2020届高三英语二轮完形填空教学指导课件(共22张).pptx

1、完形填空解题指导 如何引导学生攻破英语考试中如何引导学生攻破英语考试中的完形填空题？的完形填空题？（每次学生参加检测后，发现失分做多每次学生参加检测后，发现失分做多的就是完型！解题方法给学生们介绍的就是完型！解题方法给学生们介绍了不少，但孩子们还是觉得很难，甚了不少，但孩子们还是觉得很难，甚至有的学生根本不看题就选择！至有的学生根本不看题就选择！）完形填空：完形考商你是否通过读全文后才开始答题？你能充分利用首句信息来答题吗？你能否根据上下文的暗示来答题吗？你会利用生活常识和社会经验来答题吗？做完试题，你是否将答案代入检查？文科状元经验谈 “完形填空”在高考中占分值达到30分该试题对语法,词汇,

2、阅读,理解等多项英语能力都有所考查,综合性很强.我的一个小习惯帮了我的大忙.在高考复习中,我坚持每天用固定的时间进行朗读英语,虽然高考中没有一道试题是针对朗读开展,但是我发现朗读能让我比较容易地找到对英语的感觉.而完形填空最终考查的就是一种感觉.在做完形填空试题时会选读起来最通顺的选项,这个读起来最通顺的选项又恰好就是正确答案.在高考完形填空试题只错了一个空.这种脱口成章的语言自由运用状态,才是语言学习的根本和真正目的.王珂（外国语大学）我把完形填空看成“思维体操”，来锻炼我的逻辑推理判断能力。平时要多练、多悟。读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词、或不明白的地方，仍然快速读下去。但是做题时，不

3、可能一气呵成。能做的，先做；不能做的，暂时放弃。待处理全文，甚至在处理的过程中，往往会有柳暗花明之时。另外在做题时，应把眼光放远一些，看文章是否有暗示词。要融入文中，设身处地地想一想主人公当时会有怎样的感受，会有怎样的举动，注意感情上的纠葛，体会作者的幽默，悟出文章的思想意义。李海燕 （上海交通大学）完形填空看穿了就是一种“填字游戏”，每一个空格在文章中都是有“填字”暗示的，关键是要找到这个暗示。找暗示的唯一方法就是“读”。答题最忌的就是读时逻辑不清，思维混乱，这样会造成很多错误。每小题几乎都要有上下文的支持，平时把这种“填字游戏”玩多了，考试时我有时甚至不看选项，就能将它“完形”了。完形填空

4、完形填空完形填空本不难完形填空本不难,把握主旨最关键。把握主旨最关键。从头到尾读全文从头到尾读全文,空格暂且放一边。空格暂且放一边。首句特别要重视首句特别要重视,信息丰富莫小看。信息丰富莫小看。脑中形成一幅画脑中形成一幅画,紧扣中心不走偏。紧扣中心不走偏。4.重视搭配习惯 1.重视首句理解2.重视行文逻辑3.重视词汇复现重视首句理解 首句是了解文章全貌的窗口。一般说来，记叙文的文章会交代4个W(when,where,who,what)，说明文类的文章的首句会解释要说明的对象，议论文类的文章的首句会提出一个论点。首句往往是整篇文章的统领句，概括了整篇文章的中心和写作意图。而且每段的首句通常有承上

5、启下的作用，是文章发展过程中的重要线索。细读首句可以判断文章体裁，预测文章大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助考生建立正确的思维导向，对理解全文起着至关重要的作用。所以在仔细阅读了首句后，应快速阅读全文，确定文章的体裁、主旨和结构。重视行文逻辑 完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句、句群语句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系（连接词有and,while等）；转折关系but,however,though,whereas,nevertheless等，因果关系（有so,therefo

