1、People of AchievementUnit 1Period FourUsing Language&Other Parts基础自测 自主学习 落实基础知识语篇理解 精读精练 萃取文本精华互动探究 探究重点 互动撞击思维达标检测 当堂检测 基础达标演练内容索引内容索引.Judge whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F).1.Einsteins contributions are the general theory of relativity and the famous formula Emc2.()2.Einste
2、in entered university in Switzerland when he was 16.()3.Einstein earned a doctorate in physics and published four extraordinary physics papers in 1905.()4.Einstein took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA in 1922.()语 篇 理 解精读精练 萃取文本精华TFTF.Choose the best
3、 answer.1.Which aspect does Albert Einstein make great achievements?A.Maths.B.Medicine.C.Physics.D.Chemistry.2.Which of the following is NOT Einsteins contributions according to the text?A.The general theory of relativity.B.The famous formula Emc2.C.The explanation of the photoelectric effect.D.The
4、law of gravitation.3.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A.To introduce Einsteins contributions to the world.B.To introduce Einsteins winding life in Germany.C.To show that Einstein is a genius in physics and maths.D.To let the world know all about Einstein by his life and achi
5、evements.返 回1.adv.主要地;一般地主要地;一般地2.vi.&vt.迅速离开;逃跑迅速离开;逃跑3.n.usually pl.条件;环境;状况条件;环境;状况4.n.流;流动;流畅;供应流;流动;流畅;供应 vi.流;流动流;流动5.n.图表图表 vt.记录;制定计划记录;制定计划6.vt.创建;建立;把创建;建立;把建立在建立在7.vt.推断;推断;推定推定基 础 自 测自主学习 落实基础知识mostlyfleecircumstanceflowchartfoundinfer重点单词8.n.理论;理论;学说学说9.n.天才;天资;天赋天才;天资;天赋10.n.专利;专利证书;获得
6、专利专利;专利证书;获得专利 adj.有专利的;受专利保护的有专利的;受专利保护的11.n.酷爱;激情酷爱;激情12.adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的13.n.(教育、专业等教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑机构;机构建筑14.n.上唇的胡子;髭上唇的胡子;髭15.n.个性;特点;怪异的个性;特点;怪异的性质性质theorygeniuspatentpassionextraordinaryinstitutemoustachepeculiarity16.vt.偶然碰到;遇到偶然碰到;遇到 n.邂逅;遭遇邂逅;遭遇17.n.教授教授18.n.方法;技巧;装置;仪器方法;技巧
7、;装置;仪器19.vi.总结;概括总结;概括 n.金额;款项;总数;总和金额;款项;总数;总和20.n.草稿;草案草稿;草案 vt.起草;草拟起草;草拟encounterprofessordevicesumdraft21.n.结论;结论;推论推论 vt.推断出;得出结论;使结束推断出;得出结论;使结束 vi.结束;终止结束;终止22.n.从政者;政治家;从政者;政治家;政客政客 n.政治政治 adj.政治的;党派的政治的;党派的23.n.相对论;相对论;相对性相对性 adj.相对相对的的 adv.相对相对地地 n.亲属亲属conclusionconclude politicianpolitic
8、spoliticalrelativityrelativerelativelyrelatives24.adj.温柔的;文静温柔的;文静的的 adv.轻轻地;温和轻轻地;温和地地 n.温顺;亲切温顺;亲切25.adv.逐渐地;逐步逐渐地;逐步地地 adj.逐渐的;平缓的逐渐的;平缓的26.n.结果;结果;后果后果 adj.随之发生的;作为结果随之发生的;作为结果的的 adv.因此;结果因此;结果27.adj.非凡的;显著非凡的;显著的的 n.言论;言论;评论评论 adv.显著地;非常地显著地;非常地gentlegentlygentlenessgraduallygradualconsequencec
9、onsequentconsequentlyremarkableremarkremarkably 掌握规律巧记单词掌握规律巧记单词relative adj.(相对的相对的)lyrelatively adv.相对地相对地例:例:gradually逐渐地逐渐地consequently因此;结果因此;结果remarkable adj.(非凡的非凡的)(去去e)yremarkably adv.显著地;非常地显著地;非常地例:例:gently轻轻地;温和地轻轻地;温和地simply简单地简单地1.由于由于2.能够能够3.实际上实际上,事实上,事实上4.冒冒生命危险生命危险5.拿起拿起;接受;开始从事;接受
