英语高考备考课件-短文改错(解题技巧分析).ppt

1、短文改错考情表解考情表解高考英语短文改错，考察学生综合运高考英语短文改错，考察学生综合运用英语语言的能力，从历年短文改错用英语语言的能力，从历年短文改错来看，学生失分仍很多，下面谈谈短来看，学生失分仍很多，下面谈谈短文改错解题技巧。文改错解题技巧。短文改错常见考点设置短文改错常见考点设置考点考点1：名词名词命题特点命题特点:本来用复数本来用复数,却用单数；本来用单数，却用单数；本来用单数，却用复数。却用复数。改正方法改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份根据名词前的修饰限定成份 (2)根据上下文的逻辑关系根据上下文的逻辑关系.例例1.She said that she and my scho

2、olmate all wished me success.例例2.After class we become stranger at once.schoolmatesstrangers 例例3.They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my subject.例例4.On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.例例5.There are advantage for student

3、s to work while studying at school.例例6.Now we can get millions of informations from the Internet.subjectspicturesadvantagesinformation 例例7.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.例例8.She is one of the most intelligent girl in our class.例例9.I looked at his other hands.例例10.Most of them ar

4、e peasant and some often go fishing in the sea.例例11.We have made great progresses with Mr.Liu teaching us.ideagirlshandpeasantsprogress 考点考点2：代：代词词命题特点：命题特点：1.男女性代词用反；男女性代词用反；2.单数指代复数；单数指代复数；3.代词词性用错；代词词性用错；4.缺少人称代词。缺少人称代词。改正方法改正方法:根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数和格根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数和格的一致问题的一致问题.例例1.Rose is such

5、a kind girl that we all like him very much.例例2.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.例例3.I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei.例例4.It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them were very excited.hertheirwhoseus 例例5.Soon I began to enjoy talking to myse

6、lf as I was learning to express me in simple English.例例6.My story book is much more interesting than her.例例7.One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.例例8.Some students may also save up for our college or future use.例例9.Do you think necessary for you to learn Japanese well?myselfhersit

7、theirit 考点考点3：介词：介词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：误：1）介词的基本用法；）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如）动词词类确定错误，如talk,serve,wait等。等。记住：记住：介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。例例1.We do not seem to get much time to talk about together.例例2.I was so t

8、ired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.例例3.The patients are taken good care well in the nursing home.例例4.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.去掉去掉about或在其后加或在其后加itof例例5.Finally they found a hotel to stay.例例6.W

9、ell talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.例例7.I am writing to thank you with your kind help.例例8.He was looking for a glass the cupboard.aboutatforin 考点考点4：时态：时态命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过

10、去，突然一个句子用现在时；或者通常整篇都是现然一个句子用现在时；或者通常整篇都是现在，突然一个句子用过去时。其中又以一般在，突然一个句子用过去时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。现在时和过去时互改为多。例例1.They did not want me to do any work at home;they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I can make great progress.例例2.The time passes quickly.Evening came.例例3.She liked it very muc

11、h and reads it to the class.例例4.I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.Sometimes,we talked to each other very well in class.dopassedreadtalk例例5.I will write again and send you the photos we take together.例例6.We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel before.例例7.We fed monke

12、ys,visiting temples and told stories.tookhadvisited 考点考点5：and/but/or/so误用及前后不误用及前后不一致一致命题特点：命题特点：主要考查主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误等并列连词的误用。用。改正方法：改正方法：1）根据句意确定错误；）根据句意确定错误；2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。例例1.She is smiling at me but nodding at me.例例2.It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a g

13、uest.例例3.The food was expensive and the service was good.例例4.I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.andorbutand例例5.Hurry up,and you will miss the first bus.例例6.She worked hard,and she was admitted to Beijing University.例例7.Many peasants

14、 own their air-conditioners but some even have their own cars.or/otherwisesoand 考点考点6：从属连词：从属连词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或连）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或连接词是否得当等。接词是否得当等。例例1.It was abou

15、t noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.例例2.I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.例例3.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.例例4.What interested us most was what he gave his lessons lively and interesting.whenwhythat例例

16、5.They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning.例例6.That she said at the meeting surprised everyone in the room.例例7.He came out to see that was happening outside in the street.Whatwhat 考点考点7：冠词：冠词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：出题：1）不定

17、冠词）不定冠词a和和an互改；互改；2）不定冠词）不定冠词a或或an和定冠词和定冠词the互改；互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。）根据需要增删冠词。例例1.As everyone knows,its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.例例2.He built a telescope through which he could study sky.例例3.We may be one family and live under a same roof,but-例例4.On Thursday I will have to deci

18、de what I want to do over a weekend.athethethe 例例5.Rose comes from an European country but she can speak Chinese.例例7.I hope youve had pleasant journey home.例例8.We all think Betty is a honest girl.例例9.Up to now about 8 astronauts has walked in the space.例例10.With the help of Mr.Li I have made a great

19、 progress.aaan 考点考点8：形容词和副词：形容词和副词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。词的比较级等。1）根据）根据adj.或或adv.的基本用法确定错误；的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰名词用形容词，系表结构用形容词；）修饰名词用形容词，系表结构用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词，在句首用副词。个句子用副词，在句首用副词。例例1.I would describe myself as shy and quietly.例例2.Th