6、re,thus,because,for,since,as等）让步关系（有though,although,despite,in spite of等）条件关系（if,unless,once,provided thatin case of）解释关系（连接词或短语有：i.e.that is to say,in other words等）；顺序关系（有before,after,and,first,second,then,finally等一.因果关系(2012.山东）The couple were soon spending all their time and money,so Kurt visited

7、 food and clothing companies to _ donations.A.pay for B.ask for C.look into D.carry out二.同类关系(2012.山东）The Mullers soon realised that food and clothing werent enough.“What these people also need is warmth and _,”says Ritas.A.fame B.freedom C.courage D.caring三.相对关系When Christ was born nearly two thous

8、and years ago,many people,rich and _,give him presents.A.ill B.healthy C.poor D.tallBDCEventually,I was touched by this land of wonder._,my parents showed no interest in my garden.A.Instead B.However C.Therefore D.BesidesB重视词汇复现 词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此在行文中不可避免

9、地会出现词语的复现，前后同义或反义，相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原因，指代词、同义词、近义词、上下义词和概括词等。一、原词复现e.g.The smokers _ a lot.In fact,the nonsmokers who must breathe the air polluted by tobacco smoke may suffer more than the smokers themselves.A.suffer B.endure C.tolerate D.bear二、同义词或近义词或同源词复现e.g.I cant recall any of t

10、he songs that the band played.I just _ that I really enjoyed the show and didnt want it to finish.A.realize B.understand C.believe D.rememberAD三、反义词复现e.g.He wasnt well-dressed.He had on a pair of shorts and a(n)_ T-shirt.A.attractive B.shiny C.simple D.expensive四、结构复现 Many people now think that teac

11、hers give pupils too much homework.They say that it is _1_for children to work at home in their free time._2_ they argue that most teachers do not _3_ plan the homework tasks they give to pupils.1.A.unnecessary B.uninteresting C.unfortunate D.unimportant2.A.Nevertheless B.However C.Therefore D.Moreo

12、ver3.A.considerably B.favorably C.properly D.pleasantlyADCC重视搭配习惯 英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现，完形填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候，在分析语境、理清空白 处含义的基础上，利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词（名词、形容词等）与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们作出正确选择。一、动介搭配（I admitted he was right and in a few minutes,the two d

13、evices(装置）were _to the handlebars of my bicycle.A.distribute B.converted C.applied D.attached二、动宾搭配The desire to be connected has broughtsolitude to a(n)_ as weve known it.A.edge B.stage C.end D.balance三、介词搭配I have gone from“hiding”in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to my

14、self,_ raising my hand.A.by B.for C.with D.toDDC四、句式搭配e.g.The book tells us of useful skills such as how to put what you have learned into pictures of your mind to _ your memory better.A.make B.turn C.let D.change五、句型搭配e.g.I havent had a phone in the house for three weeks now,and its several days _

15、I used a phone box last time.A.as B.when C.if D.since六、习语搭配He was lying un bed when something likea smoke alarm _ his ears.A.struck B.missed C.touched D.passedAADTimePara.1Para.2Para.3/4grievedvery sadIn 1999,shelost her sonMoodsLife1.cant accept a life without her son2.Avoid celebrations for New Ye

16、ar3.unbearable;toughestAs timeWent bynot so sad1.still avoid the group celebrations2.a little easierfive years after her sons death thankful for life1.She imagined what if she had never known him or lost him much earlier.2.She determined to remember him not mourned him.3.celebrated the New Year together.4.no longerunbearable完形填空完形填空 一是注意上下文一是注意上下文,上推下究求答案。上推下究求答案。逻辑关系搞清楚逻辑关系搞清楚,不能只顾看表面。不能只顾看表面。关键地方细推敲关键地方细推敲,文读三遍义自现。文读三遍义自现。二要理清长难句二要理清长难句,长化为短难化简。长化为短难化简。分清结构和层次分清结构和层次,删繁就简找主干。删繁就简找主干。基本策略 跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意 结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案 瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破 复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