10、;开始从事6.(开始开始)掌权;上台掌权;上台7.结果结果8.担任担任;任职;任职9.总结总结;概括;概括due tobe able to in fact risk ones life take upcome to poweras a consequence take up a position sum up 核心短语1.who引导定语从句引导定语从句Albert Einstein,in modern physics,is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived.阿尔伯特阿尔伯特爱因斯坦,也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家,
11、通常被认为爱因斯坦,也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家,通常被认为是有史以来最聪明的人之一。是有史以来最聪明的人之一。2.状语从句的省略状语从句的省略 ,out of a strong passion for knowledge,he continued to study,earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.当当(爱因斯坦爱因斯坦)在那里工作时,出于对知识的强烈热情,他继续学习,在在那里工作时,出于对知识的强烈热情,他继续学习,在1905年获得了物理学博士学位。年获得了物理学博士学位。who is perhaps the greatest scienti
12、st While working there经典句式3.as though/ifHe had a thick moustache and long white hair,which sometimes stood on end .他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发,有时头发竖立着,好像刚挨了电他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发,有时头发竖立着,好像刚挨了电击似的。击似的。4.how引导宾语从句引导宾语从句There is even a story about who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework.甚至还有一个故事,讲的
13、是他如何帮助一个小女孩,这个女孩敲了他甚至还有一个故事,讲的是他如何帮助一个小女孩,这个女孩敲了他的门,请求他帮她做家庭作业。的门,请求他帮她做家庭作业。as though he had just received an electric shockhow he helped a little girl 5.Itbe过去分词过去分词that.On 18 April 1955,Einstein had passed away,and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.1955年年4月月18日,据报道,爱
14、因斯坦去世了,全世界都为失去这位杰出日,据报道,爱因斯坦去世了,全世界都为失去这位杰出的科学家而哀悼。的科学家而哀悼。返 回it was reported that Did you come to any conclusions?你得出结论了吗?你得出结论了吗?1conclusion n.结论;结论;结束结束reach/arrive at/draw/come to a conclusion得出结论得出结论in conclusionto conclude总之,最后总之,最后make a conclusion下结论下结论conclude v.结束;推断出,断定结束;推断出,断定conclude.f
15、rom.从从中推断出中推断出conclude(from sth.)that.(从某事中从某事中)推断出推断出;(从某事中从某事中)断定断定conclude.with./by doing.以以结束结束互 动 探 究探究重点 互动撞击思维重点词汇(1)He concluded/drew a conclusion that the film Wolf Warrior was well worth seeing.他得出结论:电影战狼他得出结论:电影战狼2很值得一看。很值得一看。(2)What can we conclude the conversation?我们能从这次谈话中得出什么结论?我们能从这次
16、谈话中得出什么结论?(3)He concluded his speech a famous saying.他用一句著名的谚语结束了演讲。他用一句著名的谚语结束了演讲。(4)Without enough evidence,we cant .没有没有充分的证据,我们不能下结论。充分的证据,我们不能下结论。fromwithmake a conclusionHe made numerous contributions to the world,the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formul
17、a Emc2.他他对世界做出了很大的贡献,其中最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式对世界做出了很大的贡献,其中最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式Emc2。2contribution n.贡献;捐款;贡献;捐款;捐赠捐赠make a contribution/contributions to(doing)sth.为为(做做)某事作出贡献某事作出贡献contribute v.贡献;捐献,捐助;投稿贡献;捐献,捐助;投稿contribute to为为作贡献;有助于;促成作贡献;有助于;促成contribute.to.把把贡献给贡献给;为;为捐款;向捐款;向投稿投稿(1)Everyone should ma
18、ke a contribution to protecting the environment.每个人都应为保护环境作出贡献。每个人都应为保护环境作出贡献。(2)Regular exercise will your health.有规律的锻炼会有助于你的健康。有规律的锻炼会有助于你的健康。(3)He has a number of articles the magazine.他已给这家杂志社撰写了许多文章。他已给这家杂志社撰写了许多文章。(4)Reading English every morning will contribute to (improve)your oral English.