20、ere have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.例例3.The life of the people in the village has great improved.例例4.To catch the first bus she hurried to the station as rapid as she can.例例5.Finding information on the Net is easily.quietpersonalgreatlyra

21、pidlyeasy 例例6.They came back lately and had some tea.例例7.There are many foreigners coming to Qingdao for a tour in recently years.例例8.Climate in Beijing is much cold than that in Nanjing.例例9.The soup tastes great delicious.例例10.I am sure I can get along good with my host family.例例11.Fortunate he pas

22、sed the driving test.laterecentcoldergreatlywellFortunately考点考点9：非谓语动词：非谓语动词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。例例1.Earning their own money allows them spend on anything as they please.例例2.My parents will do all they can make

23、 sure that I get a good education.例例3.Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.例例4.The quake destroyed many houses and buildings made many people homeless.totalkingmakingto 例例5.Repairing last month,now the bathroom opens.例例6.We fed monkeys,v

24、isiting temples and told stories.例例7.Some students may also to save up for our college or future use.例例8.There are a lot of people learned English in China.例例9.You should had a balancing diet to grow a healthy man.例例10.When she returned she found her bike losing.Repairedvisitedlearningbalancedlost考点

25、考点10：关系代词：关系代词命题特点改正方法：命题特点改正方法：1）关系代词和人称代词的错用；）关系代词和人称代词的错用；2）关系代词和人称代词的叠用；）关系代词和人称代词的叠用；3）关系代词遗漏。）关系代词遗漏。例例1.She moved to Canada,there he picked up some English.例例2.I saw a pretty girl,she came from the US.例例3.Hes reading the same book that she did last week.例例4.Do you know the boy his father is a

26、 doctor?例例5.Tom bought the new bike which he found it two weeks ago.wherewhoaswhose 例例6.Finally they arrived at the cinema,that was standing on the water.例例7.Suddenly he found a temple,which was built it 100 years ago.例例8.Do you know the girl spoke to the boy just now?例例9.On Teachers Day they talked

27、 about some things and persons whom they remembered in the past.whichwhothat 例例10.The film was directed by Li An is very interesting.例例11.Ill tell you all which he told me yesterday.例例12.He came from Canada from him I learned a lot of knowledge.例例13.Ill never forget the days when we spent together.w

28、hich/thatthatwhomwhen去掉或改去掉或改为为that/which考点考点11：主谓一致：主谓一致命题特点改正方法：命题特点改正方法：主谓一致性主谓一致性;第三人称单数漏掉第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。再就是就近原则对主语的影响。例例1.She go to school by bike at 630 in the morning.例例2.Is there any books on the writing desk?例例3.What surprised us most are that he had

29、 passed the College Entrance Examination.例例4.Here is the answers to the questions.例例5.White as well as her parents come from the US.goesArewasarecomes例例6.The girl whose father is a doctor come from the US.例例7.Suddenly I found an old man who lies on the ground.例例8.Looking after the patient are her jo

30、b.例例9.There are 40 students in our class,26 of whom is eslayisare考点考点12：平行结构：平行结构命题特点改正方法：命题特点改正方法：词性或结构前后不一致，根据上下文句词性或结构前后不一致，根据上下文句意做出判断意做出判断 例例1.Mother is a kind,health,friendly woman in our neighbor.例例2.How much time did you take relax as well as to study per day?例例3.Betty looks pretty,kindly,pa

31、tient and healthy.例例4.She went to the hospital and pay a visit to her sister.healthytokindpaid 例例5.At work,it is IQ that gets you hire but it is EQ that gets you promoted.例例6.I go over my lessons and doing a lot of practice after class.例例7.I have many hobbies,for example,I like surfing the Internet

32、and do sports.hireddodoing短文改错口诀短文改错口诀动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾冠词连词常光顾.短文改错小结短文改错小结做短文改错应采取六个步骤和四不改。做短文改错应采取六个步骤和四不改。六个步骤：六个步骤：（1）通读短文，整体把握短文大意。）通读短文，整体把握短文大意。（2）细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一）细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一作答。作答。（3）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有

33、问）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。题。（4）逐行修改，先易后难。）逐行修改，先易后难。（5）复读全文，验证答案。）复读全文，验证答案。（6）要注意答题是否合乎规范。）要注意答题是否合乎规范。短文改错小结短文改错小结四不改：四不改：标点符号不改。标点符号不改。大小写不改。大小写不改。词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改词来改)。纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错在句中不可能用错.短文改错专项练习短文改错专项练习Rowena and Billy Wrangler are model hi

34、gh schoolstudents.They study hard.They do extreme well onachievement tests.And next year,Rowena will attendingHarvard University.Billy,her younger brother,hope to goto Cornell.That makes Rowena and Billy different frommost students is that they dont go to school.In fact,theyve never been to school.S

35、ince a kindergarten,theyhave studied at home.Neither Rowena or Billy feels as ifthey have missed out on nothing by being taught at home.As many of the more than one million people who receivehome schooling in the United States,they feel if theyhave gotten a good education.extremelybehopesWhatnoranythingLikeas