高中英语定语从句-关系代词引导的定语从句(共57张PPT).pptx

1、定语从句（一）关系代词引导的定语从句 Revision 划分下列句子成分。1.An earthquake happened in Tangshan.2.Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.3.At 3:42 am everything began to shake.4.Some people saw bright lights in the sky.5.The gas smells smelly.思考1.什么是定语？修饰名词或代词的句子成分是定语。总结：1.是否只有形容词能做定语？2.定语在句中

2、的位置有什么规律？找出下列句子中的定语 1.Strange things were happening in the countryside.2.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.3.Some people saw bright lights in the sky.4.More buildings fell down.5.All hope was not lost.6.Fresh water was taken to the city by train,truck and plane.7.The woman in the room is my mother

3、.8.People there are very kind to me.9.The girl with a book in her hand is Mary.10.The coffee cup is on the table.总结：1.是否只有形容词能做定语？2.定语在句中的位置有什么规律？形容词，名词，代词，短语.单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，多个词作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面 短语短语.1.这个男人是杰克船长。2.这个男人正在奔跑。The man is Captain Jack.The man is running.这个正在奔跑的男人是杰克船长。The man who who is

4、 running is Captain Jack.1.一群人正在追赶一个男人。2.这个男人叫杰克船长。A group of people is running after a man.The mans name is Captain Jack.一群人正在追赶一个叫杰克船长的男人。A group of people is running after a man whosewhose name is Captain Jack.定语从句定义:在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。定语从句一般位于先行

5、词后。The man who is running is Captain Jack.先行词关系代词先行词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。一般分为人和物。关系词关系词：引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词，其中whowho、whom,whose,that,whichwhom,whose,that,which称为关系代词It was felt in Beijing,which is more than two hundred kilometers away.二百多公里外二百多公里外的的北京都能感觉到这场地震。北京都能感觉到这场地震。A huge crack that was eight kilome

6、ters longs and thirty metres wide cut across houses,roads and canals.一条一条8公里长公里长30米宽米宽的的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.伤亡伤亡的的人数超过人数超过40 万。万。Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.救援人员为那些家园被毁救援人员为那些家

7、园被毁的的幸存者盖起了避难所。幸存者盖起了避难所。Do you want a friend whomwhom you could tell everything to?你想要一个你可以把一切都告诉他的朋友吗？关系代词的作用 1.连接主从句 2.代替先行词 3.在从句中充当成分关系代词的选择先行词先行词：人 物关系词关系词：whowho、whom whose that whichwhom whose that which1，whoThe boys who are singing are TFboys.The boys are TFboys.The boys are singing.The boy

8、s who are singing are TFboys.分析：先行词是_,关系代词是_，指_(人或物）在从句中作_成分。the the boysboyswhowho人人 主语主语1，whoYou neednt talk to the people who you dont like.You neednt talk to the people.You dont like the people.You neednt talk to the people who you dont like.分析：先行词是_,关系代词是_，指_(人或物）在从句中作_成分。the peoplethe peoplewh

9、owho人人 宾语宾语总结：who 在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，做宾语是可以省略。1.God helps those who help themselves.2.He who laughs last laughs best.3.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.1.God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助之。2.He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not

10、 a true man.不到长城非好汉。1，whomThe lady is my teacher.I met the lady yesterday.The lady The lady（whomwhom）I met yesterday is my teacher.I met yesterday is my teacher.The lady（whom）I met yesterday is my teacher.分析：先行词是_,关系代词是_，指_(人或物）在从句中作_成分。the ladythe ladywhomwhom人人 宾语宾语Summary:whom引导的定语从句中，先行词是 人，在定语从

11、句中作宾语,通常可以省略。1.I took piano lessons from a woman.The woman is my mothers friend.2.Yesterday I visited an old friend.I hadnt seen him for years.I took piano lessons from a woman I took piano lessons from a woman whowho is is my mothers friendmy mothers friend.Yesterday Yesterday I visitedI visited an

12、 old friend an old friend whomwhom I hadnt I hadnt seen for years.seen for years.用who，whom填空1.The foreigner_ visited our class is from Canada.2.The girl _ you just met is a friend of mine.3.The person with_ you just communicated is Mr Li.4.Mrs Green is the person_ you should write to.whowhomwhomwhom

13、3，whichThe earthquake is extreme.The earthquake happened in Tangshan.The earthquake which happened in Tangshan is extreme.The earthquake which happened in Tangshan is extreme.The earthquake which happened in Tangshan is The earthquake which happened in Tangshan is extreme.extreme.作主语作主语The book(whic

14、h)my father read is interesting.作宾语作宾语WhichWhich先行先行词是词是物物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。语时常可省略。The apple is mine.The apple is mine.The apple is yours.The apple is small.The apple is big.?which is redwhich is greenwhich is redwhich is green4.thatI have a friend.The friend likes listening to

15、classical music.I have a friend that likes listening to classical music.I have a friend that likes listening to classical music.Yesterday I received a letter that cam from Australia.The house(that)my father would like to buy is expensive （人人/主语）主语）(物物/主语主语）（物物/宾语宾语）that即可指人也可指物，指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，