19、每天早晨朗读英语对你提高英语口语有很大的帮助。每天早晨朗读英语对你提高英语口语有很大的帮助。contribute to contributedtoimprovinggeneral adj.一般的;普通的一般的;普通的 n.将军将军in general总的来说,通常总的来说,通常(相当于相当于generally)as a general rule一般而言;通常,总之一般而言;通常,总之generally adv.一般地;通常地一般地;通常地generally speaking一般而言一般而言(5)Meanwhile,with her parents help,Moore is generally
20、 able to live a normal teenage life.(2019北京北京)同时,在父母的帮助下,摩尔基本上可以过正常的青少年生活。同时,在父母的帮助下,摩尔基本上可以过正常的青少年生活。(6),parents care more about their childrens health than about their own.一般来说一般来说,父母关心孩子的健康胜过关心自己的健康。,父母关心孩子的健康胜过关心自己的健康。(7),though,studying international customs can certainlyhelp avoid difficulties
21、 in todays world of cultural crossroads!但总的来说,在当今文化交融的世界,学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我但总的来说,在当今文化交融的世界,学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难!们避免交往中的困难!Generally speakingIn general/Generally Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came to power in Germany.1933年年,当希特勒在德国掌权时,情况发生了变化。,当希特勒在德国掌权时,情况发生了变化。3come to power上台,当权上台,当权
22、(表示动作,不能和一段时间连用表示动作,不能和一段时间连用)power n.能力;力量;权力;职权;政权;电力供应能力;力量;权力;职权;政权;电力供应be in power掌权,执政掌权,执政(表示状态,可以和一段时间连用表示状态,可以和一段时间连用)have the power to do sth.具有做某事的能力具有做某事的能力/权力权力beyond/out of ones power某人力所不能及的某人力所不能及的powerful adj.强有力的强有力的(1)There was a time when the little girl lost the power of speech.
23、有一段时间这个小女孩不能说话。有一段时间这个小女孩不能说话。(2)Could you tell me when the new president came to power?你能告诉我新总统是什么时候上台的吗?你能告诉我新总统是什么时候上台的吗?(3)She had the power (control)the situation.她有能力控制局面。她有能力控制局面。(4)I am sorry its my power to make such a decision.对不起对不起,我无权做此决定。,我无权做此决定。(5)This kind of animals has some (power
24、)teeth.这种这种动物有强大的牙齿动物有强大的牙齿。to controlbeyond/out of powerful As a consequence,he had to flee Germany.结果,他不得不逃离德国。结果,他不得不逃离德国。4as a consequencein consequence结果;结果;因此因此consequence n.结果;后果;影响结果;后果;影响as a consequence ofin consequence of由于由于的缘故的缘故consequent adj.作为结果的;随之发生的作为结果的;随之发生的consequently adv.所以;因
25、此;结果所以;因此;结果(1)It rained yesterday.As a consequence,the match was cancelled.昨天下雨了,结果比赛被取消了。昨天下雨了,结果比赛被取消了。(2)The warming of the earth and the consequent climatic changes affect us all.地球变暖以及随之发生的气候变化影响着我们所有人。地球变暖以及随之发生的气候变化影响着我们所有人。(3)a great fire,the house was completely destroyed.由于一场大火,这个房子被完全烧毁了
26、。由于一场大火,这个房子被完全烧毁了。(4)My car broke down and (consequent)I was late.我的汽车抛锚了,结果,我迟到了。我的汽车抛锚了,结果,我迟到了。consequentlyAs a consequence of/In consequence ofAfter spending time in Europe,he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA.在欧在欧洲待了一段时间后,他最终在美国普林斯顿
27、大学高等研究院担任研究员。洲待了一段时间后,他最终在美国普林斯顿大学高等研究院担任研究员。5take up拿起;接受;开始从事;继续;占据拿起;接受;开始从事;继续;占据(时间、空间等时间、空间等)一词多义一词多义写出下列句子中写出下列句子中take up的汉语意思的汉语意思(1)In fact,surfing the Internet takes up most of her time._(2)The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week._(3)Peter will take up the management of
28、the finance department._占据占据继续继续开始从事开始从事take in收留收留(某人某人);吸收;领会,理解;欺骗;包括;吸收;领会,理解;欺骗;包括take off(飞机等飞机等)起飞;脱下;成功,成名;起飞;脱下;成功,成名;(突然突然)离开;休假离开;休假take on呈现;雇用;承担呈现;雇用;承担take over接管接管take out取出,切除,摘除取出,切除,摘除(4)The city has been developing very fast and it has a new look.这个城市发展很快,呈现出新的面貌。这个城市发展很快,呈现出新的面貌
