitionLess intimate with in-groups ess intimate with in-groups and less hostile to out-and less hostile to out-groupsgroupsCooperate with members of ooperate with members of in-groups but not with in-groups but not with members of out-groupsmembers of ou

15、t-groupsCooperationCooperationOccurs within groups as well ccurs within groups as well as between groupsas between groupsCooperate with members of ooperate with members of in-groups but not with in-groups but not with members of out-groupsmembers of out-groupsStrangersStrangersValue meeting new peop

16、le;Value meeting new people;meet them easilymeet them easilyFormal and distant with ormal and distant with strangersstrangersSelf-relianceSelf-relianceIt is a pleasure to do as t is a pleasure to do as much by yourself as possiblemuch by yourself as possiblePeople depend on each other eople depend o

17、n each other but should not burden in-but should not burden in-group members unnecessarilygroup members unnecessarilyTypical Typical relationship relationship patternpatternShort-term,hort-term,Voluntary,Less intensive relationshipess intensive relationshipLong-term,Long-term,Involuntary,nvoluntary,

18、More intensive ore intensive relationshiprelationship课件Western idioms and phrasesGod helps those who help themselves.All men are created equal.Self-made Self-absorption Self-admiration Self-centeredSelf-fulfilling课件Chinese Idioms and Phrases 先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐 天下兴亡，匹夫有责 精忠报国，死而无憾 循规蹈矩 克己守道 三纲五常 贵有自知之明

19、人言可畏（死要面子）课件Different Opinions on FamilyDifferent Opinions on Thinking patternDifferent Opinions on behavior patternDifferent Opinions on interpersonal communication课件In terms of thinking pattern Individualism and collectivisim lead to different thinking patterns between westerns and Chinese.For exa

20、mple,when donating,Chinese people consider it as a very glorious event because they think they make a contribution to the poor and country.While when westerns encounter the same situation,they will make a decision according to their facts.They will do if they have enough money,which they recon is be

21、nefical for themselves.课件In terms of behavior pattern Different values cause different actions between Chinese and westerns.When getting into troubles,Chinese people always ovey the saying look before you leap.However westerns can make a quick decision independently that is always offensive.课件In ter

22、ms of interpersonal communication.For foreigners deal with official business involving personal emotions.Every one is equal is their principle.However Chinese people are striving for guanxi and mianzi at any moment.In Chinese culture,harmony is the first.课件A comprehensive appraisal of Individualism

23、and Collectivism课件AdvantagesPolitics Democracy in AmericaEconomy The thriving economicCulture Personal HeroismSocial life Personal desire comes firstExcessive disparities in wealthThe existence of racial discriminationOther social problemsDrug,Crime,Violence,HomosexualityDisadvantagesIndividualism课件

24、AdvantagesCommunity spirit CooperateEconomy The thriving economicCulture Collective heroismSocial life One makes comtributions to group Not everyone has the team spiritHierarchy and personal inequality Leaders use public power for private gainSelfish in human natureTry to lazy and reduce payment as

25、principleDisadvantagesCollectivism课件conclusion Individualism and collectivism are just differentcultural values between China and western countries.We can not judge whether the two values are good or not briefly.No matter the individualism or the collectivisim，there are advantages and disadvantages about team.As the saying goes,existance means reasonable,what we should do is to respect the two kinds of values and learn them well课件Thank you课件