16、相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。I have a friend I have a friend thatthat likes listening to classical music.likes listening to classical music.4.whoseThe room is mine.The rooms window faces south.The room whose window faces south is mine.The room whose window faces south is mine.The girl whose dress

17、is red is my sister.（物物/定定语）语）(人人/定定语）语）The The room room whosewhose window faces south is mine window faces south is mine.A group of people is running after a man whosewhose name is Captain Jack.用who，whom,whose填空1.The boy _ has a lot of friends is lucky.2.Linda is a girl_ friends depend on her.3.Th

18、e person _ you just mentioned is Mr Li.4.The house _ window is broken is mine.who whosewhomwhoseA plane is a machine that can fly.The noodles that I cooked were delicious.Lets ask the man that is reading the book.The girl that we saw yesterday is Jimsister.（主语（主语/物）物）(宾语宾语/物）物）（主语（主语/人）人）（宾语宾语/人）人）t

19、hat即可指人也可指物 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。-38-预习导引核心归纳Section Learning about Language核心归纳12考点三 定语从句只能由that引导的情况(1)先行词是anything,everything,nothing,few,all,none,little等词,或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时。Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said?你记下李先生说的每句话了吗?All

20、 that can be done has been done.所有能做的事情都已经做了。There is little that I can do for you.我几乎不能为你做什么。注意:当先行词指人时,也可以用who。Any man that/who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。-39-预习导引核心归纳Section Learning about Language核心归纳12(2)先行词被序数词修饰时。The first place that they visited in London was B

21、ig Ben.他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。(3)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。This is the best film that I have seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。-40-预习导引核心归纳Section Learning about Language核心归纳12(4)先行词被the very,the only 等修饰时。This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.这正是我想买的词典。After the fire in his house,the old car is the only thing that he owned

22、.他家发生火灾之后,那辆旧汽车成了他拥有的唯一的东西。-41-预习导引核心归纳Section Learning about Language核心归纳12考点三 定语从句只能由which,whom引导的情况(1)先行词与从句之间用逗号隔开时。.It was felt in Beijing,which is more than two hundred kilometers away.离（唐山）两百公里的北京也感觉到了地震。(2)先行词与关系词之间有介词时。The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are skoken.Y

23、our speech was heard by a group of five judges,all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.-42-预习导引核心归纳Section Learning about Language This is the library _ I borrow this book from.The man _ you were talking to just now is my English teacher.This is the library from _ I borrow this book.Th

24、is is the library _ I borrow this book from.which/thatThe man _ you were talking to just now is my English teacher.whomThis is the library from _ I borrow this book.which关系代词的作用 1.连接主从句 2.代替先行词 3.在从句中充当成分关系代词的选择 先行词先行词：人 物 关系词关系词：whowho、whom whose that whichwhom whose that which 成分：成分：主语主语 宾语宾语 定语定语

25、Hismother,_loveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.China,_wasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.LastsummerIvisitedthePeoplesGreatHall,_manyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.。Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。去年夏

26、天，我参观了人民大会堂，在那儿每年都要举行许多重要会议中国是1949年成立的，现在正变得越来越强大。LastsummerIvisitedthePeoplesGreatHall,inwhichmanyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.。The girl _dress is red is my sister.The The room _ window faces south is mineroom _ window faces south is mine.The girl whose dress is red is my sister.The The room r

27、oom whosewhose window faces south is mine window faces south is mine.English became less like German because those_ ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.Some people _ live in the mountains of eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialects.whoEnglish became less like German bec

28、ause those_ ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.Some people _ live in the mountains of eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialects.whowhowhowhoEnglish became less like German because those_ ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.Some people _ live in the mountai

29、ns of eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialects.whowhowhowhoShe gave me a determined look-the kind_ said she would not change her mind.that/whichEnglish became less like German because those_ ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.Some people _ live in the mountains of east

30、ern USA speak with an older kind of English dialects.whowhowhowhoShe gave me a determined look-the kind_said she would not change her mind.that/whichWe found a large atlas with good maps _ showed details of world geography.that/whichEnglish became less like German because those_ ruled England spoke

31、first Danish and later French.Some people _ live in the mountains of eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialects.whowhowhowhoShe gave me a determined look-the kind_said she would not change her mind.that/whichWe found a large atlas with good maps _ showed details of world geography.that

32、/whichIt was felt in Beijing,_ is more than two hundred kilometers away.A huge crack _ was eight kilometers longs and thirty metres wide cut across houses,roads and canals.The number of people _were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.Workers built shelters for survivors _homes had been dest

33、royed.It was felt in Beijing,which is more than two hundred kilometers away.二百多公里外二百多公里外的的北京都能感觉到这场地震。北京都能感觉到这场地震。A huge crack that was eight kilometers longs and thirty metres wide cut across houses,roads and canals.一条一条8公里长公里长30米宽米宽的的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.伤亡伤亡的的人数超过人数超过40 万。万。Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.救援人员为那些家园被毁救援人员为那些家园被毁的的幸存者盖起了避难所。幸存者盖起了避难所。