29、。(5)The young man the company when his father is old.这个年轻人会在父亲年纪大时接管这个公司。这个年轻人会在父亲年纪大时接管这个公司。联想拓展联想拓展常见的常见的“动词动词up”型短语还有:型短语还有:put up修建;举起;张贴修建;举起;张贴go up上升,上涨上升,上涨turn up出现;把声音调大出现;把声音调大bring up提出;养育;呕吐提出;养育;呕吐give up放弃放弃taken on will take over Apart from his remarkable achievements,what does the p
30、assage tell us about Einsteins life?除了他卓越的成就,关于爱因斯坦的生活,这篇文章还除了他卓越的成就,关于爱因斯坦的生活,这篇文章还告诉了我们什么?告诉了我们什么?6remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的;不寻常非凡的;显著的;不寻常的的be remarkable for以以著称著称remark n.谈论;言论;评述谈论;言论;评述 vt.&vi.谈论;评论;说起谈论;评论;说起make a remark/remarks on/upon对对发表意见发表意见remark that.评论评论,说,说remark on/upon谈论谈论/评论评论remark
31、ably adv.不寻常地不寻常地(1)All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith even more remarkable.(2018北京北京)所有这些使得无家可归的汤姆所有这些使得无家可归的汤姆史密斯的行为更加不寻常了。史密斯的行为更加不寻常了。(2)These cars are (remark)for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因为发动机的声音小而著名。这些汽车因为发动机的声音小而著名。(3)My life improved (remark)when I discovered
32、art.我发现了艺术后,我的生活有了显著的改善。我发现了艺术后,我的生活有了显著的改善。(4)Dont her appearance.不要对她的外表发表粗鲁的评论。不要对她的外表发表粗鲁的评论。(5)The editor the article was well written.编辑评论说那篇文章写得很好。编辑评论说那篇文章写得很好。remarkableremarkablymake rude remarks on/upon remarked that While working there,out of a strong passion for knowledge,he continued t
33、o study,earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.当当(爱因斯坦爱因斯坦)在那里工作时,出于对知识的强烈热情,他继续学习,在在那里工作时,出于对知识的强烈热情,他继续学习,在1905年获得了物理学博年获得了物理学博士学位。士学位。1经典句式句中句中While working there是状语从句的省略结构,完整句为:是状语从句的省略结构,完整句为:While he was working there。状语从句的省略条件:状语从句的省略条件:当主句的主语和从句的主语一致且从句中含有当主句的主语和从句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词的某种形式,这时动词的某
34、种形式,这时可以将从句的主语和可以将从句的主语和be动词一起省略;动词一起省略;如果从句的主语是如果从句的主语是it,且从句中含有,且从句中含有be动词,这时也可以将动词,这时也可以将it和和be动词动词一起省略。一起省略。(1)While(she was)waiting at the bus stop,she met the famous editor.她在车站等车时,遇到了那位著名的主编。她在车站等车时,遇到了那位著名的主编。(2)about a new topic,it is important to collect facts and figures.当学习一个新话题时,收集事实和数据
35、是很重要的。当学习一个新话题时,收集事实和数据是很重要的。(3)When (ask)about the accident,the man kept silent.当被问到这起事故时,这个男人保持了沉默。当被问到这起事故时,这个男人保持了沉默。(4)Please give me a phone .必要时你可以给我打电话。必要时你可以给我打电话。(5)I will go to see my teachers this summer .如果可能的话,今年夏天我将去看望我的老师。如果可能的话,今年夏天我将去看望我的老师。When learningaskedwhen necessaryif possib
36、leHe had a thick moustache and long white hair,which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.他留着浓密的小胡他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发,有时头发竖立着,好像刚挨了电击似的。子和长长的白发,有时头发竖立着,好像刚挨了电击似的。2as though/if,意为,意为“似乎,好像似乎,好像”,用在,用在seem,look等系动词之后引导表等系动词之后引导表语从句。语从句。as though/if还可引导方式状语从句。若还可引导方式状语从句。
37、若as though/if从句描述非现从句描述非现实情况,则用虚拟语气。实情况,则用虚拟语气。当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用一般过去时当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词动词一般用一般用were);当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用过去完成时当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用过去完成时(had过过去分词去分词);当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用“would/could/might动词原形动词原形”。注意:若从句描述的情况发生的可能性很大,则不用虚拟语气注意:若从句描述的情况发生
38、的可能性很大,则不用虚拟语气。(1)He talked as though/if he had been to every corner of the world but in fact he had never left his village.他他谈论着,好像他到过世界的每一个角落。可实际上他从没离开过村子。谈论着,好像他到过世界的每一个角落。可实际上他从没离开过村子。(2)It seems as if he (know)everything,but in reality,he is stupid.看起来他似乎是个万事通,其实他很蠢。看起来他似乎是个万事通,其实他很蠢。(3)It seem
