最新中考英语知识点复习：3-冠词课件(含答案).ppt

1、考点一 不定冠词a/an 的基本用法不定冠词aan(1)泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类。例如：An elephant is much heavier than a horse.(2)在叙述时用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前。例如：This is a book.(3)用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。例如：I have read the books twice,but I want to read them a third time.(4)用于某些固定词组前，如have a good time,in a hurry,have a rest,for a while,take a walk,have

2、 a look,have a cold等。不定冠词aan(5)a/an 的区别：a 用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an 用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，如 a book,an orange,an egg。注意：以字母u开头的单词u发音为/ju：/时，单词前用a，如a usual boy,a university,a unit,a useful book。常见辅音字母不发音的单词有：an honest boy,an hour,an honor。不定冠词aan互动一例题一()1.Whats this in English,Maria?Its _ map.Aa Ban Cthe D

3、/()2.Cathy was very happy to meet _ old friend on the plane to Paris.Aa Ban Cthe D/例题二B A考点二 定冠词the的用法定冠词the(1)用来表示特指的或双方都知道的人或事。例如：The man over there is Johns uncle.(2)表示上文中提到过的人或者事。例如：There is an English book on the desk.The book is Li Leis.定冠词the(3)用在世界上独一无二的名词前。例如：The sun is bigger than the eart

4、h.(4)用在形容词最高级、序数词前面。例如：This is the highest building in this city.(5)用在乐器名词前。例如：My sister can play the piano and the violin.(6)用在方位名词前。例如：in the east/west/south/north,on the left/right(7)用在姓氏复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇。例如：The Smiths are watching TV.(8)和形容词连用，表示一类人。例如：The old should be looked after well.定冠词the(9)用

5、在江河湖海及山脉名词前。例如：The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.(10)用在有介词短语或定语从句修饰的名词前。例如：The girl in red(who is wearing red)is my sister.(11)用在某些固定词组中。例如：in the morning/evening/afternoon,in the daytime,in the end,at the same time,by the way,at the age of,at the beginning of,in the middle of,at th

6、e moment等定冠词the互动一例题一例题二CC()1.My cousin went abroad at _ age of eighteen.Aa Ban Cthe D/()2.Look!Whos _ boy over there?Oh,he is my cousin,Bob.He is _ honest boy.Aa;the Bthe;a Cthe;an Da;an考点三 不用冠词的情况不用冠词(1)在专有名词(国名、城市名、人名、路名)前不用冠词。Beijing is a beautiful city.(2)在季节、月份、星期、节日前不用冠词，如in summer/on Monday/

7、in 1995；但中国的传统节日前一般加the，如the MidAutumn Day 中秋节，the Spring Festival；具体某年的季节前一般加the，如in the winter of 2009在2009年的冬天。(3)在球类运动、棋类和学科名词前不用冠词。例如：Mr Zhang likes playing football and chess.不用冠词(4)三餐饭前不用冠词，如have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner；但三餐饭 前如有形容词修饰时，可以用冠词，如have a nice breakfast吃一顿 美味的早餐。(5)名词前有this,th

8、at,those,these,my,your,some等词修饰时不用冠 词。例如：This is my best friend.(6)用在某些固定词组中：at school,at home,watch TV,on foot,in bed,in hospital,at first,in trouble,in public,by bus/bike/plane/train,at noon,at night 等。互动一例题一例题二BA()1.My son seldom has _ breakfast.It is _ unhealthy habit.You must ask him to change

9、it.A/;an Bthe;an C/;a Dthe;a()2.Bill likes playing _ basketball,but he doesnt like playing _ piano.Athe;the B/;the Cthe;/Da;the常考基数词、序数词一览表常考基数词、序数词一览表数字基数词序数词数字基数词序数词1onefirst15fifteenfifteenth2twosecond16sixteensixteenth3threethird17seventeenseventeenth4fourfourth18eighteeneighteenth5fivefifth19ni

