2021届全国新高考英语复习备考-语法填空解题技巧及考点突破课件.pptx

1、2021届全国新高考英语复习备考语法填空解题技巧及考点突破语法填空解题技巧及考点突破一一 能力要求能力要求1 1、阅读、理解、阅读、理解语篇语篇的能力的能力;2 2、分析、分析句子结构句子结构的能力的能力;3 3、熟练运用、熟练运用语法语法,短语短语的能力。的能力。二、解题步骤（“由大到小”）通读全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脉2.巧用已知，连线画图、降低难度、铺平道路3.理解句意、分析结构、大胆猜测、各个击破4.重读全篇、仔细核查、语法正确、语意贯通5.拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确（注意三写）高考语法填空题两类高考语法填空题两类“空空”：纯空格纯空格（6-7个）个）给词空给词空 (3-4

2、个）个）1.谓语（时态谓语（时态语态语态数）数）2.非谓语（非谓语（to do-doingdone)3.词类转换词类转换(名名形形副）副）冠、代、介、连冠、代、介、连、副、副、情态动情态动词、从句引导词等词、从句引导词等应试策略应试策略How do you How do you usually solve this usually solve this problem?problem?解题关键：解题关键：1 把握大意；把握大意；2 找关键词；找关键词；找出句中主语、谓语、连词找出句中主语、谓语、连词主语、谓语、连词主语、谓语、连词横线前后词横线前后词 既要符合语意，又要合乎语法！既要符合语意，

3、又要合乎语法！忽略文意，直奔题目！忽略文意，直奔题目！切忌：切忌：原则：原则：Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks according to the requirements.Then find out the rules.给词空考点讲解：给词空考点讲解：1.谓语（时态谓语（时态语态语态数）数）2.非谓语（非谓语（to do-doingdone)3.词类转换词类转换(名名形形副）副）The exam,which was originally to be held in our classroom,_(change)to the

4、library at the last minute.They didnt take many chances in their lives.They usually _(follow)orders.I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he _(break)his finger.was changedfollowed had broken应试策略应试策略考点一、谓语动词考点一、谓语动词 括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子的主干，确定主句，如果缺谓语，就的主干，确定主句，如果

5、缺谓语，就要根据上下文要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的语境和意思确定动词的数、时态和语态。数、时态和语态。如果如果空格前是助动词空格前是助动词（will,shall等）、等）、情态动情态动词词（can,may,must等），则等），则空格一定空格一定是是 。如果如果空格前是空格前是have的各种形式的各种形式，则想到构，则想到构成成 。如果如果空格前是空格前是be的各种形式的各种形式，则想到用，则想到用 。动词原形动词原形完成时完成时进行时态或被动语态进行时态或被动语态应试策略应试策略谓语时态和语态的主要考点谓语时态和语态的主要考点1、考查在语境中判断动词的时态。常考的时态为：、考查在语境中判

6、断动词的时态。常考的时态为：现在现在:一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成。一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成。过去过去:一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成。一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成。2、时间、条件、等状语从句时间、条件、等状语从句中动词的时态中动词的时态(主将从现主将从现)(if/unless/as soon as/after/before/when等等);3、时态标志；时态标志；4、时态一致性时态一致性原则；原则；5、上下文语境；上下文语境；Some people say that oldest children,who are smart and strong-w

7、illed,are very likely _(succeed).I was afraid of _(catch)by the police.With the problem _(solve),I felt proud of my achievement.to succeedbeing caught应试策略应试策略考点二、非谓语动词考点二、非谓语动词solved 非谓语动词，包括非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、形式、V-ed形式形式和动词不定式。和动词不定式。做题时确定所给出的词与其做题时确定所给出的词与其所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。如果与中心词是主动关系，如果

8、与中心词是主动关系，；如果与中心词是被动关系，如果与中心词是被动关系，；如果表示将来，如果表示将来，一般用一般用V-ing形式形式一般用一般用V-ed形式形式应试策略应试策略一般用动词不定式。一般用动词不定式。uselessdifferentlyappearancepersonal应试策略应试策略考点三、词性转换考点三、词性转换 Most of the people in the town showed pity on him,but it was _(use).But a recent study saw things quite _(different).The order in whic

9、h they finished would decide the order of their _(appear)in the Chinese calendar.,so Im very careful not to give out my _(person)information.括号内给出单词的其他形式，通括号内给出单词的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什么成分（修饰什么词），再用正确么成分（修饰什么词），再用正确的单词形式补充完整，该空同时考的单词形式补充完整，该空同时考查同学们的查同学们的单词拼写能力单词拼写能力。应试策略应试策略cheaperwor

10、st应试策略应试策略考点四、形容词或副词考点四、形容词或副词worse One of the _(bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher,Ms Chen.For a family of four,for example,it is more convenient as well as _(cheap)to sit comfortably at home,Many other actors are _(badly)off than me at present,括号内给出形容词或副词，要括号内给出形容词

11、或副词，要根根据上下文语境据上下文语境确定用确定用原级、比较级还原级、比较级还是最高级形式是最高级形式。应试策略应试策略形容词形容词 修饰名词修饰名词/代词代词 副词副词 修饰动词修饰动词/形容词形容词/副词副词/句子句子It is/was+形容词形容词（+for/of sb)+to do Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks according to the requirements.Then find out the rules.纯空格类考点讲解：纯空格类考点讲解：1.冠词冠词2.代词代词3.介词介词4.连词或副词连词或副词