39、s the first one here.看起来看起来我是第一个到这里的。我是第一个到这里的。(4)The young man with long hair looks as if he (be)a woman.那个长头发的男青年看上去好像是个女的那个长头发的男青年看上去好像是个女的。knewas if/though I amwereOn 18 April 1955,it was reported that Einstein had passed away,and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.1
40、955年年4月月18日,日,据据报道,爱因斯坦去世了,全世界都为失去这位杰出的科学家而哀悼。报道,爱因斯坦去世了,全世界都为失去这位杰出的科学家而哀悼。3本句属于本句属于“Itbe过去分词过去分词that.”,其中,其中that引导主语从句,引导主语从句,it是是形式主语。形式主语。It is believed that.人们相信人们相信It is said that.据说据说It is thought that.人们认为人们认为It is reported that.据报道据报道It is known that.众所周知众所周知上述句型可改为上述句型可改为sb./sth.is believe
41、d/said/thought/.to do/to be doing/to have done,根据动词不定式和谓语动词之间的时间关系来确定使用不定式的一般,根据动词不定式和谓语动词之间的时间关系来确定使用不定式的一般式、进行式还是完成式式、进行式还是完成式。(1)It is said that this boy,who had a great gift for languages and persuasion,is the father of the Manchu people.据说据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力。这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有很强的语言天赋和说服
42、力。(2)eating too much sugar does harm to our health.人们认为,吃糖太多对健康有害。人们认为,吃糖太多对健康有害。(3)you will come back together.人们期望你们一起回来人们期望你们一起回来。It is thought thatIt is expected that(4)eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against illness.已经证实,小时候多吃蔬菜有助于保护你免受疾病的困扰。已经证实,小时候多吃蔬菜有助于保护你免受疾病的困扰。句型转换句型转
43、换(5)It is said that John is one of the best teachers in the school.(改为简单句改为简单句)John one of the best teachers in the school.返 回It has been proved thatis said to be.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.He has been power for ten years but still doesnt want to leave office.2.The ceremony has been put off as a (consequent)of t
44、he bad weather.3.The car is in (remark)good condition for its age.4.Your statement is too (generally).Could you be more specific about it?5.While (wait)there,he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.6.She took writing as her career after graduation.达 标 检 测当堂检测 基础达标演练inconsequenceremarkablyge
45、neralwaitingup.完成句子完成句子7.She looks .她看起来好像年轻了十岁。她看起来好像年轻了十岁。8.global warming is due to human activities.人们相信,全球变暖归因于人类的活动。人们相信,全球变暖归因于人类的活动。9.,those who pay attention to physical exercise are in good health.一般来说,那些注意体育锻炼的人健康状况良好。一般来说,那些注意体育锻炼的人健康状况良好。10.,he will come to help me make a kite.他一有可能就会来帮
46、我做个风筝。他一有可能就会来帮我做个风筝。as if/though she were ten years youngerIt is believed thatGenerally speakingWhenever possible.课文缩写课文缩写概要写作概要写作下面下面是根据课文内容写的一篇是根据课文内容写的一篇60词左右的内容概要,请根据括号内的词左右的内容概要,请根据括号内的汉语提示完成短文汉语提示完成短文。Albert Einstein,who was born in Germany on 14 March 1879,11._ _(被认为是最伟大的科学家被认为是最伟大的科学家)of th
47、e 20th century,12.(他他的发现和理论对科学有很大的影响的发现和理论对科学有很大的影响)in many fields.In 1905,he began to publish a series of papers 13.(这震撼这震撼了整个科学界了整个科学界)and for the theories he established in the papers 14._(他获得了诺贝尔物理学奖他获得了诺贝尔物理学奖)in 1921.When Hitler 15.(1933年在德国执政年在德国执政),he left the country and continued his study in the United States until his death in 1955.返 回wasconsidered the greatest scientistwhich shook the whole scientific worldhe won theNobel Prize in Physicscame to power in Germany in 1933whose discoveries and theories have greatly influenced science更多精彩内容请登录:本课结束
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