10、neteennineteenth6sixsixth20twentytwentieth7sevenseventh30thirtythirtieth8eighteighth40fortyfortieth9nineninth50fiftyfiftieth10tententh60sixtysixtieth11eleveneleventh70 seventyseventieth12twelvetwelfth80eightyeightieth13thirteenthirteenth90ninetyninetieth基数词变序数词口诀：基数词变序数词口诀：1，2，3特殊记，结尾各为t，d，d;加th，4开始

11、；8少t,9去e，千万别忘记 (eighth，ninth)；5和12不规则，f来把ve替 (fifth，twelfth)；20到90,y结尾变成ie(twentieth)；若是几十几，前基后序就可以。考点一 基数词基数词(1)基数词表示数量，后面一般接复数名词(“一”除外)，如 seven days。(2)基数词的读法：从右向左看，每隔三位划一逗号，倒数第一个逗号之前要用thousand，倒数第二个逗号之前要用million，倒数第三个逗号之前要用billion。例如：7，258，366，200 可读为：seven billion，two hundred and fiftyeight mill

12、ion，three hundred and sixtysix thousand，two hundred百位与十位之间要加and，如one hundred and twentyfive;十位与个位之间要加连词符，如seventyfour。(3)hundred,thousand,million,billion,dozen前面有具体数字时，后面不加s 和of;如果没有具体数字，后面必须加s 和of。如：five hundred(五百),hundreds of(成百上千的),ten thousand(一万),thousands of(成千上万的),millions of(上百万的)。基数词(4)时间的

13、读法顺读法：点钟分钟。例如：2：05 two five3：50 three fifty逆读法：分钟 30，用“past”：分钟past点钟(几点过几分)。例如：4：15 four fifteena quarter past four6：30 half past sixthirty past six 分钟 30分钟，用“to”：分钟(60分钟数)to(点钟1)(几点差几分)。例如：7：40 twenty to eight8：45 a quarter to ninefifteen to nine 整点的表达：点钟oclock。例如：9：00 nine oclock 基数词(5)编号的表达：名词基数

14、词the序数词名词。例如：Lesson Onethe first lesson(6)小数点用“point”，百分数用“percent”表达。例如：14 one point four60%sixty percent(7)与表示度量衡单位的词连用。例如：10米深/长/宽/高 ten meters deep/long/wide/tall基数词互动一例题一()1._ of volunteers will be needed for 2015 Horticulture Exportion in Qingdao.Lets go and _ them.A T h o u s a n d s;j o i n

15、BThousand;be a member of C T h r e e t h o u s a n d;t a k e p a r t i n DThousands;be in()2.The chairperson received about three _ applications to join the Bird Watching Club.Ahundred Bhundreds of Chundred of Dhundreds 例题二D A考点二 序数词序数词(1)序数词表示顺序，前面一般有“the”或代词修饰，后面一般接名词单数。例如：Monday is the second day

16、 of the week.Today is his seventeenth birthday.注意：a/an序数词表示“又一，再一(表示泛指)”。例如：I have failed twice,but I want to try a third time.(2)分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母s。例如：1/3 one third3/4 three fourths/three quarters(3)日期的表达：英语中日期的表达顺序为月、日、年或日、月、年。如：It happened on January the second，1990.It happened on Janu

17、ary 2，1990.序数词互动一例题一例题二DC()1.David,how old is your father this year?_.And we just had a special party for his _ birthday last weekend.AFortieth;forty BForty;forty CForty;fortieth DFortieth;fortieth()2.Its said that _ of the water around the world _ polluted.Atwo third;has Btwo thirds;have Ctwo third;are Dtwo thirds;is考点三 其他重点表达其它重点表达半小时 half an hour半天 half a day 两天半 two and a half daystwo days and a half 一至两天 one or two daysone day or two在20世纪90年代 in the 1990s在他30多岁 in his thirties再多两天 two more days another two days