12、5.引导词引导词6.情态动词情态动词 An only child will succeed for _ same reason.You can now make _ educated decision about what career to pursue.The author of the study suggested that encouraging more books reading might be _ useful way to prevent childhood accidents.the 应试策略应试策略ana考点五、冠词考点五、冠词 如果空格后是如果空格后是单数可数名词单数

13、可数名词，就应，就应该考虑该考虑空格处空格处是否需要填是否需要填不定冠词不定冠词(a,(a,an)an)。如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提及上文提到过的人或物等时，就应该考及上文提到过的人或物等时，就应该考虑虑空格处空格处是否需要填是否需要填定冠词定冠词(the)(the)。翻译方法很重要。翻译方法很重要。应试策略应试策略 Firstly,we must understand the language when we hear _ spoken.2.The little boy pulled _right hand out of the pocket and stu

14、died a number of coins in it.3.I patiently walked to the library,took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax _.it myselfhis应试策略应试策略考点六、代词考点六、代词 首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中所充当的成分确定用哪个代词。所充当的成分确定用哪个代词。如果如果空格后是空格后是名词名词，就应该考虑，就应该考虑空格处空格处是是否用否用物主代词物主代词(my,your,his等等)、指示代词指示代词(this,t

15、hat等等)、不定代词不定代词(few,little,many,much,all,each,every,both,neither,other等等)、名词所有名词所有格或形容词格或形容词等进行修饰。等进行修饰。如果如果空格前是空格前是动词动词 ,就应考虑用人称代词就应考虑用人称代词和反身代词。和反身代词。应试策略应试策略 Television is now playing a very important role _ our life.more than nine thousand young Americans,dissatisfied with their training at home

16、,went to Germany _advanced study.It was in this very room that I gave birth _ Linda seventeen years ago.fortoin 应试策略应试策略考点七、介词考点七、介词介词可位于介词可位于名词之前名词之前。如。如at night,on Sunday等；等；也可位于也可位于形容词之后形容词之后，如，如be interested in,be good at等；等；还可位于还可位于不及物动词之后不及物动词之后，如，如listen to,arrive at,look for等。等。应试策略应试策略掌握一些常

17、用介词的用法、含义和固定掌握一些常用介词的用法、含义和固定搭配；搭配；If a family has many children,the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd.The youngest child,_,often gets special treatment.As the ox came ashore,the rat jumped off and finished the race first._ the rat got the first year named after him and the ox got the seco

18、nd year.I asked my classmates about her interest _ then I made my final decision.howeverandSo/Thus考点八、连词或副词考点八、连词或副词应试策略应试策略 空格前后两个句子都含有主谓结构时，则要空格前后两个句子都含有主谓结构时，则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。表示递进：表示递进：so,therefore等；等；besides,in addition等；等；but,however,while,although,though,等。等。表示转折：表

19、示转折：表示因果：表示因果：表示并列：表示并列：and,or等；等；应试策略应试策略thatwhothat考点九、引导词考点九、引导词应试策略应试策略One day,he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.Some people say that oldest children,_ are smart and strong-willed,are very likely to succeed.So careless was I _ I had forgotten all about that

20、.空格前后都是一个句子空格前后都是一个句子,做题时做题时应该从句子的意义去判断应该从句子的意义去判断是属于什是属于什么类型的复合句（定语从句、名词么类型的复合句（定语从句、名词性从句或者状语从句）性从句或者状语从句），再确定填再确定填什么引导词。什么引导词。应试策略应试策略如何判断从句类型？空格前是名词空格前是及物动词 空格前是系动词 空格在句首定从定从同位语从同位语从主从主从状从状从所填词在后面句子中充当成分不充当成分所填词在后面句子中充当主宾表所填词在后面句子中充当各类状语宾从宾从表从表从判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句句子之判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句句子之间的意思及逻辑关系来判

21、断是什么状语从句间的意思及逻辑关系来判断是什么状语从句考点十、情态动词考点十、情态动词应试策略应试策略The car driver _ have been drunk.You should eat all kinds of vegetables and fruits,for they _ help you stay healthy.mustcan一步来把全文看，把握主旨逻辑线；一步来把全文看，把握主旨逻辑线；二步开始做答案，容易做的先做完；二步开始做答案，容易做的先做完；难题放在第三步，上下文里找答案；难题放在第三步，上下文里找答案；四步复读很关键，保证全文意连贯。四步复读很关键，保证全文意连

22、贯。I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains.The sun was setting when my car _31_（break）down near a remote and poor village.Cursing my misfortune，I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _32_ should have the

23、honor of receiving me _33_ a guest in their house.Finally，I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house.While she was getting me _34_（settle）into a tiny but clean room，the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _35_ small town some 20 kilometers a

24、way_36_there was a garage.I had noticed three hens running free in my hostesss courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table._37_ villagers brought me goats cheese and hone.We drank together and talked _38_（merry）till far into the night.When the time came for me to say goodbye

25、to my friends in the village，I wanted to reward the old woman _39_the trouble I had caused _40_.What have you learned today?1.1.高考语法填空命题特点；高考语法填空命题特点；2.2.掌握掌握纯空格词纯空格词的基本填空方法；的基本填空方法；3.3.突破语法填空中突破语法填空中给词空格给词空格的正确判断，特别的正确判断，特别是是谓语、非谓语及谓语、非谓语及谓语时态和语态谓语时态和语态的正确判断。的正确判断。Homework Finish the exercises in English Weekly.